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Uworld Step 2 > Deck 73: Endocrine > Flashcards

Deck 73: Endocrine Flashcards

1
Q

3 treatment options for Graves

A

Anti-thyroid drugs
radioactive iodine therapy
thyroidectomy

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2
Q

Patient with sore throat and fever taking Methimazole?

A

agranulocytosis

stop drug

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3
Q

name 2 antithyroid drugs

A

propylthiouracil

Methimazole

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4
Q

black box warning for propylthiouracil

A

severe liver injury

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5
Q

what do you give first trimester pregnancy when patient is hyperthyroid

A

Propylthiouracil

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6
Q

insulin is made from what cells

A

beta-cells

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7
Q

hypothyroidism can cause what metabolic abnormalities? what some metabolic conditions these patients have

A
  • hyperlipidemia
  • hyponatremia
  • asymptomatic Cr and serum transaminases increase
  • hypercholestrolemia
  • hypertriglyceridemia
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8
Q

initial screening test for primary hyperaldosteronism? confirmatory test

A

plasma aldosterone/ plasma rennin

Adrenal suppression

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9
Q

most sensitive test for adrenal adenoma vs. bilateral adrenal hyperplasia in patients without discrete unilateral adrenal mass on imaging

A

adrenal venous sampling

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10
Q

first line treatment for central Diabetes insipidus

A

Desmopressin (intranasal)

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11
Q

what distinguishes central and nephrogenic diabetes

A

water deprivation and then give desmopressin

central: increase urine osmolality

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12
Q

Treatment for polycystic ovary syndrome

A 
weight loss
oral contraceptive ( estrogen and progestin)
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13
Q

Best markers for indicating resolution of DKA are

A
  • serum anion gap

- beta-hydroxybutyrate levels

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14
Q

who should always receive a statin regardless

A

diabetic age 40-75

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15
Q

what is A1c level with adequately controlled diabetes

A

less than 7.0

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16
Q

fever, neck pain, and a tender goiter following an upper respiratory illness

A

subacute ( de Quervain ) thyroiditis

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17
Q

treatment for subacute (de Quervain) thyroiditis

A

symptomatic with beta blockers and NSAIDS

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18
Q

weight gain, psychiatric symptoms, hirsutism, hypertension and hyperglyciemia

A

cushing

19
Q

what causes milk-alkali syndrome

A

excessive intake of calcium and absorbable alkali

20
Q

in hyperthyroidism increased radioactive iodine uptake suggests

A

de novo thyroid hormone synthesis

21
Q

in hyperthyroidism, decreased radioactive iodine uptake suggests

A

release of preformed hormone or exogenous hormone intake

22
Q

thyrotoxicosis due to exogenous thyroid hormone is characterized by

A

low serum thyroglobulin levels

23
Q

most common cause of neuropathic ulcers

A

diabetes

24
Q

treatment for primary hyperparathyroidism who present with symptoms or have increased risk of complication

A

parathyroidectomy

25
Q

Anorexia, nausea, vomiting, early satiety, postprandial fullness, and impaired glycemic control

A

diabetic gastroparesis

26
Q

treatment for diabetic gastroparesis

A

Prokinetic agents

metoclopramide, erythromycin, cisapride

27
Q

how does carcinoid tumor cause of vitamin deficiency

A
  • increases production of serotonin from tryptophan ( required for niacin)
28
Q

what drug is used to prevent diabetic nephropathy

A

ACE inhibitors

29
Q

what is used to predict the risk of future ulcers in diabeteics

A

monofilament testing

30
Q

fine-needle aspiration biopsy of thyroid shows
large cells with ground glass cytoplasm, pale nuclei contaning inclusion bodies and central grooving consistent with papillary thyroid cancer

A

papillary thyroid cancer

31
Q

primary treatment for papillary thyroid carcinoma

A

surgical resection

32
Q

level of dehydroepiandrosterone sulfate levels in androgen-producing adrenal tumors

A

elevated

33
Q

hypertension, mild hypernatremia, metabolic alkalosis, and suppressed plasma renin activity

A

primary hyperaldosteronism

34
Q

proximal muscle weaknes in setting of hyperthyroidism

A

chronic hyperthyroid myopathy

35
Q

calcitonin-producing tumors of thyroid parafollicular C cells

A

medullary thyroid cancer

36
Q

what should you suspect with medullary thyroid cancer

A

MEN 2A and B

- pheochromocytoma

37
Q

lab test ordere for rapidly developing hyperandrogensism in female

A

testosterone and DHEAS

normal DHEAS: normal ovarian source
elevated DHEAS: adrenal source

38
Q

tight blood glucose control in patients with diabetes decreases the risk of

A

microvascular complications

39
Q

tight blood glucose control in patients with diabetes increases the risk of

A

hypoglycemia

all-cause mortality

40
Q

untreated hyperthyroid patients are at risk for

A

rapid bone loss
cardiac tachyarrhythmias
a. fib

41
Q

MEN2B

A

medullary thyroid cancer
pheochromocytoma
marfanoid habitus
mucosal neuromas

MEN2A: add primary hyperparathyroidism

42
Q

systolic hypertension in thyrotoxicosis is caused by

A

increased Myocardial contractility and heart rate

43
Q

difference between thyroid storm and pheochromocytomas

A

thyroid: temperature
pheochromocytoma: more severe hypertension

44
Q

Hyperthyroidism from toxic adenoma is due to

A

autonomous production of thyroid hormones

Uworld Step 2 (30 decks)

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