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BACTERIOLOGY > I: Gram Negative Bacilli > Flashcards

I: Gram Negative Bacilli Flashcards

1
Q

Enterobacteriaceae are

CPON NO GF FA

A

Catalase Positive
Oxidase Negative
Nitrate Reduction Positive
Glucose Fermentation
Facultative Anaerobe

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2
Q

Enterobacteriaceae are MOTILE; EXCEPT FOR (2)

A

Klebsiella and Shigella

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3
Q

Type of Flagella present in Enterobacteriaceae

A

Peritrichous Flagella

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4
Q

Listeria and Y. Enterocolitica are motile in ___ and NON-MOTILE IN ________

A

Motile in ROOM TEMPERATURE
Non Motile 37 Deg Celsius

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5
Q

Enterobacteriaceae are Catalase (+) EXCEPT

A

Shigella ; S.dysenteriae

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6
Q

Enterobacteriaceae can reduce Nitrate to Nitrite EXCEPT

A

Erwinia
Pantonea agglomerans

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7
Q

Antigenic Structure:

Heat-LABILE
Capsular Antigen
Carrier

A

K Antigen

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8
Q

Antigenic Structure:

Salmonellae have capsular (K) antigen known as

A

Vi antigen

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9
Q

Antigenic Structure:

Somatic Antigen
Cell wall
Heat-STABLE

A

O antigen

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10
Q

Antigen Structure:

Flagella
denatured by Alcohol/heat
agglutinate with anti-H antibodies

A

H Antigens

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11
Q

O antigen, antibodies are predominantly

A

IgM (Acute/Active Infection)

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12
Q

H antigens, antibodies are predominantly

A

IgG (past infection)

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13
Q

Rapid Lactose Fermenters

A

EKE

Escherichia
Klebsiella
Enterobacter

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14
Q

Late Lactose Fermenters

A

Cit Ser Yer Haf Sa Shir is late

Citrobacter
Serratia
Yersinia enterocolitica
Hafnia
Salmonella arizonae
Shigella sonnei

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15
Q

Non-Lactose Fermenters

A

Sobrang Sarap PEPE Mo

Shigella
Salmonella
Proteus
Edwardsiella
Providencia
Erwinia
MOrganella

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16
Q

Rapid Lactose Fermenters that causes

UTI - 90%
Sepsis
Meningitis - Infants
Diarrheal Disease

A

Escherichia

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17
Q

Rapid Lactose Fermenters

Most common cause of UTI in humans

A

UPEC
Uropathogenic E.coli

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18
Q

Rapid Lactose Fermenters

UPEC virulence factors (3)

A

Pili
Cytolysins
Aerobactin

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19
Q

Rapid Lactose Fermenters

UPEC: VF that is responsible for adherence to epithelial cells

A

Pili

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20
Q

Rapid Lactose Fermenters

UPEC: VF that is responsible for inhibiting IMMUNE EFFECTOR CELLS

A

Cytolysin

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21
Q

Rapid Lactose Fermenters

UPEC: VF that is responsible for chelating iron

A

Aerobactin

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22
Q

Rapid Lactose Fermenters

Escherichia that Produces HEAT LABILE/HEAT STABLE TOXINS that resides in Plasmid

A

ETEC
Enterotoxigenic E.coli

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23
Q

Rapid Lactose Fermenters

ETEC:
toxin that similarly related with CHOLERA TOXIN

A

Labile Toxin

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24
Q

Rapid Lactose Fermenters

ETEC:
toxin that result to intestinal fluid secretion by stimulating GUANYLATE CYCLASE

A

Stable Toxin

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25
Q

Rapid Lactose Fermenters

Type of E.coli that causes:

Montezuma’s Revenge
Traveler’s diarrhea
Childhood diarrhea

A

Enterotoxigenic E.coli (ETEC)

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26
Q

Rapid Lactose Fermenters

Type of E.coli Invades Intestinal Epithelium causing SHIGELLA-LIKE INFECTION

A

EIEC
EnteroInvasive E.coli

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27
Q

Rapid Lactose Fermenters

Causes Dysentery in young Children living in areas with of POOR SANITATION

A

EIEC
EnteroInvasive E.coli

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28
Q

Rapid Lactose Fermenters

EIEC is characterized with Explosive stool; due to acid ______ with the presence of _____ CFU/mL

