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Formative Revision > Pastest Neuro > Flashcards

Pastest Neuro Flashcards

1
Q

What does bilateral damage to hippocampus cause? (2)

A

Loss of capacity for new learning

Short term memory loss

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2
Q

When does DVLA allow patient to drive after first seizure (with normal imaging)?

A

6 months

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3
Q

Gradual onset tightness headache without neuro signs. Diagnosis?

A

Tension headache

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4
Q

Unilateral, unbearably painful headaches 1-2 times a day for weeks, followed by months of remission. Diagnosis?

A

Cluster headache

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5
Q

What lesion is suggested by fasciculation and atrophy?

A

Lower Motor Neurone Lesion

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6
Q

What lesion is suggested by weakness and spasticity?

A

Upper Motor Neurone Lesion

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7
Q

Charcot-Marie-Tooth syndrome is also known as?

A

Hereditary motor sensory neuropathy

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8
Q

Findings in Charcot-Marie-Tooth syndrome? (3)

A

Stamping gait
High arched feet
Foot drop

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9
Q

Most common vessel in extradural haemorrhage?

A

Middle Meningeal Artery

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10
Q

Headaches, fever, seizures, reduced conscious level. Diagnosis?

A

Encephalitis

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11
Q

Crescentic haematoma crosses suture lines. What is it?

A

Subdural

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12
Q

Elliptical haematoma, doesn’t cross suture lines. What is it?

A

Extradural haematoma

elliptical machine is quite an “extra” way of exercising

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13
Q

Which nerve supplies the buccinator muscle?

A

Facial nerve

hint buccinator is a muscle of facial expression

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14
Q

Which nerve & branch supplies masticatory muscles?

A

Mandibular division of Trigeminal

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15
Q

Head bleed in coagulopathy likely to be?

A

Acute subdural haematoma

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16
Q

Wrist drop caused by injury to which nerve?

A

Radial

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17
Q

What is nursemaid’s elbow?

A

Radial head subluxation (at elbow) causing injury to radial nerve

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18
Q

What test should be done concurrently with lumbar puncture for ?meningitis?

A

Glucose

19
Q

Why should glucose be tested concurrently with lumbar puncture?

A

Need to work out CSF:Plasma glucose ratio

20
Q

What is sensed by free nerve endings?

A

Fine touch, heat, cold, pain

Most stuff, not stuck in one area, freeeeee man

21
Q

What type of nerve ending senses fine touch, heat, cold and pain?

A

Free nerve endings

22
Q

What is sensed by Meissner’s corpuscles?

A

Low frequency vibration

23
Q

What type of nerve ending senses vibration?

A

Meissner’s corpuscles

24
Q

Main initial symptoms in Alzheimer’s? (3)

A

Memory loss
Loss of executive function
Agnosia

25
Q

What sort of thing is meant by executive function?

A

Planning, reasoning, problem solving etc

26
Q

What is agnosia

A

Inability to recognise objects

27
Q

Main initial symptoms in Fronto-Temporal Dementia? (2)

A

Disinhibition

Impulsivity

28
Q

Fluctuating mental state with good & bad days is probably?

A

Lewy Body Dementia

or delirium or chronic subdural haematoma or schizophrenia or drug use or ……………………

29
Q

Describe how someone with Vascular Dementia might walk?

A

Rapid stepping gait

Marche à petits pas
la démence vasculaire

30
Q

First line in Alzheimer’s disease?

A

Donepezil (prevents decline in cognition for 6mo)

31
Q

Treat subdural haematoma?

A

Burr hole drainage

32
Q

Pituitary deficiency with intracranial mass in child/adolescent. Most likely pathology?

A

Craniopharyngeoma

33
Q

Pituitary deficiency with intracranial mass in adult. Most likely pathology?

A

Pituitary adenoma

34
Q

Side effects of L-Dopa? (3)

A

Nausea
Confusion
Postural hypotension

35
Q

Adjuvant therapy in Parkinsons?

A

Bromocriptine (dopamine agonist)

Selegiline (MAOI B)

36
Q

Symptoms of normal pressure hydrocephalus? (3)

A

Triad:
Gait dyspraxia (leads to falls)
Fluctuating confusion
Urinary incontinence

37
Q

Symptoms of raised intracranial pressure (ICP)? (3)

A

Cushing’s Reflex Triad:
Bradycardia
BP Low
Breathing shallow

Can be caused by Brain Bleed

All the Bs! ICP> insane clown posse > clowns and Balloons with a B??????/

38
Q

Why is it best to do sequential sequencing of CSF?

A

Mitigates risk of Traumatic Tap

where blood from inserting tap contaminates samples

39
Q

What is Traumatic Tap & how do we avoid it affecting CSF Samples?

A

Blood from inserting tap contaminates samples

To avoid take sequential samples

40
Q

Alzheimer’s Disease adjuvant for insomnia?

A

Trazodone

41
Q

Define Normal Pressure Hydrocephalus (2)

A

Increased CSF in ventricles

CSF pressure normal on Lumbar Puncture

42
Q

First line treatment of Trigeminal Neuralgia?

A

Carbemazepine

43
Q

Kernig’s Sign positive suggests? (2)

A

Subarachnoid haemorrhage

Meningitis

Formative Revision (50 decks)

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