AFT

Question 1

Newborn vomiting green mild vomitus. Not projectile vomiting. Likely diagnosis?

Answer 1

Volvulus secondary to malrotation

Always investigate bile coloured vomit

Question 2

Newborn projectile vomiting, constipated & hungry. Likely diagnosis?

Answer 2

Pyloric stenosis

Question 3

Effortless vomiting after every feed in baby

Answer 3

Gastro-oesophageal Reflux

normal, found in 30% babies in 1st year

Question 4

What is diagnostic of proliferative diabetic retinopathy?

Answer 4

New vessel growth at disc

Question 5

Anti-CCP antibodies suggests?

Answer 5

Rheumatoid arthritis

Question 6

Conscious choking baby. Intervention?

Answer 6

Chest thrusts

Question 7

What is the most biologically active form of thyroid hormone?

Answer 7

T3

Question 8

Which nerve is most at risk in submandibular gland removal?

Answer 8

Marginal mandibular nerve (branch of facial nerve)

Question 9

Which nerve is most at risk in lower wisdom tooth (3rd molar) extraction?

Answer 9

Inferior alveolar nerve

Question 10

What type of cell makes up the periphery of a thyroid follicle?

Answer 10

Follicular cells

Question 11

What are thyroid follicles filled with?

Answer 11

Colloid

a liquid which contains thyroglobulin

Question 12

Malaise, fever, painful mouth erosion and desquamation. Likely diagnosis?

Answer 12

Toxic Epidermal Necrolysis

often a drug reaction

Question 13

Name the symptom: Painful nodular shin bruising

Answer 13

Erythema nodosum

Question 14

Which drugs can cause erythema nodosum? (3)

Answer 14

Oral contraceptives
Penicillins
Sulphonamide antibiotics

Question 15

What skin condition can beta-blockers precipitate or aggravate?

Answer 15

Psoriasis

Question 16

Newborn vomiting green mild vomitus. Not projectile vomiting. Imaging?

Answer 16

Plain film AXR

for malrotation & volvulus

Question 17

Newborn projectile vomiting, constipated & hungry. Imaging?

Answer 17

Abdominal ultrasound

for pyloric stenosis

Question 18

What sign is pathognomic of alopecia areata?

Answer 18

Exclamation mark hairs

Question 19

In regard to Basic Life Support, when should a lone rescuer phone for help?

Answer 19

On determining patient is not breathing normally and has no signs of life

i.e. when patient is in cardiac arrest

Question 20

What is Finkelstein’s test for?

Answer 20

DeQuervain’s Tenosynovitis

Question 21

Describe Finkelstein’s test

Answer 21

Examiner grasps thumb and ulnarly deviates it (into palm)

Pain along radial forearm/ over radial styloid process= positive

Question 22

What happens in DeQuervain’s Tenosynovitis?

Answer 22

Thickening and inflammation of the sheath containing:
Extensor Pollicis Brevis &
Abductor Pollicis Longus tendons

Question 23

What antibodies are highly diagnostic of SLE?

Answer 23

Anti-dsDNA antibody

Question 24

Investigation in displaced nasal fracture?

Answer 24

None

Clinical decision whether to manipulate fracture

Question 25

How is the anatomy of the paranasal sinuses best demonstrated?

Answer 25

CT scan

Question 26

High energy comminuted fracture of vertebral body. Name?

Answer 26

Burst fracture

Question 27

What pathology can cause neurogenic itch? (3)

Answer 27

Systemic disease e.g.

Organ failure (Renal/liver)
Thyroid disease
Malignancy

Question 28

What is neurogenic itch?

Answer 28

Itch caused by an effect on CNS receptors, but without nerve involvement.

e.g. due to endogenous opioids

Question 29

What usually causes croup?

Answer 29

Para-influenzae virus

Question 30

Sudden painless central vision loss in elderly patient. Most likely diagnosis?

Answer 30

Wet ARMD

Question 31

What congenital infection causes deafness in infant?

Answer 31

Cytomegalovirus infection in early pregnancy

Question 32

When roughly is congenital deafness usually noticed?

Answer 32

2 years old

Question 33

Visual acuity in legally blind patients?

Answer 33

6/60

i.e. can only read top letter on Snellen chart

Question 34

Which branch of the ophthalmic division of the trigeminal nerve is associated with corneal sensitisation?

Answer 34

Naso-cilliary nerve

Question 35

How many ribs are visible on a well-inspired PA chest X-ray?

Answer 35

6

Question 36

Painful neck swelling is most commonly?

Answer 36

Thyroiditis

pain due to inflammation of thyroid

Question 37

Traumatic anterior shoulder dislocation of young patient. Treatment? (3)

Answer 37

Closed reduction (+ sedative/ analgesia)
Sling
Mobilise after 4 weeks

Question 38

Which seronegative arthropathy is renal failure associated with?

Answer 38

Gout

Question 39

How is E. Coli 0157 diagnosed?

Answer 39

Stool culture

Question 40

Most common cause of epiglottitis?

Answer 40

H. influenzae type B

Question 41

When is lumbar puncture contraindicated? (2)

Answer 41

Deranged clotting
Increased ICP

Therefore screen before performing procedure

Question 42

What typically occurs 2 years after the onset of puberty in girls?

Answer 42

Menarche

Question 43

Sudden onset vision loss in diabetic patient. Likely pathology?

Answer 43

Retinal haemorrhage

Question 44

Gradual onset vision loss in diabetic patient. Likely pathology?

Answer 44

Worsening background diabetic retinopathy

Question 45

Shoulder stiffness and worsening bilateral vision loss. Likely pathology?

Answer 45

Temporal arteritis (GCA)- eye pathology

Polymyalgia rheumatica- muscle pathology

Strong association between the two