Gram (+) Bacilli: MYCOBACTERIUM

Question 1

Koch bacillus
Gram ghost/Gram neutral

Virulence factor:
Cord factor (Ser-pentine) & Sulfatides

Answer 1

M. tuberculosis

Question 2

Resistance M. tuberculosis:

Drying:
Dried sputum:
Killed in direct sunlight:

Answer 2

Drying: 6-8 months
Dried sputum: 8-10 days
Killed in direct sunlight: within 2 hrs

Question 3

M. tuberculosis disinfection:

Answer 3

• requires 24 hrs exposure to 5% phenol
• moist heat, boiling for 10 mins, pasteurization

Question 4

Chest X-ray shows

Answer 4

GHON COMPLEXES

Question 5

Antituberculosis Agents:

Primary

Answer 5

RIPES

Rifampin
Isoniazid
Pyrazinamide
Ethambutol
Streptomycin

Question 6

Lab Diagnosis for MTB

Answer 6

1. Chest X-ray
2. Tuberculin Test/Mantoux - (+) 5-10mm
3. Sputum (Gram stain)
4. DSSM (Direst Sputum Smear Microscopy)

Question 7

DSSM ideal smear

Answer 7

2x3 cm (thumb size)

Question 8

DSSM:

Detection rate
Cure Rate

Answer 8

Detection rate 70%
Cure Rate 85%

Question 9

DSSM number of fields

Answer 9

300 fields OIO

Question 10

Specimen for DSSM

Sputum ilagay mo sa Grande SB CUP

Answer 10

Gastric Aspirate (Infant)

Secretions by Bronchoscopy
Blood

CSF-Pellicle/Web-like clot
Urine
3Ps Pleural, Peritoneal, Pericardial

> 40 UNITS = TUBERCULAR EFFUSION

Question 11

Stains for MTB

Answer 11

1. Ziehl Nielsen
2. Kinyouns
3. Fite-Faracos
4. Auramine-rhodamine stain
5. Spengler’s stain
6. Pappenheim’s stain
7. Baumgarten’s stain

Question 12

Stain for MTB:

Counterstain used for Fite Faraco’s

Answer 12

Hematoxylin
(M. leprae)

Question 13

Stain for MTB:

Pappenheim’s

Answer 13

MTB: red
M. smegmatis: blue

Question 14

Stain for MTAB:

Baumgarten’s

Answer 14

MTB: Blue
M.leprae: Red

Question 15

Methods for decontamination and digestion:

Digesting

Answer 15

N-acetyl- L-cysteine (NALC)

Question 16

Methods for decontamination and digestion:

Decontaminating agent

Answer 16

NaOH

Question 17

MTB

Culture maintained
Colonies

Answer 17

8 weeks/2 months
Cauliflower

Question 18

MTB should be placed on

Answer 18

HIGH PROTEIN MEDIUM

1. Lowenstein-jensen
2. Petragnani (Stool)
3. American Thoracic Society Medium
4. Dorset Egg Medium

Question 19

MTB Media

drug susceptibility patterns within 24 hours

enzyme retrieved from fireflies

Answer 19

Luciferase Reporter Mycobacterium (LRP Assays)

Question 20

MTB Media

measures interferon gamma levels

not positive on BCG vaccine

Answer 20

QuantiFERON Test

Question 21

QuantiFERON Test

Spx:
Principle:
Diagnose:

Answer 21

Spx: WHOLE BLOOD EDTA
Principle: ELISA
Diagnose: Latent infection

Question 22

Other Media for TB:

Answer 22

Rapid Culture-Bactec Radiometric Culture

GeneExpert (PCR-BASED NAAT) - Rifampicin Resistance

Question 23

TB in Animals
BCG Vaccine (Attenuated)

Answer 23

M. bovis (Contamined milk)

Question 24

most common tuberculosis in WEST AFRICA

Answer 24

M. africanumm

Question 25

most common tuberculosis in EAST AFRICA

Answer 25

M. caneti

Question 26

Group I Photochromogens

develop pigment with Exposure to light

Answer 26

MASK

Marinum - SWIMMING POOL GRANULOMA
Asiaticum
Simiae
Kansasi - YELLOW BACILLUS

Question 27

Group II Scotochromogens

• develop chromogens w/ and w/o light

Answer 27

Scrofucaleum
szulgai
xenopi (water tanks in hospital ; 42 deg)
godornae (Tap water bacillus)
flavescens
thermoresistible

Question 28

Group III Nonphotochromogens

Non pigmented w/ or w/o light

Answer 28

avium (Lady Windermore ; birds)
AVIUM COMPLEX (HIV)
ulcerans (inert bacillus)
HAEMOPHYLUM (beta hemolytic)
malmoense
TERRAE-TRIVIALE (Radish Bacillus)

Question 29

Group IV: Rapid Growers

• grows 3-5 days

Answer 29

FoC PhS

Fortuitum
Chelonei
Phlei
Smegmatis

Question 30

Causes HANSEN’S DISEASE

Answer 30

Mycobacterium leprae

Specimen: Tissue Juice
Culture: Foot pads of Mice

Question 31

M. genevasi

Answer 31

AIDS

Question 32

M. paratuberculosis

Answer 32

Crohn’s disease

Question 33

M. gastri

Answer 33

J bacillus