cOGtext Flashcards
Uncomplicated gonorrhoea treatment?
IM ceftriaxone
Which types of HPV are associated with genital warts?
6 and 11
Which types of HPV are associated with cancer?
16 and 18
How is primary and secondary syphilis diagnosed?
PCR of swab
Incubation period for chlamydia?
3-21 days
In HIV patients, risk of opportunistic infections is greatly increased below what CD4 count?
200
Define HAART HIV treatment?
Highly Active Anti- Retroviral Treatment
3 drugs from 2 drug classes to which virus is susceptible
What is a cephalohaematoma in newborn?
Collection of blood between a baby’s scalp and skull, does not cross suture lines
Swelling in parietal region of newborn which does not cross the suture lines
Cephalohaematoma
How long does it take for a cephalohaematoma to go away?
Up to 3 months
Average rate of cervical dilation expected in primiparous mother?
1cm/hr
Respiratory distress, hypoxia, and hypotension during labour. Diagnosis?
Amniotic fluid embolism
Best option to induce pregnancy in closed firm cervix?
Vaginal prostaglandins
What treatment change should happen in pregnant woman with T2DM?
Convert from oral tablets to insulin therapy
What is first line in treating hypertensive disorders of pregnancy?
Labetalol
How soon after abortion can IUD and IUS be inserted?
Immediately
What volume of amniotic fluid is classed as Polyhydramnios?
> 2litres
How and when to monitor pregnant woman with history of gestational diabetes? (2)
OGTT at booking
OGTT at 24-26 weeks
STI organism: intracellular gram-negative diplococci
Neisseria Gonorrhoeae
STI organism: intracellular gram-negative rods
Chlamydia Trachomatis
Neisseria Gonorrhoeae. Describe organism
Intracellular gram-negative diplococci
Chlamydia Trachomatis: Describe organism
Intracellular gram-negative rods
Classic renal pathology in sickle cell anaemia?
Renal papillary necrosis
sickle cells infarct in kidney
How to investigate tubal patency in patients with known co-morbidities (like previous ectopic, PID, endometriosis)?
Laparoscopy and dye
dye will leak out of non-patent tubes
Is Factor V Leiden a Haemophilic or Thrombophilic disorder?
Thrombophilic (slightly increased tendency to clot)
Is von Willebrand disease a Haemophilic or Thrombophilic disorder?
Haemophilic (increased tendency to bleed)
When to induce labour for macrosomia?
Don’t need to induce, no benefit in doing so
Gold standard investigation of endometriosis?
Laparoscopy
Definitive Tx for Adenomyosis?
Hysterectomy
What is adenomyosis?
Endometrial tissue grows within layers of myometrium
What are the symptoms of adenomyosis? (3)
Identical to endometriosis
Dyspareunia
Dysmenorrhoea
Subfertility
What are the symptoms of endometriosis? (3)
(Identical to adenomyosis)
Dyspareunia
Dysmenorrhoea
Subfertility
Name a test that must be done in all women with heavy menstrual bleeding
FBC
Ehler’s Danlos Syndrome presents with joint hypermobility and elastic skin. What else?
Bruising and bleeding with normal haematological findings
Hepatosplenomegaly
Generalised Lymphadenopathy
New bruising
Must suspect what Dx in children?
Haematological malignancy
Hearing loss worse in pregnancy. Likely Dx?
Otosclerosis
What happens in otosclerosis?
Stapes fuses into surrounding bone
Pathological fracture at what vertebral level suggests malignant rather than osteoporotic change?
T4 or above
Pathological fracture at level T4 or above suggests what cause of weakened vertebrae?
Malignancy
What test is raised in Acromegaly?
IGF-1
IGF-1 is raised in what disorder?
Acromegaly
What volume of blood defines a major PPH?
More than 1000ml
Within what timeframe is a bleed termed primary PPH?
<24hrs after birth
Within what timeframe is a bleed termed secondary PPH?
> 24hrs after birth
How much blood is a mild PPH?
> 500ml- 1000ml
What does APGAR stand for?
Appearance Pulse Grimace Activity Respiration
What is the commonest ovarian cancer?
Epithelial carcinoma (90%)
Name a high risk factor for ovarian cancer
Early menarche