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NAPLEX Prep > Pediatric Conditions > Flashcards

Pediatric Conditions Flashcards

newborn health, pre-term birth, OTC products, bacterial meningitis, RSV, croup, nocturnal enuresis, toxins and toxicities, vaccines

1
Q

what age is a neonate

A

0-28 days

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2
Q

what age is a newborn

A

1-12 months

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3
Q

what age is a toddler

A

1-2 yo

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4
Q

what age is a child

A

2-12 yo

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5
Q

what age is an adolescent

A

13-18 yo

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6
Q

At what temperature and age should a pediatric patient be sent for urgent/emergent care?

A

<3mo 100.4 F +
3-6mo 101 F +
>6mo 103 F +

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7
Q

What sx should indicate emergent care rather than OTC treatment

A

seizure
sx that only worsen
unable to move extremity
inability to sleep or drink
severe rash
rash with fever
persistent or unusual pain that lasts hours
hematuria or hematochezia

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8
Q

what is an Apgar score used for? what is a normal score?

A

used to assess newborns condition
based on HR, resp effort, color, muscle tone, reflex irritability
score is 0-10 and normal score is 7-10

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9
Q

what is considered a pre term baby? What are major concerns is premature?

A

born <37 weeks gestation
hypotension
patent ductus arteriosus (PDA)
persistent pulmonary HTN in neonate (PPHN)
low Apgar score 2/2 heart and lung immaturity
CPAP may be needed

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10
Q

PDA treatment and time frame

A

IV indomethacin or ibuprofen within 14 days of birth

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11
Q

PPHN treatment

what may PPHN be linked to?

A

supportive care
nitric oxide inhalation
prostaglandin analogs
PDE5-i
_________________________

may be linked to SSRI use in utero

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12
Q

RDS (respiratory distress syndrome)
common if ______?
what causes this?
tx options?

A

common if born <35 weeks gestation
deficiency in surfactant production

tx = surfactants
poractant alfa (Curosurf)
calfactant (Infasurf)

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13
Q

ASA and salicylates are CI in _______ yo due to __________________–

A

<16 yo 2/2 risk of Reye syndrome when recovering from viral infections

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14
Q

APAP and ibuprofen are not for use in what pediatric age group

A

<6 months

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15
Q

APAP dosing peds
MDD
how supplied

A

for >6 months old

10-15mg/kg/dose PO Q4-6 hours
MDD 75mg/kg/day

usually supplied in 160mg/5mL

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16
Q

ibuprofen dosing peds
MDD
how supplied

A

for >6 months old

5-10mg/kg/dose PO Q6-8h
MDD 40mg/kg/day

usually supplied as 50mg/1.5mL drops or
100mg/5mL soln

17
Q

simethicone dosing in peds

A

10mg PO 1-4x/day prn

18
Q

saline nasal soln dosing in peds

A

2-6 gtts/nostril prn

19
Q

PEG dosing in peds and MDD
what age can PEG be used in

A

> 6 months!!!
0.4g/kg
MDD 17g

20
Q

what are the treatment options for meningitis in <1 month old? What are we covering?

A

covering LISTERIA, n men, h infl, s pneumo

ampicillin + cefuroxime or AG

21
Q

what are the treatment options for meningitis in 1 month to 50 yo? What are we covering?

A

covering s. pneumo, h infl, n men
need DOUBLE STREP COVERAGE

vanco + CTX or cefuroxime

22
Q

CTX is CI in what age group and why

A

CI in neonates (<28d) bc it displaces bilirubin from albumin and causes bilirubin-induced bran damage (kernicterus)

23
Q

RSV treatment in peds

A

supportive +/- ribavirin or palivizumab

24
Q

when should ribavirin (Virazole) be used for RSV in peds

A

RSV
+
prematurity, cardiopulmonary disease or immunosuppressed

25
Q

when should Palivizumab be used for RSV in peds

A

in first year of life IF

  • born <29 weeks gestation
  • born <32 weeks gestation w chronic lung disease
  • <12 months with heart ocnditions
26
Q

croup treatment

A

hydration and supportive
+
dexamethasone
+/-
racemic EN

27
Q

dexamethasone dosing for croup in peds

A

0.6mg/kg po/IM/IV x1
max is 16mg/dose

28
Q

when should racemic EN be used for croup? What is the dosing?

A

in mod to severe croup
2.25% solution at 0.05-1mL/kg diluted in 2mL of NS q20 min

29
Q

nocturnal enuresis tx

A

desmopressin 0.2mg PO HS

30
Q

what is a concerning SE of desmopressin

A

hyponatremia

31
Q

codeine and tramadol are CI in

A

< 12 yo

32
Q

promethazine is CI in

A

< 2yo

33
Q

OTC teething meds with benzocaine and OTC cold and cough meds are CI in

A

< 2 yo

34
Q

CTX is CI in

A

0-28 days (neonates)

35
Q

TTCs are not recommended in

A

<8 yo

36
Q

ASA and salicylates are not recommended in

A

<16 yo

37
Q

FQs are the recommended ABX treatment for adolescents T or F

A

false, no recommended in peds

38
Q

what are vaccine preventable diseases in peds

A

MMR
TDaP
IPV
RV
chickenpox (varicella vaccine)

NAPLEX Prep (57 decks)

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