Compounding II: Equipment, Stability and Excipients Flashcards
a measuring device should not be used to measure a volume less than __% of its capacity
20%
glass mortars are used for
liquids (suspensions, oily)
wedgewood mortars are used for
grinding dry crystals and hard powders
porcelain mortars are for
blending powders and pulverizing gummy consistencies
surfactant purpose and examples
surfactant forms around the oil droplets which stabilizes the emulsion and the oil droplets stay dispersed longer
wetting agents, emulsifiers, suspending agents, levigating agents, foaming agent, glycols and gels
what does an HLB <10 mean
HLB represents the surfactant
surfactants with a low HLB are more lipid soluble and used for w/o emulsions
what does an HLB >10 mean
HLB represents the surfactant
surfactants with a high HLB are more water soluble and used for o/w emulsions
between oral and topical formulations, which is usually w/o and which is usually o/w?
topical - w/o (less palatable)
oral - o/w
which reactions cause drugs to degrade
oxid-reduction
hydrolysis
photolysis
purpose of binders
allow the contents of a tablet to stick together while allowing the contents to be released once ingested
stability and strength
purpose of disintegrants
facilitates breakup of an oral tablet after ingestion
purpose of buffers
keep the pH within a certain range which can improve stability and solubility
ointment vs cream
ointments are 0-20% water while creams have a higher water content
both are semi-solids
lotion definition
have a bit of alcohol in them to solubilize ingredients or hasten evaporation of the solvent from the skin
gels are _____ at fridge temp and ________ at room temp
liquid at fridge temp and gel at room temp
