Block 67, 68: Renal

Question 1

cryoglobinemia common presentaion

Answer 1

palpable purpura
glomerulonephritis 
non-specific systemic symptoms
arthralgias
hepatosplenomegaly 
peripheral neuropathy
hypocomplementemia 
Hep C

Question 2

most common cause of hypernatremia is? Treatment?

Answer 2

hypovolemia

• Severe: .9% saline
• mild cases: 5% dextrose in .45% saline

Question 3

patients with end stage renal disease have 2 options, which one is better

Answer 3

dialysis

renal transplantation : better

Question 4

patients with COPD have what metabolic problems? COPD exacerbation with cor pulmonale, txt and caution?

Answer 4

respiratory acidosis compensatory metabolic alkalosis

- diuretics can reduce cardiac heart rate and develop rerenal acute injury

Question 5

patient has significant decrease in GFR in absence of another clear cause of renal dysfunction, minimal hematuria, and lack of improvement with volume resuscitiation, diagnosis

Answer 5

hepatorenal syndrome

Question 6

what causes decrease in GFR in hepatorenal syndrome

Answer 6

splanchnic arterial dilation

- activates renin results in renal vasoconstriction, decreased GFR

Question 7

characterize renal tubular acidosis

Answer 7

non-anion gap metabolic acidosis with perserved kidney function

Question 8

define type 4 Renal tubular acidosis and who usually gets si

Answer 8

non-anion gap metabolic acidosis
hyperkalemic
mild-moderate renal insufficiency
- poorly controlled diabetes