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BACTERIOLOGY > Part II: Gram Positive Cocci (Streptococci) > Flashcards

Part II: Gram Positive Cocci (Streptococci) Flashcards

1
Q

Gram (+) cocci in chains/spherical to ovoid

A

STREPTOCOCCI

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2
Q

STREPTOCOCCI : Catalase

A

-

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3
Q

STREPTOCOCCI : Motility and Special Requirement

A

Non motile
Capnophilic

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4
Q

Starting point in Streptococci Identification:

A

Hemolysis in BAP

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5
Q

Selective Media of Streptococci

A

Phenyl ethyl agar (PEA)

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6
Q

Medium of choice in Streptococci

A

Sheep’s Blood Agar

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7
Q

presumptive test for CATALASE (-); GRAM (+) COCCI

A

LAP (LEUCINE AMINO PEPTIDASE) Test

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8
Q

LAP : Substrate

A

Leucine-beta-napthylamide

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9
Q

LAP: Reagent

A

Cinnamaldehyde

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10
Q

LAP:

(+)(-) Result

A

(+) Red
(-) no color/yellow

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11
Q

classifiesStreptococci according to hemolysis that they
produce on BAP

A

Smith and Brown Classification

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12
Q

Can cause incomplete/partial
hemolysis on BAP

Greening of Agar

A

Alpha hemolysis

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13
Q

Can cause complete
hemolysis on BAP

Clear zones around colonies

A

Beta Hemolysis

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14
Q

Does not cause
hemolysis

A

Gamma hemolysis

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15
Q
  • most significant
    in identifying and classifying Beta Hemolytic Streptococci;
A

LANCEFIELD CLASSIFICATION

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16
Q

based on the extraction of C
carbohydrate from the Streptococcal cell wall

A

LANCEFIELD CLASSIFICATION

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17
Q

A.k.a. Group A Beta hemolytic Streptococci

A

S. pyogenes

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18
Q

Known as major throat pathogen

A

S. pyogenes

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19
Q

S. pyogenes : Clinical Significance

A
  1. Pharyngitis
  2. Scarlet Fever
  3. Necrotizing fascitis
  4. Erysipelas
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20
Q

Known as flesh-eating bacteria

A

S. pyogenes

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21
Q

Continuous Streptococcal infection may lead to

A

Rheumatic fever
Acute Glomerulonephritis (AGN)

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22
Q

S. pyogenes: Media for Initial isolation

A

Sheep’s blood agar

23
Q

S. pyogenes : PYR test

A

Positive

24
Q

PYR test reagent

A

N-n-dimethylaminocinnamaldehyde

25
Q

PYR test (+) Result

A

RED

26
Q

S. pyogenes :

PYR test
Bacitracin Test
Camp’s Test
Sulfamethoxazole Test

A

PYR test - POS
Bacitracin Test - SUSCEPTIBLE
Camp’s Test - NEG
Sulfamethoxazole Test - RESISTANT

27
Q

S. pyogenes : VIRULENCE FACTOR

● Major virulence factor
● Prevents phagocytosis

A

M protein

28
Q

S. pyogenes : VIRULENCE FACTOR

Oxygen Labile
Causes sub-surface hemolysis
Occurs anaerobically
Antigenic/Immunogenic

A

Streptolysin O

29
Q

S. pyogenes : VIRULENCE FACTOR

Oxygen stable
Causes surface hemolysis
Occurs aerobically
Non-antigenic

A

Streptolysin S

30
Q

S. pyogenes : VIRULENCE FACTOR

● Promotes attachment to
ET (epithelial) cells

A

PROTEIN F

31
Q

S. pyogenes : VIRULENCE FACTOR

Once released, it causes
rashes in scarlet fever

A

ERYTHROGENIC TOXIN/PYROGENIC TOXIN

32
Q

S. pyogenes : VIRULENCE FACTOR

Spreading factor

A

Hyaluronidase

33
Q

S. pyogenes : VIRULENCE FACTOR

Promotes fibrinolysis; dissolution of clots

A

Streptokinase

34
Q

Detects immunity for Scarlet Fever

A

Dick’s Test

35
Q

Dicks Test (+) Result

A

Erythema (Redness in site of injection)

36
Q

Test to confirm if the Erythema is caused by Scarlet fever or not

A

Shultz Charlton Test / Blanche Phenomenon

37
Q

Shultz Charlton Test / Blanche Phenomenon (+) result

A

Fading of rashes within 6-8 hrs (MEANING: RASHES IS NOT CAUSED BY SCARLET FEVER)

38
Q

SCHULTZ CHARLTON TEST involves injecting

A

Anti-erythrogenic toxin

39
Q

Beta Hemolytic streptococci that is #1 caused of NEONATAL MENGITIS

A

S. agalactiae

40
Q

S. agalactiae is known to cause ________ in adults

A

Postpartum endometritis

41
Q

Method to detect genital carriage by S.agalactiae in pregnant woman

A

Todd Hewitt

42
Q

Major Virulence Factor of S.agalactiae

A

Capsule

43
Q

S.agalactiae is CAMP

A

CAMP (+)

44
Q

CAMP test uses what media

A

Blood Agar Plate

45
Q

CAMP TEST

Known organism
Unknown organism

A

Known organism: S. aureus
Unknown organism: S. agalactiae

46
Q

CAMP TEST Positive Result shows

A

Enhanced hemolysis (arrow head-beta hemolysis)

47
Q

CAMP TEST Negative Result shows

A

No enhanced hemolysis

48
Q

Test used for the detection of S.agalactiae that hydrolyze sodium hippurate by HIPPURICASE enzyme

A

Hippurate Hydrolysis test

49
Q

When sodium hippurate is hydrolyzed what are the products formed? (2)

A
  1. Benzoic Acid
  2. Glycine
50
Q

Hippurate Hydrolysis Indicator (2)

  1. Benzoic Acid
  2. Glycine
A
  1. Benzoic Acid - Ferric Chloride
  2. Glycine - Ninhydrin
51
Q

Hippurate Hydrolysis Test that is more rapid

A

Glycine - Ninhydin

52
Q

Hippurate Hydrolysis Test that is slow

A

Benzoic Acid - Ferric Chloride

53
Q

S. agalactiae

PYR:
Bacitracin Susceptibility:
SXT Susceptibility:

A

PYR: NEGATIVE
Bacitracin Susceptibility: RESISTANT
SXT Susceptibility: RESISTANT

54
Q

CAMP TEST manner of streaking

A

perpendicular streak

BACTERIOLOGY (25 decks)

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