Pathogen and host: Immunity Flashcards
What capsule organism is resistant to phagocytosis
Strep pneumoniae
What organism is resistant to intracellular killing
Mycobacterium tuberculosis
Legionella pneumophila
Candida albicans (AIDS)
What is involved in monoclear phagocytic system
liver (clears bile to liver)
spleen (filters the blood)
lymph nodes (drains peripheral sites)
What is opsonisation
Organisms coated with antibody allowing immune system recognition,
In humeral response what is produced
antibodies (b cells)
In cellular response what is produced
T cells
What is an epitode
the part of an antigen molecule to which an antibody attaches itself
What does opsonisation allow
Increase in phagocyte efficiency
What are immunoglobulins
are the proteins with antibody activity
what are the 5 classes of immunoglobulins
- IgG - Gamma heavy chains
- IgM - Mu heavy chains
- IgA - Alpha heavy chains
- IgD - Delta heavy chains
- IgE - Epsilon heavy chains
IgA
Initial defence in mucosal against pathogen agents
IgM
Expressed in the surface of B-cells promoting phagocytosis and activate the complement system
IgE
Allergy and helminth infection
IgG
Moat abundant, promote phagocytosis in plasma and activate the complement system
What immunoglobulins are needed in compliment system
IgG or IgM
What happens to B lymphocytes when the recognise specific epitope
differentiate into plasma cells
What kind of T helper cells do by lymphocytes need
CD4+
Whats the most important proteins out of the 20 complement proteins
c1 - c9
what specificity does;
monoclonal antibody
polyclonal antibody
Single epitope specificity
Multiple specificity
What does antibody do in an infection
neutralises bacterial toxins
neutralises viruses (stop virus in the blood)
prevents adherence of microorganisms
Induce phagocytosis
What does complement do to gram -
lysis
What happens to complement by products
chemotactic, attract further WBC
What happens in cell mediated immunity with t helper cells
Macrophage present antigen MCH2 to T helper cell CD4 inducing cytokines production, activating macrophages
What does humoral immunity induce
inflammation
T helper cells functions
Cell mediated immunity by activating macrophages
help B cells antibody response
What happens to cytotoxic T-cells (CD8)
Combine with MHC1 antigen and if detect host is infected, kills the cell
