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BACTERIOLOGY > II: Gram Negative Bacilli > Flashcards

II: Gram Negative Bacilli Flashcards

1
Q

Normal Intestinal Flora
UTI associated
Often resistant to antimicrobial therapy

A

Providencia

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2
Q

Providencia spp. urease positive

A

P. rettgeri

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3
Q

Providencia spp. urease negative/variable

A

P. stuartii

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4
Q

Proteus spp that is Indole (-)

A

P. mirabilis

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5
Q

Proteus spp. Indole (+)

A

P. vulgaris

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6
Q
  • Gram-negative Bacilli
  • Non-Lactose Fermenters
  • Isolated from Cold blooded and warm blooded animals
A

Edwardsiella

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7
Q

Edwardsiella spp. occurs in most human species

A

E. tarda

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8
Q

E. tarda has same IMVIC result to

A

E.coli (++–)

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9
Q

To differentiate E. tarda from E.coli

E. tarda has

H2S:
NLF / RLF:

A

H2S: +
NLF / RLF: NLF

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10
Q

To differentiate E. tarda from E.coli

E.coli has

H2S:
NLF / RLF:

A

H2S: -
NLF / RLF: RLF

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11
Q

Late-Lactose Fermenter
Gram-Negative Bacilli
Causes Black Death/Bubonic Plaque

A

Yersinia pestis

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12
Q

Vector of Yersinia pestis

A

Xenopsylla cheopsis (Rat flea)

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13
Q

Yersinia pestis in broth agar exhibits clump of cells adhere to one side of tube known as

A

Stalactite pattern

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14
Q

Y. pestis preferred temp for growth

A

25-30 deg Cel

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15
Q

Y. pestis exhibit ____ appearance after 48 hrs in BAP

A

Cauliflower

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16
Q

Y. pestis inclusion bodies forms

A

safety pin appearance

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17
Q

Y. pestis inclusion bodies are stained using

A

Wayson stain

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18
Q

Gram-negative Bacilli
Late-Lactose Fermenters
Causes ENTEROCOLITIS (fever, abdominal pain, diarrhea); Appendicitis in children

A

Y. enterocolitica

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19
Q

Associated with Arthitis, Erythrema Nodosum
Gram-negative Bacilli
Late Lactose Fermenters

A

Y. enterocolitica

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20
Q

Y.enterocolitica is motile @ _______ deg and non motile @ ___________

A

Motile - Room Temp
Non-Motile - 37 deg Cel

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21
Q

Y. enteroclotica is culture in CIN agar; CIN means

A

Cefsulodin Irgasan Novobiocin Agar

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22
Q

Y. enterocolitica in CIN agar appears

A

Bull’s Eye colonies

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23
Q

H2S (+)

SPACEd

A

Salmonella
Proteus
Arizonae
Citrobacter freundii
Edwardsiella

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24
Q

Microorganism with Bipolar Inclusion Bodies

A

Bipolar si BAY

B. pseydomallei
A. actinomycetemcomitans
Yersinia

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25
Q

LISTAHAN NG MGA BULL-BULLL

Bull-eyes colonies on CIN

A

Y. Enterocolitica
Aeromonas

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26
Q

LISTAHAN NG MGA BULL-BULLL

Fish eye colonies on EMB

A

Enterobacter

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27
Q

LISTAHAN NG MGA BULL-BULLL

Bull’s eye amoeba

A

E. histolytica

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28
Q

LISTAHAN NG MGA BULL-BULLL

Bull’s Eye Rash

A

Borellia burdorgferi

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29
Q

LISTAHAN NG MGA BULL-BULLL

Bull’s Neck Infection

A

C. diptheriae

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30
Q

LISTAHAN NG MGA BULL-BULLL

Buffalo Hump

A

Cushing Syndrome

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31
Q

Agar that uses Ferric Ammonium Citrate for indication of H2S

A

SSA, XLD, HEA, SIM , LIA

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32
Q

Considered as INITIAL STEP for the identification of Enterobacteriaceae

A

Triple Sugar Iron Agar (TSIagar)

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33
Q

TSI Agar Component:

CHO (3)

A

1% Lactose (Slant)
1% Sucrose (Slant)
0.1% Glucose (Butt)

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34
Q

TSI Agar component:

pH indicator

A

Phenol Red

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35
Q

TSI Agar component:

Sulfur Source:

A

Sodium thiosulfate

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36
Q

TSI Agar Component:

H2S indicator:

A

Ferrous sulfate

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37
Q

H2S + Ferric Ions =

A

Ferrous sulfide (black precipitate)

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38
Q

TSI Reactions spp.

A/AG H2S (-)

A

EKE
Escherichia
Klebsiella
Enterobacter

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39
Q

TSI Reactions spp.

K/AG H2S (+)

A

SPACEd
Salmonella
Proteus
Arizonae
Citrobacter freundii
Edwardsiella tarda

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40
Q

TSI Reactions spp.

