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NAPLEX Prep > Drug Use in Pregnancy & Lactation > Flashcards

Drug Use in Pregnancy & Lactation Flashcards

1
Q

what does G2P1

A

patient has been pregnant twice and given birth once

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2
Q

what supplementation and at what doses are recommend while preg

A

folate 600mcg/day
calcium 1000mg/day
Vit D 600IU/15mcg a day

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3
Q

what is preg category A

A

tested in animals and women and deemed safe in first trimester

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4
Q

what is preg category B

A

animal studies showed no risk but there are no studies in preg women

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5
Q

what is preg category C

A

animal studies showed harm, but no well controlled studies in humans

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6
Q

what is preg category X

A

animal and human studies showed fetal abnormalities
contraindicated in pregnancy

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7
Q

what drugs are teratogens

A

ABX: FQs, TTC, AGs
acne: tretinoins
anticoag: warfarin
HLD/HTN/HF: RAASi, statins
all hormones
amiodarone
Li
VPA
hydroxyurea
MTX
topamax
paxil
misoprostol
benzos
opiates
NSAIDs

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8
Q

preeclampsia definition

A

HTN with possible end organ damage between 20 weeks gestation and delivery

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9
Q

eclampsia definition

A

epilepsy between 20 weeks gestation and delivery

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10
Q

why and when should ASA 81mg be initiated during gestation

A

preeclampsia + DM, kidney disease, hx preeclampsia, chronic HTN
in second and third trimesters

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11
Q

what are the trimesters in pregnancy

A

First trimester: Weeks 1–12 (3mo)
Second trimester: Weeks 13–28
Third trimester: Weeks 29–40, the shortest trimester

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12
Q

morning sickness/N/V tx in pregnancy

A

doxylamine and B6 (pyridoxime)
brand = Bonjesta or Diclegis

ginger

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13
Q

GERD/heartburn tx in pregnancy

A

lifestyle + TUMS first line

H2RA and PPI second line

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14
Q

flatulence tx in pregnancy

A

simethicone (GasX)

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15
Q

constipation tx in pregnancy

A

2 = PEG, docusate

lifestyle and inc fiber

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16
Q

cough, cold, allergies tx in pregnancy

A

cromolyn x 3d

budesonide (Rhinocort)
beclometasone
avoid liquids with alcohol

17
Q

pain tx in pregnancy

A

APAP and non-pharm
ASA only ok for preeclampsia

18
Q

asthma tx in pregnancy

A

budesonide (Rhinocort) and albuterol

19
Q

IDA tx in pregnancy

A

prenatal with iron

20
Q

HTN tx in pregnancy

A

labetalol, methyldopa, nifedipine

21
Q

DM tx in pregnancy

A

insulin

22
Q

ABX safe in preg

A

penicillins
cephalosporins
macrolides

23
Q

vaginal fungal infxn tx in pregnancy

A

topical antifungals x 7d

24
Q

UTI tx in pregnancy

A

always tx bacteruria even if asx and (-)UA
cephalexin 500mg PO 4x/day x7d
ampicillin 500mg PO 4x/day x7d

SMX and Macrobid are last line in first trimester and last 2 weeks of pregnancy

25
Q

anticoag tx in pregnancy

A

LMWH

26
Q

hypothyroidism tx in pregnancy

A

levothyroxine, dose may need to be increased 30-50%

27
Q

hyperthyroidism tx in pregnancy

A

PTU in first trimester
MMZ in second and third trimesters

28
Q

which vaccines should pregnant patients receive

A

inactivated influenza vaccine
TdaP

29
Q

how much vitamin D do babies receive in breastmilk

A

10mcg/400IU a day

30
Q

iron supplementation in newborns
when to supplement, how much to supplement and why do we start at that time

A

1mg/kg/d in months 4-6
iron stores in newborn can last them for 4 months!

31
Q

while breastfeeding, how should mom use supplements

A

inc diet by 450-500kcal/day
continue omega 3 FAs
continue prenatal vitamin

32
Q

what drug characteristics increase excretion into breastmilk

A

low Vd
unionized
lipophilic
low MW

33
Q

what drugs should NOT be taken by the mom while breastfeeding

A

tramadol
codeine and ANY opiate
tobacco
amiodarone
ergotamines
statins
phenobarb
amphetamines
Li

34
Q

can a mom breastfeed until suspected HIV results come back negative

A

no, should not breastfeed if there is even a slight possibility of HIV

NAPLEX Prep (57 decks)

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