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NAPLEX Prep > Immunizations > Flashcards

Immunizations Flashcards

types of vaccines, timing and spacing, vaccine ADR, vaccine CI and precautions, special conditions, routine vaccinations, storage, admin

1
Q

gelatin is derived from

A

porcine (pig)

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2
Q

active immunity

A

when persons own immune system creates Abs in response to a vaccine or infection

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3
Q

passive immunity

A

immunity gained form IVIG or passed from mother to baby in utero

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4
Q

live vaccines are CI in

A

pregnant and immunocompromised

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5
Q

what are the live vaccines

A

MICRO-VY
MMR
Intranasal influenza
Cholera
Rotavirus
Oral typhoid
Varicella
Yellow fever
________________________
TB
smallpox
ebola
dengue

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6
Q

polysaccharide vaccine example

A

pneumococcal polysacharide vaccine (Pneumovax 23)

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7
Q

conjugate vaccine example

A

pneumococcal conjugate vaccine (Prevnar 20)
meningococcal conjugate vaccine (Menactra)

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8
Q

examples of recombinant vaccines

A

HPV (Garsadil 9)
recombinant influenza (FluBlok Quadrivalent)

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9
Q

toxoid vaccines examples

A

tetanus, diptheria

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10
Q

mRNA vaccines example

A

COVID-19

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11
Q

how long will it take for the body to produce Abs from the MMR and/or varicella vaccines

A

3-11 months

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12
Q

most live vaccines are not given to pediatric patients aged ____________

A

<12 months old

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13
Q

If a patient received IVIG or a blood transfusion today, how long would they have to wait to receive a MMR or varicella vaccine

A

3 months +

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14
Q

If a patient received MMR and varicella vaccines today, how long do they have to wait to receive IVIG or blood transfusions?

A

2 weeks

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15
Q

after a live vaccine, mild systemic reactions can occur for ______ days

A

3-21

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16
Q

a minor reaction is not a CI to future vaccines T or F

A

true!

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17
Q

when is admin of a vaccine and antibody at the same time recommended

A

post-exposure ppx in rabbies, , Hep A, Hep B, tetanus

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18
Q

what should be administered to a patient undergoing anaphylaxis from a vaccine

A

epi pen
benadryl
lay flat on back
call 911
CPR possible
record all vital signs

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19
Q

DTaP and any combination of the three are CI in

A

encephalopathy (coma, dec level of consciousness, prolonged seizure) within last 7 days
GBS hx

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20
Q

Hep B vaccine is CI in

A

yeast hypersensitivity

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21
Q

HPV is CI in

A

yeast hypersensitivity

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22
Q

LIAV is CI in

A

pregnancy
imm supp
anaphylaxis to egg
influenza antivirals in last 5 d
kids with asthma
close contact with imm supp person

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23
Q

all influenza vaccines are CI in

A

GBS

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24
Q

varicella vaccines are CI in

A

severe allergic rxn to gelatin or neomycin

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25
Q

yellow fever vaccine is CI in

A

anaphylaxis to egg

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26
Q

infants and children (30 days to 12 yo) should receive

A

3 doses of Hep B at birth
starting at 2 months: PCV13m DTaP, Hib, polio, rotavirus
starting at 1 yr: MMR and varicella

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27
Q

polysaccharide vaccines are CI in which age group? what vaccines are in this category?

A

CI in <2 yo
pneumococcal polysaccharide (Pneumovax 23)

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28
Q

what 5 vaccines should all healthcare workers have

A

influenza
TDaP
Hep B
varcella
MMR

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29
Q

what three vaccinations are started at 11-12 yo

A

MMR
HPV
TdaP

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30
Q

what is the schedule for meningococcal vaccine? What are the brand names?

A

MCV4: Menactra, Menveo, MenQuadfi
2 doses @ 11-12yo and 16 yo

think about how the patient usually goes to college at 18 so meningococcal has to be all set by then

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31
Q

if a patient is entering college and did not receive the two doses of meningococcal vaccine at 11-12 yo and 16 yo, what should they be given?

A

1 dose of meningococcal vaccine if they are going into college

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32
Q

HPV is ___ doses and recommended start is age ___

A

3 doses starting at age 11-12

33
Q

what vaccines should a pregnant patient receive

A

inactivated influenza
TdaP x1 with each pregnancy

34
Q

ideally, when should TdaP be given to a pregnant patient

A

weeks 27-36

35
Q

what vaccines should a patient receive if they have SCD or another cause of asplenia

A

Hib
meningococcal (conjugate & serogroup B)
pneumococcal (either PCV 20 x1 or PCV15 x1 then PCV23 8+ weeks later)

36
Q

what vaccines should older adults receive

A

shingles for 50+ (2 doses 2-6 months apart)
pneumococcal for 65+ (PCV20 x1 or PCV15 x1 then PCV23 12+ months later)

37
Q

what is the difference between the pneumococcal vaccine schedule in asplenia/SCD/imm comp compared to older adults/DM?

