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Formative Revision > Neuro > Flashcards

Neuro Flashcards

1
Q

Which spinal tract functions to sense fine touch, pressure and vibration?

A

Dorsal Column Medial Lemniscus

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2
Q

Which spinal tract functions to sense pain and temperature?

A

Spinothalamic tract

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3
Q

Which spinal tract excites flexor muscles and inhibits extensor muscles of the upper body?

A

Rubro-spinal tract

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4
Q

Sensory loss on the outer aspect of forearm and arm including the thumb, plus weakness in flexing elbow. Root level affected?

A

C6

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5
Q

Where does blood accumulate in rupture of the bridging vein?

A

Between dura and arachnoid

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6
Q

Where does blood accumulate in rupture of posterior communicating artery aneurysm?

A

Between arachnoid and pia

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7
Q

Where does blood accumulate in rupture of the middle meningeal artery?

A

Between dura and pterion (skull)

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8
Q

Acute numbness, decreased sensation on one side of body. 80, HTN. Type of stroke?

A

Lacunar

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9
Q

What anatomical area contains the primary auditory complex?

A

Superior temporal gyrus

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10
Q

What anatomical area controls the temperature of the body?

A

Hypothalamus

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11
Q

What anatomical area contains the oculomotor nucleus?

A

Midbrain

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12
Q

What type of fibres are carried by anterior nerve rootlets?

A

Motor fibres

an ANT runs about- motor

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13
Q

What type of fibres are carried by posterior nerve rootlets?

A

Sensory fibres

poSterior- SenSory

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14
Q

Multiple Sclerosis CSF finding?

A

Unmatched oligoclonal bands

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15
Q

Thunderclap headache diagnosis

A

Subarachnoid haemorrhage

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16
Q

Xanthochromatic CSF from Lumbar Puncture

A

Subarachnoid Haemorrhage

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17
Q

Lucid period after head trauma, then sudden collapse

A

Extradural haemorrhage

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18
Q

Cogwheel rigidity

A

Parkinson’s

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19
Q

Raised CK suggests what neurological disorder?

A

Muscular Dystrophy

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20
Q

Toe walker, positive Gower’s sign

Diagnosis?

A

Duchenne Muscular Dystrophy

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21
Q

Mask like facies

A

Parkinson’s

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22
Q

Fluctuating cognitive deficit (2)

Diagnosis?

A

Lewy Body Dementia,

Delirium

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23
Q

Vivid non threatening hallucinations (eg children or animals)

A

Lewy Body Dementia

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24
Q

Acute onset fluctuating cognitive disturbance

Diagnosis?

25
Q

Memory and personality problems, history of CVD

Diagnosis?

A

Vascular Dementia

26
Q

Stepwise progression of neurological symptoms

Diagnosis?

A

Vascular Dementia (progressive mini strokes)

27
Q

Pain on loud noise

Diagnosis?

A

Facial Nerve Palsy

Bell’ palsy, stapedius muscle paralysed

28
Q

Painful third nerve palsy

Pathology?

A

Aneurysm

3rd nerve supplies AO occulomotor muscles
SO4-LR6-AO3

29
Q

Myalgia
Myositis
Myoglobulinaemia & Myoglobulinuria

Diagnosis?

A

Rhabdomyolysis

my my my what have we here

30
Q

Weakness
Frontal balding
Cataracts
Ptosis

A

Myotonic Dystrophy

31
Q

Typical Myotonic Dystrophy patient? (2)`

A

In 30s, positive FHx

32
Q

Leg symptoms

Midline shift of brain material

A

Falcine herniation

33
Q

Back pain worse on coughing

A

Slipped disc

34
Q

Headache worse on coughing

A

Posterior fossa issue

35
Q

Bilateral sciatica
Male sexual dysfunction
Reduced anal tone

Diagnosis?

A

Cauda equina syndrome

36
Q

First line pharmacological migraine prophylaxis options (3)

A

Propanolol
Topiramate
Amitriptyline

37
Q

Second line pharmacological migraine prophylaxis options (4)

A

Sodium valproate
Gapapentin
Pregabalin
Pizotifen

38
Q

When to move onto second line pharmacological migraine prophylaxis?

A

After 3 months

39
Q

Injury upper to brachial plexus

presentation

A

Erb’s palsy (waiters tip)

40
Q

Sign in Erb’s palsy

A

waiter’s tip

41
Q

Injury to lower brachial plexus presentation

A

Klumpke’s palsy (claw hand)

42
Q

Hand sign in Klumpke’s palsy

43
Q

Positive Simmond’s test is diagnostic of what

A

Achilles tendon rupture

44
Q

Micrographia is seen in what condition?

A

Parkinson’s

or basal ganglia degeneration

45
Q

What is meant by the symptom called Micrographia?

A

Small handwriting

Parkinson’s or basal ganglia degeneration

46
Q

Essential tremor is worsened by?

47
Q

Resting tremor is worsened by?

48
Q

Main risk factors for Idiopathic Intracranial Hypertension? (2)

A

Obesity

Female sex

49
Q

Clinical examinations for Carpal Tunnel Syndrome? (2)

A

Tinel’s test

Pain on raising thumb from palm to sky

50
Q

Symptoms of Cubital Tunnel Syndrome? (2)

A

Ring & Pinky finger numbness
Can’t cross fingers (dorsal interossei)

Ulnar nerve problem

51
Q

What nerve is affected by Cubital Tunnel Syndrome?

52
Q

First step in patient with seizures poorly controlled by drugs?

A

Check compliance

53
Q

Damaged cervical spine. How to secure airway?

A

Jaw jerk

as can’t do normal head tilt chin lift

54
Q

What nerve is affected by Midshaft humerus fracture?

A

Radial nerve

Radial Wraps Round

55
Q

What should be assessed first if Guillain Barre Syndrome is Suspected?

A

Assess vital capacity- penchant for affecting respiratory muscles

56
Q

Why is dipyridamole not used often?

A

Superseded by Clopidogrel

57
Q

Query TIA, drug treatment?

A

300mg Aspirin STAT

Get checked by Neurologist to confirm

58
Q

Confirmed TIA, drug treatment?

A

Clopidogrel (300mg leading, 75g per day)

59
Q

TIA with Atrial Fibrillation, drug treatment?

A

Anticoagulation, eg Warfarin

Formative Revision (50 decks)

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