Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

NAPLEX Prep > Constipation and Diarrhea > Flashcards

Constipation and Diarrhea Flashcards

1
Q

what conditions can cause constipation

A

sp cord injury
IBS-C
anal fissures, fistulas, hemorrhoids, rectal prolapse
cerebrovascular events
parkinsons
DM
hypothyroidism

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

what drugs can cause constipation

A

opioids
antacids
antidiarrheals
colesevelam
anticholinergics
verapamil
Aluminum products
aripiprazole

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

non pharm tx for constipation

A

recommended for all
fluids (64 oz a day)
increase fiber foods
inc physical activity
avoid caffeine and alcohol

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

what are the bulk forming laxatives? which patients are these recommended in?

A

psyllium (metamucil)\
fiber (FiberCon, Benefber etc.)
methylcellulose
recommended as first line for all patients
#1 in pregnancy
recommended for iron-induced constipation as well

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

osmotic laxatives includes …

A

PEG
lactulose
glycerin
MOM
fleet enema

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

PEG dosing

A

17g PO daily

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

MOM dosing

A

2.4-4.8mg hs

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

lactulose dosing for constipation

A

10-20g daily po

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

fleet enema active ingredient

A

sodium phosphates

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

miralax (PEG) is CI in

A

GI obstruction

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

osmotic laxatives (glycerin, MOM, PEG, lactulose, fleet enema) are recommended in which condition

A

opioid-induced constipation (OIC)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

what are the stimulant laxatives? when are these recommended?

A

senna
bisacodyl (Dulcolax)

recommended in opioid-induced constipation

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

senna dosing

A

17.2-50 grams daily-BID

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

bisacodyl (dulcolax) dosing
waht dosage forms are available

A

5-15mg daily
PO and PR

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

stimulant laxatives should be taken

A

at night to induce a BM in the morning

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

what is the main stool softener

A

docusate (Colace)

17
Q

docusate
brand name
dosing
dosage forms
use/recommendation

A

Colace
50-360mg daily or DIV
PO or PR

preferred in situations where need to avoid strain (post-partum, post-MI, hemorrhoids, fistulas, fissures)
recommended in iron-induced constipation

18
Q

lubiprostone
brand
MOA
indications

A

Amitiza (lubiprostone)
Cl- channel activator
indicated for CIC, IBS-C in adult women, OIC

19
Q

Linaclotide
brand
MOA
indications

A

Linzess
guanylate cyclase agonist that increases bicarb and Cl- secretion into intestine
indicated for CIC and IBS-C

20
Q

match brand to generic

linaclotide Entereg

alvimopan Amitiza

lupiprostone Linzess

A

lubprostone - Amitiza
linaclotide - Linzess
alvimopan - ENtereg

21
Q

alvimopan
brand
MOA
indication

A

Entereg
peripheral mu opioid receptor antagonist (PAMORA)
only for hospitalized surgery patients post op to prevent ileus

22
Q

what is the role of methylnaltrexone (Relistar) and naloxegol (Movantik) in management of constipation

A

indicated for OIC only

23
Q

OIC =

A

opioid induced constipation

24
Q

CIC =

A

chronic idiopathic constipation

25
Q

what are tx options for diarrhea

A

loperamide
BSS
diphenoxylate/atropine
doxylamine

26
Q

BSS
dosing
MDD
max duration
SE

A

524mg q30-60 min
MDD 4200 g /d
max is x2 days

SE: black/tarry tongue or stool, salicylate HSR, bleed risk with anticoag/ASA/NSAIDs/antiplatelets, nausea

27
Q

BSS suspension concentration

A

262mg/15mL

28
Q

BSS OTC tab strength

A

262mg

29
Q

loperamide
brand
dosing
MDD

A

Imodium -AD
4mg with first loose stool then 2mg with ea subsequent loose stool up to
8mg OTC
16mg if Rx or supervised healthcare setting

30
Q

loperamide ADE

A

BBW: torsades, cardiac arrest, sudden death, not for <2 yo

31
Q

loperamide is CI in

A

acute dysentery
c diff
bacterial enterocolitis

32
Q

diphenoxylate/atropine
brand
CI
SE

A

Lomotil
CI resp dep risk and c diff
SE: anticholinergic

33
Q

when experiencing constipation or diarrhea, when should a HCP be contacted

A

< 6 mo old
pregnant
>101 F
severe abdominal pain
hematochezia
OTC used x1 week with no improvement

NAPLEX Prep (57 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions