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pathology cancers Flashcards

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1
Q

an abnormal new growth

A

neoplasms (tumors)

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2
Q

Enclosed sac-like pouches that have a definite wall.Usually containing a liquid, solid, or semi-solid material

A

Cysts

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3
Q

Types of cysts

A

Duarian cystSebaccous cyst

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4
Q

abnormal sac-like pouch present on the ovary.

A

Duarian cyst

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5
Q

type of duarian cyst

A

dermoid

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6
Q

duarian cyst also called…

A

ovarian cyst

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7
Q

a rare ovarian (duarian) cyst that contains a waxy tissue and other structures not normally foundex: teeth or hair follicles

A

dermoid cyst

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8
Q

an abnormal sac-like structure located on a oil gland

A

sebaccous

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9
Q

oil glands are also called

A

sebaceous glands

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10
Q

An increase in size of a body part or organ by an increase in size of the cells already present.Excessive growth

A

hypertrophy

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11
Q

sebaccous cysts are also called…

A

wen

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12
Q

an abnormal sac-like structure

A

tumor

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13
Q

types of hypertrophy

A

physiologicalpathologicalcompensatory

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14
Q

increase in size of a body part or organ due to increased functional demand

A

physiological hypertrophy

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15
Q

Breast tissue due to lactation. The increase in size of the female uterus in preparation of pregnancy.

A

physiological hypertrophy

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16
Q

an increase in size of a body part or organ due to disease

A

pathological hypertrophy

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17
Q

Wilm’s tumor and brain tumor is an example of what?

A

pathological hypertrophy

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18
Q

a rare tumor of the kidney in children

A

Wilm’s tumor

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19
Q

increase in size of a body part or organ to compensate or make up for the loss of a similar or paired organ

A

compensatory hypertrophy

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20
Q

increase in size of a body part or organ by an increase in the total number of cells making it up.

A

hyperplasia

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21
Q

What type of change is hyperplasia?

A

Progressive tissue change

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22
Q

oat cell carcinoma is an example of

A

metaplasia

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23
Q

classifications of neoplasms

A

clinicalhistological

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24
Q

state of disease

A

clinical

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25
Q

types of states of disease (clinical)

A

benignmalignant

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26
Q

A suffix of “oma” generally means that it is a _____________ tumorNOT ALWAYS

A

benign

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27
Q

ALL malignant tumors left untreated will _______________

A

kill

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28
Q

generally a suffix of sarcoma or carcinoma

A

malignant

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29
Q

malignant tumor of epithelial tissue occurring in persons 45-60

A

carcinoma

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30
Q

breast cancer or lung cancer are examples of what type of tumor

A

carcinoma

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31
Q

bone cancer is an example of what type of tumor

A

sarcoma

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32
Q

malignant tumor or connective tissue in persons under 30

A

sarcoma

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33
Q

generally, a benign tumor will NOT…

A

kill you

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34
Q

tissue of origin; what tissue it originated first.Shown by its prefix or the stem of the word

A

histological

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35
Q

characteristics of benign neoplasms

A

a. Grow by expansion.b. Don’t metastasize - don’t spread.c. Don’t recur after surgery - removal or treatment.d. Don’t cause great tissue damage.e. Resemble original tissue of origin.

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36
Q

characteristics of malignant neoplasms

A

a. Grow by the called infiltrationb. Metastasize (spread)c. Can reoccur after surgery.d. Cause extensive tissue damage.e. No resemblance to original tissue of origin.

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37
Q

take over existing tissue

A

infiltration

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38
Q

process by which a malignancy spreads itself to other parts of the body. Usually by means of the lymph or blood stream

A

metastisize

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39
Q

Types of BENIGN neoplasms

A
  1. Epithelial tissue2. Muscle tissue3. Connective tissue4. Nervous tissue
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40
Q

lining tissue…also the inner most tissue

A

epithelial tissue

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41
Q

Types of BENIGN EPITHELIAL TISSUE…

A
  1. Adenoma2. Papilloma3. Nevus
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42
Q

glandular- a benign tumor of glandular epithelial

A

adenoma

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43
Q

a benign tumor of epithelial that appears as a pedestal “stalk-like” growth.

A

Papilloma

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44
Q

papilloma is also known as…

A

polyp

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45
Q

most frequently in the nasal cavity or intestinal track

A

papilloma

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46
Q

a benign pigmented tumor. a shade of brown or black. localized and well defined

A

nevus

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47
Q

nevus is also called…

A

mole

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48
Q

Types of BENIGN MUSCLE TISSUE

A
  1. Rhabdomyoma2. Leiomyoma
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49
Q

a benign tumor of tissue used for movement.

A

muscle tissue

50
Q

benign muscle tissue is also called…

A

myoma

51
Q

a benign tumor of skeletal muscle tissue

A

rhabdomyoma

52
Q

a benign tumor of sooth muscle tissue

A

leiomyoma

53
Q

Types of BENIGN CONNECTIVE TISSUE

A
  1. Osteoma2. Chondroma3. Lipoma4. Angioma5. Fibroma
54
Q

benign tumor of bone

A

osteoma

55
Q

benign tumor of cartilage.

A

chondroma

56
Q

cartilage is a form of…..

A

connective tissue

57
Q

a benign tumor of fatty connective tissue

A

lipoma

58
Q

a benign tumor of vascular tissue

A

angioma

59
Q

types of Angiomas

A
  1. Hemangioma2. Lymphangloma
60
Q

a benign tumor of blood vascular tissue

A

hemangioma

61
Q

example of hemangioma….usually a shade of red.

A

birthmarks

62
Q

a benign tumor of lymph vascular tissue….usually a shade of white or yellow.