A

all of them can receive PCV20 x1

asplenia/SCD/imm comp alternative is PCV15 x1 then PCV23 8+ WEEKS LATER
whereas
older adults/DM alternative is PCV15 x1 then PCV23 12+ MONTHS LATER

38
Q

what vaccines should imm comp patients receive

A

no live vaccines
________________
pneumococcal (PCV20 x1 or PCV15 x1 then PCV23 x1 8+ weeks later)
Shingrix (19+ yo) 2 doses, 2-6 months apart
________________
additional vaccines if HIV + : Hep A and B, meningococcal conjugate

39
Q

what two populations should receive the shingrix vaccine? How does the dosing differ?

A

50+ yo

19+ yo if immuno comp

dosing is the same! Two doses, 2-6 mo apart

40
Q

what are considered imm comp conditions

A

chronic renal failure
nephrotic syndrome
malignancy
HIV infection
SOT
imm sup drugs

41
Q

influenza vaccination can start at what age

A

6 months old

42
Q

if a patient previously had shingles, can they receive shingrix

A

yes

43
Q

if a patient had chickenpox (like mom did as a kid) can they receive shingrix

A

yes

44
Q

if a patient received Zostavax can/should they get shingrix

A

yes

45
Q

past what age is HPV vaccine likely ineffective

A

26 yo

46
Q

if a patient received TdaP x1, when should they receive the next dose? Does it have to be TdaP?

A

10 years

can be TdaP or Td

47
Q

what patient populations should receive the meningococcal serogroup B vaccine

A

10+ yo with
asplenia/SCD
during an outbreak
lab workers with N. Men exposure

48
Q

what patient populations should receive the menincococcal conjugate vaccine?

A

routine: 2 doses at 11-12yo and 16 yo

special populations at high risk:
travelers to meningitis belt in subsaharan Africa
2 months+ with asplenia/SCD
lab workers w N. Men exposure
first year college students <21yo
military recruits

49
Q

what are the different meningococcal conjugate vaccines and what age ranges are they safe in

A

Menactra 9mo-55yrs
MenQuadfi 2+ yo
Menveo 2mo-55yrs

50
Q

what are the names of the MenB vaccines

A

Bexsero
Trumenba

51
Q

Hep B vaccine should be given in

A

routine vaccination: 3 doses started at birth
if not given at birth: give to all 19-59 yo or 60+ with HIV, imm comp, incarcerated etc.

52
Q

can Hep A and B be given together?

A

Yes
given like Hep B (3 dose series at months 0, 1, and 6

53
Q

what is the vaccine that has Hep A and B

A

Twinrix

54
Q

what is the routine Hep A vaccine schedule?
what patient should receive Hep A vaccine if not received in childhood

A

adults …
traveling to third world countries or housing someone coming from underdeveloped country
liver disease
hemophilia
MSM
IVDU
homeless
HIV

55
Q

Pediarix =

A

DTaP-HepB-IPV

56
Q

TDaP brands

A

Boostrix
Adacel

57
Q

Hep A vaccine brands

A

Havrix
Vaqta

58
Q

Hep B vaccine brands

A

Engerix-B
Heplisav-B
Recombivax-HB

59
Q

HPV9 vaccine brand

A

Gardasil 9

60
Q

what are the inactivated influenza vaccines (IIV4)

A

Fluzone quad
Afluria
Fluarix
FluLaval
Fluzone

61
Q

what are the LAIV

A

Flumist (intranasal)

62
Q

MMR vaccine brand

A

Prorix

63
Q

MMR + varicella (MMRV)=

A

ProQuad

64
Q

what are the generics and brands of the different pneumococcal vaccines? What classifications are there?

A

Conjugate
Prevnar 13 (PCV13) - not really used
Vaxneuvance (PCV15)
Prevnar 20 (PCV20)
______________________________________
Polysaccharide
Pneumovax 23 (PCV23)

65
Q

PCV23 can be given

A

IM or SQ

66
Q

Pediarix =

A

DTaP-HepB-IPV

67
Q

rotavirus brands and dosing for each

A

Rotarix: 2 does at 2 and 4 mo
RotaTeq: 3 doses at 2, 4, 6 mo

68
Q

varicella vaccine brand

A

Varivax

69
Q

refrigerated vaccine storage requirements

A

refrigerator between 36-46F

70
Q

what vaccines are stored in the freezer and at what temp

A

varicella
MMRV
cholera
-58 to +5 F

71
Q

what vaccines are administered SQ only

A

yellow fever
monkey pox
dengue
small pox

72
Q

what vaccines can be given IM or SQ

A

MMR
MMRV
PPSV23
IPV

73
Q

PPSV23 =

A

pneumococcal polysaccharide vaccine 23 aka Pneumovax

74
Q

what vaccines come in oral forms

A

cholera
rotavirus
typhoid

75
Q

what vaccines are intranasal

A

FluMist Quad

76
Q

SC vaccines
what gauge, needle length, angle and location?

A

23-25 gauge
5/8th needle
45 degree angle in fatty tissue of tricep

77
Q

IM
what gauge, needle length, angle and location?

A

22-25 gauge
1” length
90 degree angle in deltoid

78
Q

when giving IM vaccines, when should a needle length other than 1” be used?

A

<130lb - 5/8 to 1”

> 200lb female or >260lb male use 1 1/2”

NAPLEX Prep (57 decks)

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