A
  1. Acid SENSITIVITY
  2. 100,000 CFU/mL
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29
Q

Rapid Lactose Fermenters

E.coli characterized with stool with RBC, NEUTROPHILS and mucus

A

EIEC
EnteroInvasive E.coli

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30
Q

Rapid Lactose Fermenters

Type of E.coli:
- Non-invasive
- No toxin
- Nosocomial (Newborn and Infants)

A

EPEC
Enteropathogenic E.coli

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31
Q

Rapid Lactose Fermenters

Type of E.coli:
- Characterized with Watery diarrhea with mucus but W/O BLOOD

A

EPEC
Enteropathogenic E.coli

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32
Q

Rapid Lactose Fermenters

Type of E.coli that produces Verotoxin, toxin that resembles S. DYSENTERIAE

A

EHEC/VTEC
Enterohemorrhagic E.coli
Verotoxic E.coli

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33
Q

It has a cytotoxic effect on the Vero cells of the kidney of African green monkey

A

Verotoxin

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34
Q

Most Severe manifestation of EHEC/VTEC

A

HUS
Hemorrhagic Uremic Syndrome

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35
Q

E.coli Most frequently associated with E.coli O157:H7

A

EHEC/VTEC

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36
Q

Only strains that is NEGATIVE on SMAC (Sorbitol Macconkey Agar)

A

Colorless
E.coli O157:H7

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37
Q

Rapid Lactose Fermenters

E.coli that involves:

Binding Pili
Stable toxin like
Hemolysin like

Causes: Watery diarhea

A

EAEC
Enteroaggregative E.coli

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38
Q

Rapid Lactose Fermenters

Exhibit mucoid growth; Large Polysaccharide capsule

A

Klebsiella

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39
Q

Rapid Lactose Fermenters

Klebsiella spp;
- Friedlander’s bacillus
- Encapsulated
- Mucoid colonies

A

K. pneumoniae

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40
Q

Rapid Lactose Fermenter

Klebsiella spp.
- purulent sinus infection

A

K. Ozaenae

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41
Q

Rapid Lactose Fermenter

Klebsiella spp.
- granuloma in nose and nasophranyx

A

K. rhinoscleromatis

42
Q

Rapid Lactose Fermenter

Klebsiella spp. is associated with ESBL (Extended Spectrum Beta-Lactamase)

T/F

43
Q

Rapid Lactose Ferments

Associated with Opportunistic infections: UTI, RT, Wound infections

A

Enterobacter

44
Q

Rapid Lactose Fermenter

Enterobacter: Most predominant Isolate

A

E. cloacae

45
Q

Rapid Lactose Fermenter

Enterobacter that produces yellow pigmentation that intensifies at 25 deg C.

A

E. sakazakii
( now: Chromobacter sakazakii )

46
Q

LOA

+ - -

A

K. pneumoniae
K. oxytocoa
S. typhi

47
Q

LOA

+ + -

A

E. Aerogenes

48
Q

LOA

Neg Pos Pos

A

E. cLoacae

49
Q

LOA
- - -

A

P. agglomerans

50
Q

Outbreak of septicemia resulting from CONTAMINATED INTRAVENOUS FLUID

A

Pantoea agglomerans

51
Q

Pantoea agglomerans serotype that produces yellow pigment; PRIMARILY A PLANT PATHOGEN

A

Pantoea agglomerans HG XII

52
Q

Triple Decarboxylase Negative

A

E. agglomerans

53
Q

Triple Enzyme (+)
- DNAse
- Lipase
- Gelatinase

54
Q

Serratia is ONPG (+) EXCEPT:

A

S. fonticola

55
Q

Serratia spp.

S. marcescens, S. rubidaea, S.plymuthica produces pink-red pigment due to _____ when incubated at Room Temperature

56
Q
  • Mostly significant Serratia
  • Infection of Urinary and Respiratory
  • Bacteremic outbreaks
  • Septic arthritis
A

S. marcescens

57
Q

Serratia associated with OSTEOMYELITIS found following motorcycle accident

A

S. plymuthica

58
Q

Serratia emits dirty, musty odor like that of potatoes

A

S. odorifera

59
Q

Tribe Salmonellae

A

Salmonellae
Citrobacter
Arizonae

60
Q

Organisms resemble Salmonella but ONPG positive and LDC negative

A

Citrobacter

61
Q
  • Citrobacter associated with Endocarditis in Intravenous drug abusers
  • 80% produces Hydrogen Sulfide
  • 50% fail to ferment lactose
A

