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BACTERIOLOGY > Part I: Gram Positive Cocci (Staphylococci aureus) > Flashcards

Part I: Gram Positive Cocci (Staphylococci aureus) Flashcards

1
Q

Gram Positive Cocci are categorized by (5)

A
  1. Staphylococci
  2. Micrococci
  3. Group D - Non Enterococci & Enterococci
  4. Streptococci
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2
Q

Gram Positive Cocci : Staphylococci

Coagulase (+) :
Coagulase (-) :

A

Coagulase (+) : S.aureus
Coagulase (-) : S.saprophyticus & S. epidermidis

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3
Q

Gram Positive Cocci : Group D - Non Enterococci (2)

A

S. bovis
S. gallolyticus

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4
Q

Gram Positive Cocci : Enterococci (4)

A

E. faecium
E. faecalysis
E. avium
E. durans

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5
Q

Gram Positive Cocci : Streptococci

Beta Hemolytic : (2)

A
  1. S. pyogenes (Group A)
  2. S. agalactiae (Group B)
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6
Q

Gram Positive Cocci : Streptococci

Alpha Hemolytic: (2)

A
  1. S. pnuemoniae
  2. Viridans Streptocci
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7
Q

Streptocci

Alpha Hemolysis: Viridans Strep spp. (4)

A

S. mutans
S. sanguis
S. mitis
S. salivarium

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8
Q

Staphylococci appearance under microscope

A

Grape-like clusters

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9
Q

Staphylococci grows under ___________% NaCI

A

7.5-10% NaCI

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10
Q

Staphylococci are resistant in TAXO A or also known as

A

Bacitracin (0.02-0.04)

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11
Q

Test used differentiate Staphylococci and Micrococci from Streptococci

A

Catalate Test

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12
Q

Catalase Test reagent

A

Hydrogen peroxide

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13
Q

Catalase Test positive result shows

A

Bubbling / Effervescence

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14
Q

inoculate from BAP under Catalase Test shows

A

FALSE NEGATIVE REACTION

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15
Q
  • Most significant species
  • Normal flora of anterior nares and nasopharynx
A

S.aureus

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16
Q

S.aureus can cause

A

Non-toxin Mediated disease
Toxin Mediated disease

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17
Q

S. aureus : Toxin Mediated Disease (3)

A
  1. Food poisoning
  2. Scalded skin syndrome /Ritter’s syndrome
  3. Toxic Shock Syndrome
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18
Q

S. aureus : Non-Toxin Mediated Disease (7)

A
  1. wound infection
  2. boils
  3. carbuncles
  4. furuncles
  5. cellulitis
  6. bullous impetigo
  7. Stye
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19
Q

S. aureus : VIRULENCE FACTOR

  • Major Virulence Factor
  • Converts fibrinogen to fibrin
  • agglutinate bacterial cells in plasma
A

Coagulase

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20
Q

S. aureus : VIRULENCE FACTOR

  • reasons as to why S.aureus is resistant to Penicillin
A

Beta-lactamase / Penicillinase

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21
Q

S. aureus : VIRULENCE FACTOR

  • Spreading factor
  • allows bacteria to invade tissues
A

Hyaluronidase / Duran Raynal Factor

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22
Q

S. aureus : VIRULENCE FACTOR

  • destruction of DNA-
  • decreases viscosity of S.aureus
A

Dnase / Thermonuclease

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23
Q

S. aureus : VIRULENCE FACTOR

causes Toxic Shock Syndrome

A

TSST-1

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24
Q

S. aureus : VIRULENCE FACTOR

causes FOOD POISONING

A

Enterotoxin A and B

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25
Q

S. aureus : VIRULENCE FACTOR

causes Scalded Skin syndrome / Ritters Syndrome

A

Exfoliatin

26
Q

S. aureus : VIRULENCE FACTOR

prevents phagocytosis

A

Protein A

27
Q

S. aureus : VIRULENCE FACTOR

destruction of WBC

A

PVL - Panton Valentine Leukocidin

28
Q

S. aureus : VIRULENCE FACTOR

Causes skin infection

A

Lipase

29
Q

Test used to detect beta-lactamase production

A

Cephalosporinase Test

30
Q

Cephalosporinase Test

Uses

A

Cefinase disk

31
Q

Cephalosporinase Test

Reagent

A

Nitrocefin

32
Q

Cephalosporinase Test

Positive Result

A

Pink to Red

33
Q

Cephalosporinase Test

Negative Result

A

Yellow

34
Q

S.aureus (+) in Liquid broth

A

equal turbidity

35
Q

S. aureus in BAP shows

A

Beta hemolysis (complete hemolysis)

36
Q

Other media used for S. aureus

A

Mannitol Salt Agar
Columbia Collistin Nalidixic Acid

37
Q

Definitive test for S. aureus
Test that differentiates S. aureus from other Staphylococc spp.

A

Coagulase Test

38
Q

Coagulase Test : Reagent

A

Rabbit’s Plasma

39
Q

Coagulase Test : Positive Result

A

Clotting

40
Q

Coagulase Test : 2 types of Test

A

Slide Coagulase
Tube Coagulase

41
Q

Coagulase Test : Coagulase Test : Slide Coagulase

A

add NSS > add Rabit’s Plasma > Observe

42
Q

Coagulase Test : Slide Coagulase (Result)

A

(+) - Clotting > REPORT
(-) - Confirm using Tube Coagulase

43
Q

Coagulase Test : Tube Coagulase

A

Add NSS > Add Rabit’s Plasma > Incubate 4 hrs @37

44
Q

Coagulase Test : Tube Coagulase

A

(+) - Clotting > Report
(-) - Incubate for another 16 hrs @RT

45
Q

Mannitol Fermentation Test

Media

A

Mannitol Salt Agar

46
Q

Mannitol Fermentation Test

Inhibitor

A

7.5%-10% NaCI

47
Q

Mannitol Fermentation Test

Indicator

A

Phenol Red

48
Q

Mannitol Fermentation Test

(+) Result

A

(+) Yellow halo round colonies w/ Old socks odor

49
Q

Mannitol Fermentation Test

(+) Result Indication

A
  • Species can tolerate high NaCl concentration
  • can ferment Manitol
50
Q

Dnase Test Positive Species

A

SMS
S. aureus
Moraxella
Serratia

51
Q

Dnase Test is used to detect

A

ability of organism to hydrolyze DNA to use as carbon and energy source

52
Q

HCl precipitation Method

Media

A

Dnase Agar

53
Q

HCl precipitation Method

Reagent

A

0.1 HCl

54
Q

HCl precipitation Method

Reagent

A

Clearing of agar around colonies

55
Q

Dnase Test - Dye method

Media

A

Dnase Agar

56
Q

Dnase Test - Dye method

Dye

A

Methyl green
Toluidine blue

57
Q

Dnase Test - Dye method

Methyl green : (+) Result

A

Clearing around zone

58
Q

Dnase Test - Dye method

Methyl green : (+) Result

A

Pink around colony

59
Q

S. aureus Result

VP TEST/ VOGES PROSKAUER :

A

Positive

59
Q

S. aureus Result

PYR/PYRROLIDONYL ARYLAMIDASE

A

Negative

BACTERIOLOGY (25 decks)

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