K/A H2S (-)

A

Shigella
Providencia
Morganella

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41
Q

TSI Reactions spp.

K/K H2S (-)

A

Pseudomonas
Burkholderia

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42
Q

Test primarily for ENTERIC pathogen

A

Lysine Iron Agar (LIA)

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43
Q

test used to detect if organism can deaminate Lysine (red) or Decarboxylase Lysine (purple)

A

Lysine Iron Agar

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44
Q

Lysine Iron Agar Composition:

Amount of protein must be in:

a. Small
b. Large

A

Small amount of protein

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45
Q

Lysine Iron Agar Composition:

CHO

A

Glucose

46
Q

Lysine Iron Agar Composition:

pH indicator

A

Bromcresol purple

47
Q

Lysine Iron Agar Composition:

H2S indicator

A

Ferric Ammonium Citrate

48
Q

LIA Reaction spp.

K/K H2S (+)

A

Salmonella

49
Q

LIA Reaction spp.

K/A H2S (-)

A

Shigella

50
Q

LIA Reaction spp.

R/A H2S (-)

A

PPM
Proteus
Providencia
Morganella

*Proteus
- H2S (+) but does deaminate lysine = alkaline = inc. ammonia = Alk cannot produce H2S since; H2S can only be produced in ACIDIC ENVIRONMENT

51
Q

Selective Differential Media for Gram-Negative Enteric Bacilli (5)

A
  1. Eosin Methylene Blue
  2. Macconkey Agar
  3. Hektoen Enteric Agar (HEA)
  4. Salmonella Shigella Agar
  5. XLD Agar
52
Q

Eosin-Methylene Blue Agar Composition:

CHO:
Inhibitor & Indicator:

A

CHO: Lactose and Sucrose
Inhibitor & Indicator: Eosin Methylene Blue

53
Q

Eosin-Methylene Blue Result:

Lactose Fermenters:
Non Lactose Fermenters:

A

LF: Pink to Purple Colonies
NLF: Colorless

54
Q

Eosin-Methylene Blue Result:

Pink to Purple Colonies with Green Metallic Sheen

A

E.coli

55
Q

Eosin-Methylene Blue Result:

Pink mucoid colonies

A

Klebsiella

56
Q

Eosin-Methylene Blue Result:

Pink colonies with Black Center “Fish Eye Colonies”

A

Enterobacter

57
Q

Macconkey Agar Composition:

Inhibitor

A

Crystal Violet
Bile Salt

58
Q

Macconkey Agar Composition:

pH indicator

A

Neutral Red

59
Q

Macconkey Agar Composition:

CHO

A

Lactose

60
Q

Macconkey Agar Result:

NLF:
LF:

A

NLF: Colorless colonie
LF: Pink

61
Q

Neutral Red

Acidic < 6.8
Alkaline 6.8 -8.0

A

Acidic < 6.8 = Pink-red
Alkaline 6.8 -8.0 = Brown

62
Q

Hektoen Enteric Agar Composition:

CHO

A

Lactose, Sucrose, Salicilin

63
Q

Hektoen Enteric Agar Composition:

Inhibitor

A

Bile Salts

64
Q

Hektoen Enteric Agar Composition:

pH indicator

A

Bromthymol Blue

65
Q

Hektoen Enteric Agar Composition:

H2S indicator

A

Ferric Ammonium Citrate

66
Q

Hektoen Enteric Agar Result:

LF (H2S +)
NLF (H2S -)

A

LF (H2S +) - Yellow-Orange with Black Center
NLF (H2S -) - Green-Blue w/o Black Center

67
Q

Salmonella-Shigella Agar Composition:

CHO
pH indicator
H2S indicator

A

CHO: Lactose
pH indicator: Neutral Red
H2S indicator: Ferric Ammonium Citrate

68
Q

Salmonella-Shigella Agar Result:

Colorless Black Center
H2S +
NLF

A

Salmonella

69
Q

Salmonella-Shigella Agar Result:
Colorless w/o Black Center
H2S -
NLF

A

Shigella

70
Q

Salmonella will have Mauve-colored colonies; Enterobacter will have blue-white colonies

A

CHROMagar Salmonella

71
Q

NLF spp. produces lysine decarboxylase showing Red Colonies w/ Black Center in this agar

A

XLD Agar

72
Q

XLD agar composition:

CHO
Sulfur Source
pH indicator
H2S indicator
Inhibitor

A

CHO - Lactose, Sucrose, Xylose
Sulfur Source - Sodium thiosulfate
pH indicator - Phenol Red
H2S indicator - Ferric Ammonium Citratre
Inhibitor - Sodium desoxycholate

73
Q

XLD agar Result:

Red w/ Black Center or Colorless w/ Black Center

A

Salmonella

74
Q

IMVIC

A

Indole
Methyl Red
Voges Proskauer
Citrate

75
Q

Indole detects for

A

Tryptophanase

76
Q

Indole reagent

A

Kovacs/Ehrlich Reagent (PDAB)

77
Q

Kovac’s Reagent

Positive Control:
Negative Control:

A

Positive Control: E. coli
Negative Control: K. pneumoniae

78
Q

Ehrlich Reagent

Positive Control:
Negative Control:

A

Positive Control: H. influenzae
Negative Control: H. parainfluenzae

79
Q

Indole Test

Medium uses

A

Sulfur Indole Motility (SIM) / Tryptone Broth

80
Q

Indole Test Result:

Positive:
Negative:

A

Positive: Red Ring
Negative: w/o color change

81
Q

Indole Test Positive spp

A

May PEKPEC Po?

