Pathology: Congenital disease Test 3 Flashcards
What is the arrow pointing to and what is the name of this disease?
Atrial septal defect
What is this picture showing? What disease is this associated with?
A hole in the atrial septal wall
ASD
What is this picture showing? What disease is this associated with?
A hole in the atrial septal wall
ASD
What is this picture showing? What is this called?
Paradoxical embolus
This occurs when an embolism formed in the venous system gets lodged within the setal defect
Note: if the embolism was smaller, it would affect the systemic circulation
What is this picture showing? What disease is it associated with?
A hole in the ventricular septum
VSD
What is this picture showing? What disease is it associated with?
A hole in the ventricular septum
VSD
What is this picture showing? What disease is it associated with?
A hole in the ventricular septum
VSD
What is this picture showing? What disease is it associated with?
A hole in the ventricular septum
VSD
Surgical correction of VSDs in babies is often delayed beyond infancy. When would you NOT want to delay the surgery in an infant? And why?
If you have a really big VSD with L to R shunt, this can cause pulmonary hypertension, eventually leading to Eisenmenger’s Syndrome
Which way is blood flowing through the Ductus Arteriosus in utero?
After birth?
In utero, blood flows from the pulmonary trunk to the aorts
At birth, blood flows from the aorta to the pulmonary trunk
What is this image showing? (disease)
Patent ductus arteriosus
Name the unidentified labels. What disease is this?
Patent Ductus Arteriosus
What’s going on here?
Patent Ductus Arteriosus
What is this? Are men or women more likely to get this? What other genetic disease can this occur in?
Aortic coarctation
Men are more likely to get the disease
Turner syndrome
Aortic coarctation can be with a Patent Ductus Arteriosus (PDA). Would this patient present any differently than if did not have a PDA?
Right to left shunt to the body with cyanosis to lower limbs (left)
Without PDA all limbs will receive oxygenated blood
What is thei CXR showing?
Tetralogy of Fallot
RV hypertrophy leads to a “boot-shaped heart”
What is this picture showing?
Transposition of the great arteries
What are the 5 Right to Left shunt diseases
- Tetralogy of Fallot
- Transposition of Great Arteries
- Tricuspid Atresia
- Persistent Truncus Arteriosus
- Total anomalous venous return
A 2 year old girl has growth and developmental delay. She has had several past episodes when she would suddenly have trouble breathing, become blue, and assume a squatting position to catch her breath. Workup finds a defect in the ventricular wall septum, increased thickness of the right ventricular wall, and dextroposition of the aorta. Which of the following abnormalities is most likely to also be present?
A.Coarctation of the aorta
B.Incompetent mitral valve
C.Patent foramen ovale
D.Persistent AV canal
E.Stenosis of pulmonic valve
E.Stenosis of the pulmonic valve?
A 2 year old asymptomatic girl is discovered to have a soft systolic murmur with a systolic thrill. No cyanosis is present and her peripheral pulses are normal. An ECG reveals slight left ventricular hypertrophy. Which is the most likely diagnosis?
A.Coarctation of the aorta
B.Patent Ductus Arteriosus
C.Persistent Truncus arteriosus
D.Tetralogy of Fallot
E.VSD
A.Coarctation of the aorta?
Prior to surgery, which of the following is the best medical therapy for a newborn infant born with transposition of the pulmonary artery and aorta?
A.Give prostaglandin E2 to keep the ductus arteriosus open
B.Given prostaglandin F2 to keep the ductus arteriosus open
C.Given oxygen to keep the ductus arteriosus open
D.Given indomethacin to keep the ductus arteriosus open
E.Give indomethacin to close the ductus arteriosus
A.Give prostaglandin E2 to keep the ductus arteriosus open
Which of the following statements correctly describes the flow of blood in a patient with an ASD that develops Eisenmenger syndrome?
A.Left atrium to right atrium to right ventricle to lungs to left atrium
B.Left ventricle to right ventricle to lungs to left atrium to right ventricle
C.Right atrium to left atrium to left ventricle to aorta to right atrium
D.Right ventricle to left ventricle to aorta to right atrium to right ventricle
A.Right atrium to left atrium to left ventricle to aorta to right atrium
