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Medicine Term One > Introduction to microbiology > Flashcards

Introduction to microbiology Flashcards

1
Q

what is the 5 possible infecting agents

A 
Bacteria
Viruses
Fungi
Parasites
Prions
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2
Q

What is a prion

A

type of protein that can trigger normal proteins in the brain to fold abnormally

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3
Q

What specimen type is collected for culture in Meningitis

A

cerebro spinal fluid

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4
Q

What specimen type is collected for culture in Bacteraemia

A

Blood culture

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5
Q

What is a bacteria in the blood called?

A

Bacteraemia

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6
Q

What specimen type is collected for culture in chest infection

A

Sputum

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7
Q

What specimen type is collected for culture in urinary tract infection

A

Midstream urine

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8
Q

What is a gram stain used to see

A

Bacterium and yeast/fungi

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9
Q

What isn’t visible in light microscope

A

Viruses

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10
Q

What is the difference between sterile and non sterile sites

A

Sterile easier to identify as only one organism present, where in non sterile other bacteria are present therefore harder to distinguish particular organism

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11
Q

Examples of sterile sites

A

Blood
CSF
Lung
Bladder

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12
Q

Examples of non-sterile sites

A

Skin
Nasopharynx
Urethra
Gut

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13
Q

Methods used for Diagnosis of viral infection

A 
PCR
Antigen detection
Cell/tissue culture inoculation 
serology 
Electron Microscopy
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14
Q

Diagnosis viral infection for malaria parasite

A

Microscopy of blood films

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15
Q

Diagnosis viral infection in your intestinal tract

A

parasites, cysts and ova in faeces

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16
Q

What is PCR

A

Multiple copies of DNA are made by the repeated action of polymerase

17
Q

What is serology

A

Testing blood serum for immunity in repose to pathogen

18
Q

Characteristic of Gram stain

A

Rapid and not sensitive

19
Q

What does unstained microscopy allow you to see

A 
Pus cells (urine CSF)
Parasites (faeces)
20
Q

What does ZN stain or auramine stain allow you to see

A

myobacteria (a bacterium of a group which includes the causative agents of leprosy and tuberculosis)

21
Q

What is the benefits of culture medium compared to microscopy

A

Conditions are suitable for expected species

and can identify particular species

22
Q

What is the benefit of microscopy to culture medium

A

Microscopy is rapid and insensitive

23
Q

How is a species identified

A

By its characteristics
DNA tests
Typing

24
Q

What does typing do

A

determines strain within a species, by creating DNA profile

25
Q

Examples of health care acquired infections

A

MRSA - cause blood poisoning
Clostridium difficile - infect the bowel and cause diarrhoea
Norovirus - stomach bugs

Medicine Term One (59 decks)

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