Morganella
Proteus vulgaris
E. tarda
K. oxytoca
Providencia
E. coli
Citrobacter koseri
Plesiomonas

82
Q

Test for Mixed Acid Fermentation Pathway

A

Methyl Red

83
Q

Methyl Red - Mixed Acid Fermentation = LAFS

A

Lactic
Acetic
Formic
Succinyl acid

84
Q

Methyl Red QC:

Positive
Negative

A

Positive: E.coli
Negative: Enterobacter aerogenes

85
Q

Methyl Red Result

Positive:
Negative:

A

Positive: Red
Negative: Yellow

86
Q

Test used to detect Acetoin (ButyleneGlycol Pathway)

A

Voges-Proskauer Test

87
Q

Voges Proskauer Reagent

A

a-naphtol (4drops)
40% KOH (2 drops)

88
Q

Voges Proskauer QC:

Positive
Negative

A

Positive: Enterobacter aerogenes
Negative: E.coli

89
Q

Voges Proskauer Result:
Positive
Negative

A

Positive: Red
Negative: Yellow

90
Q

Voges-Proskauer Positive Spp.

A

KEESH
Klebsiella
Ewingella
Enterobacter
Serratia
Hafnia

91
Q

Citrate Utilization Test Composition:
Medium:
pH indicator:

A

Simmon’s Citrate
Bromthymol blue

92
Q

Citrate Utilization Test Result:

Positive:
Negative:

A

Positive: Growth/Blue
Negative: No growth/ green

93
Q

Citrate Positive Test:

Pero Sa CHEEKS

A

Pero Sa CHEEKS

Providencia
Serratia
Citrobacter
Erwingella
Enterobacter
Klebsiella
Salmonella enteritidis

94
Q

Malonate utilization has the same result w/ (3)

A

Acetamide
Acetate
Citrate

95
Q

Malonate Utilization Result

Positive
Negative

A

Positive: blue
Negative: green or yellow

96
Q

Urease Test Composition

Medium:
pH indicator:
Positive will produce:

A

Medium: Stuart’s Urea broth/ Christensen’s Urea Agar
pH indicator: Phenol Red
Positive will produce: Ammonia

97
Q

Urease Test

Rapid Urease will produce:
TPUNCH

A

Rapid Urease will produce: Pink to Red colonies w/in 2-4 hrs

TPUNCH

T. mentagrophytes
PPM
Ureaplasma
Nocardia
C. neoformans
H. pylori

98
Q

Urease Test

Slow Urease will produce:
CKEYS

A

Slow Urease will produce: Orange after 4hrs

CKEYS
Citrobacter
Klebsiella
Enterobacter
Yersinia enterocolitica
Serratia

99
Q

ONPG test is a rapid test to detect

A

B-galactosidase

100
Q

ONPG substrate

A

O-nitrophenyl-beta-D-galactopyranoside

101
Q

ONPG is hydrolyze to form O-nitrophenol forming

A

Yellow colonies (LF)

102
Q

ONPG Result:

Positive:
Negative:

A

Positive: Yellow
Negative: Colorless

103
Q

Test to detect B-gluconidase

A

MUG test

104
Q

All E.coli are MUG TEST POSITIVE EXCEPT

A

E. coli 0157: H7

105
Q

Test that detects the ability of an organims to remove carboxyl group from amino acid

A

Decarboxylase Test

106
Q

Decarboxylase Test Composition:

Medium:
Indicator:
CHO:
Amino acid:

A

Medium: Decarboxylase Basal Medium (Moller’s Medium)
Indicator: Bromcresol Purple
CHO: Glucose
Amino acid: Lysine, Ornithin, Arginine

107
Q

Decarboxylase Test

Positive Result

A

Purple-yellow-purple

108
Q

Test to detect organism’s ability to remove amino group from an amino acid

A

Phenylalanine Deaminase

109
Q

Phenylalanine Deaminase composition:

Phenylalanine Agar
Overnight Culture
10% FECI

A

Phenylalanine Agar
Overnight Culture
10% FECI3

110
Q

Phenylalanine Deaminase Result

Positive

A

Green Slant and fluid

111
Q

Routinely Performed Test for Enterobacteriaceae (6)

A
  1. IMVIC, MOtility
  2. Growth in KIA/TSI - LF, H2S
  3. Urease, ONPG
  4. LDC, ODC, ADC
  5. PPA/PDA
  6. Mannitol Fermentation

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