Citrobacter freundii

62
Q

Salmonella and Citrobacter are differentiated through (2)

A
  • Urea Hydrolysis
  • Lysine Decarboxylase
63
Q

Salmonella VS Citrobacter
Urea Hydrolysis (+)
Lysine Decarboxylase (-)
KCN Agar (+)

A

C. freundii

64
Q

Salmonella VS Citrobacter
Urea Hydrolysis (-)
Lysine Decarboxylase (+)
KCN Agar (-)

A

Salmonella

65
Q

Citrobacter causes nursery outbreaks of neonatal miningitis and brain abcess

66
Q

Sources of infection:

Water, Milk, Dairy products, shellfish, dried or frozen eggs, meat, household pets

A

Salmonella

67
Q

Bacteria that is acquired from water, dairy products, meats;

  • causes Enteritis, Systemic infection, Enteric Fever
A

Salmonella

68
Q

Salmonella

Serogroup A

A

S. paratyphi A

69
Q

Salmonella

Serogroup B

A

S. paratyphi B

70
Q

Salmonella

Serogroup C

A

S. cholerasuis

71
Q

Salmonella

Serogroup D

A

S. enterica serotype Typhi

72
Q

Salmonella that causes bacteremia

A

S. cholerasuis

73
Q

Most common manifestation of salmonella infection

A

Enterocolitis/Gastroenteritis

74
Q

Salmonella spp that causes Enterocolitis/Gastroenteritis

A

S. typhimurium

75
Q

Milk borne disease of Cow

76
Q

Milk borne disease of man

77
Q

Non-motile Salmonella spp.

A

S. pullorum
S. gallinarum

78
Q

Tube dilution agglutination test for SALMONELLA

A

Widal’s Test

79
Q

Widal’s Test

Specimen:
Interval:

A

Specimen: 2 serum
Interval: 7-10 days

80
Q

Widal’s Test

High or Rising Titer of
O > 1:160

A

Acute/Active Infection

81
Q

Widal’s Test

High or Rising Titer of
H > 1:160

A

Past Infection/Immunization

82
Q

Widal’s Test

Highest titer of Vi antigen

83
Q

A state by which the individual recovers from infection but harbors the organisms in GALLBLADDER (chronic carriage)

A

Carrier State

84
Q

The carrier state may be terminated by

A

Antimicrobial Therapy

85
Q

Widal’s Test (Carrier State Specimen)

1st Week
2nd Week
3rd Week

A

1st Week - Blood
2nd Week - Urine/Stool
3rd Week - Serum

86
Q

Gold Standard Specimen for Widal’s Test

A

Bone marrow aspirate

87
Q

Biochemically inert, natural habitat is limited to intestinal tracts of Humans.

Produces BACILLARY DYSENTERY

88
Q

Shigella

Stool with blood, mucus, pus

89
Q

Shigella

Seizures, HUS, associated with S. dysenteriae

A

Shigellosis

90
Q

SHIGELLA SPP

Si Sonnei BC mag FB kaya na DA

Catalase (-)
ONPG (+)/late
Mannitol (-)

A

Sonnei - Group type D
Boydii - Group Type C
Flexneri - Group Type B
Dysenteriae - Group type A

Catalase (-) - Dysenteriae
ONPG (+)/late - Sonnei
Mannitol (-) - Dysenteriae

91
Q

Produce infections when they leave intestinal tract;

UTI, Bacteremia, pneumonia, nosocomial Infections

92
Q

Proteus that exhibits swarming motility

A

P. mirabilis
P. vulgaris

93
Q

Part of PPM tribe that is associated with Satghorn stones, Struvite, Ammonium Mg Phosphate/ Renal Stone

94
Q

OX-2
OX-19

are strains from

A

P. vulgaris

95
Q

OX-K are strains from

A

P. mirabilis

96
Q

Proteus

Acquired A phenomenon

A

P. mirabilis

97
Q

Proteus

Acquired B phenomenon

A

P. Vulgaris, E.coli 086

98
Q

Proteus

OX-K

99
Q

Swarming non-hemolytic

100
Q

swarming beta-hemoyltic

A

Clostridium septicum

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