A

lymphangloma

63
Q

a benign tumor of fibrous connective tissue

A

fibroma

64
Q

benign tumor that originates in the movement of neurons

A

nervous tissue

65
Q

benign nervous tissue is also called…

A

neuroma

66
Q

Types of MALIGNANT neoplasms

A
  1. Epithelial tissue2. Connective tissue3. Muscle tissue4. Nervous tissue
67
Q

indicate a malignant tumor that originates in any type of epithelial tissue

A

carcinoma

68
Q

types of carcinoma

A
  1. Melanoma2.Squamous cell3. Adenocarcinoma4. Transitional cell carcinoma5. Bascel cell carcinoma
69
Q

a malignant pigmented tumor.

A

melanoma

70
Q

(makes up skin tissue). A malignant tumor of squamous cell epithelia

A

squamous cell

71
Q

most common name given for squamous cell is …..

A

skin cancer

72
Q

Squamous cell is the most ________ reported form of _________________ in adults

A

frequentlymalignant tumors

73
Q

gland - a malignant tumor of glandular epithelia.

A

Adenocarcinoma

74
Q

most famous form of Adenocarcinoma…

A

breast cancer

75
Q

a malignant tumor of transitional cell epithelia

A

transitional cell carcinoma

76
Q

common form of transitional cell carcinoma

A

bladder cancer

77
Q

a malignant tumor of bascel cell epithelia tissue.

A

bascel cell carcinoma

78
Q

_______________ is the most lethal site of bascel cell carcinoma malignancy in ADULTS (MALE & FEMALE)

A

lung cancer

79
Q

______________is the most lethal site of bascel cell carcinoma malignancy in CHILDREN

A

Leukemia

80
Q

Type of MALIGNANT connective tissue

A

Sarcoma

81
Q

Types of Sarcoma

A
  1. Osteosarcoma2. Chondrosarcoma3. Liposarcoma4. Fibrosarcoma5. Angiosarcoma6. Lymphoma
82
Q

malignant tumor of bone

A

osteosarcoma

83
Q

example of osteosarcoma

A

bone cancer

84
Q

malignant tumor of cartilage

A

chondrosarcoma

85
Q

What is a benign tumor of connective tissue?

A

Chondroma

86
Q

malignant tumor of fatty connective tissue

A

liposarcoma

87
Q

What do you call a tumor that infiltrates fatty connective tissue?

A

liposarcoma

88
Q

malignant tumor of fibrous connective tissue

A

fibrosarcoma

89
Q

malignant tumor of vascular tissue- blood or lymph

A

angiosarcoma

90
Q

types of angiosarcoma

A
  1. Hemangiosarcoma2. Lymphangiosarcoma
91
Q

malignant tumor of blood vascular tissue

A

hemangiosarcoma

92
Q

malignant tumor of lymph vascular tissue

A

lymphangiosarcoma

93
Q

malignant tumor of lymphoid tissue

A

lymphoma

94
Q

Three tumors that end in “oma”, which indicates a malignant tumor

A
  1. Melanoma2. Lymphoma3. Glioma
95
Q

example of Lymphoma

A

Hodgkin’s disease

96
Q

an enlarged cervical lymphoid usually on the left side of the neck in young adult males

A

Hodgkin’s disease

97
Q

still has a malignant tumor, but it does not present itself in young males…malignant tumor in the spleen

A

Non-Hodgkin’s lymphoma

98
Q

The largest mass of lymphoid tissue in body is the_________

A

spleen

99
Q

the largest and most active lymphoid tissue during INFANCY is the ____________

A

thymus gland

100
Q

Sarcoma is also used for malignant tumor of ______________ as well as ____________.

A

muscle tissueconnective tissue

101
Q

Malignant muscle tissue also known as

A

myosarcoma

102
Q

Types of MALIGNANT muscle tissue

A
  1. Rhabdomyosarcoma2. Leiomyosarcoma
103
Q

malignant tumor of skeletal muscle tissue

A

Rhabdomyosarcoma

104
Q

malignant tumor of visceral (smooth) muscle tissue

A

Leiomyosarcoma

105
Q

example of Leiomyosarcoma

A

Esophageal cancer

106
Q

malignant tumor of the nervous tissue

A

glioma

107
Q

most common example of glioma is…

A

brain tumor

108
Q

type of cancer that DOES NOT end in sarcoma

A

Leukemia

109
Q

in adults, the leading cause of death resulting from cancer, regardless of sex is________

A

lung cancer

110
Q

most frequently reported malignant cancer…

A

skin cancer (squamous cell cancer)

111
Q

You can live longer with________

A

carcinoma

112
Q

Post-mortem conditions of malignant tumors

A
  1. Emaciation2. Discoloration3. Hemorrhage4. Tissue deformation5. Extravascular obstruction6. Dehydration
113
Q

Wasting away, loss of tissue. It is most noticeable in the temporal bone region.

A

Emaciation

114
Q

emaciation also known as

A

cachexia

115
Q

indicates liver dysfunction—a shade of green or yellow

A

jaundice

116
Q

wide spread pinpoint hemorrhages…petite or smallest of the hemorrhages. Seen in long term chemotherapeutic patients

A

purpura

117
Q

types of discoloration

A
  1. Jaundice2. Purpura
118
Q

loss of bloodcommon with brain tumors

A

hemorrhage

119
Q

tissue is deformed or eaten away

A

tissue deformation

120
Q

in the blood vascular system

A

extravascular obstruction

121
Q

example of extravascular obstruction

A

Wilm’s tumor

122
Q

rare form of cancer…cancer in the kidneys…commonly found in children

A

Wilm’s tumor

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