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Anatomy 2 > Paranasal Sinuses > Flashcards

Paranasal Sinuses Flashcards

1
Q

What are the 2 areas of the nose?

A
  1. External nose

2. Nasal cavity

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2
Q

What separates the nasal cavity into left and right halves?

A

Nasal septum

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3
Q

What are the 5 main components of the external nose?

A
  1. Tip
  2. Bridge (connects tip to forehead)
  3. Nostrils
  4. Ala (bind nostrils laterally)
  5. Nasal septum (bind nostrils medially)
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4
Q

What 3 bones from the superior framework of the external nose?

A
  1. Nasal bone
  2. Frontal process of maxillae
  3. Nasal process of frontal bone
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5
Q

What 3 cartilages form the inferior framework of the external nose?

A
  1. Septal cartilage
  2. Lateral nasal cartilages
  3. Alar cartilages
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6
Q

What 2 bones form hard palate?

A
  1. Palatine process of the maxilla

2. Horizontal plate of the palatine bone

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7
Q

What is the function of the hard palate?

A

Separates the nasal cavity from the oral cavity

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8
Q

What 3 bones form the roof of the nasal cavity?

A
  1. Body of sphenoid
  2. Cribriform plate of ethmoid
  3. Frontal bone
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9
Q

What forms the floor of the nasal cavity?

A

Hard palate

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10
Q

What forms the anterior nasal septum?

A

Septal cartilage

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11
Q

What 2 bones form the posterior nasal septum?

A
  1. Perpendicular plate of ethmoid

2. Vomer

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12
Q

What are the 4 nerves which supply the external nose?

A
  1. Supratrochlear
  2. Infratrochlear
  3. External nasal
  4. Infraorbital
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13
Q

What are the 3 bony projections on the lateral wall of the nasal septum called?

A
  1. Superior conchae
  2. Middle conchae
  3. Inferior conchae
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14
Q

What is the space below each conchae called?

A

Meatus

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15
Q

What is the sphenoethmoidal recess?

A

Small area above the superior concha

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16
Q

What is Kiesselbach/Little’s area?

A

Area in anteroinferior part of cartilaginous portion of nasal septum

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17
Q

What is the importance of Little’s area?

A

Submucous anastomosis of vessels from external and internal carotid arteries

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18
Q

What 4 arteries form the anastomosis in Little’s area?

A
  1. Sphenopalatine artery
  2. Greater palatine artery
  3. Superior labial artery
  4. Anterior ethmoidal artery
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19
Q

What 3 arteries found in Little’s area are derived from the external carotid artery?

A
  1. Sphenopalatine artery
  2. Greater palatine artery
  3. Superior labial artery
20
Q

Which of the arteries found in Little’s area is derived from the internal carotid artery?

A

Anterior ethmoidal artery

21
Q

To what 2 lymph nodes does the lymph in the nose drain to?

A
  1. Submandibular lymph nodes

2. Upper deep cervical lymph nodes

22
Q

Name 4 paranasal sinuses

A
  1. Frontal sinus
  2. Ethmoid sinuses
  3. Maxillary sinus
  4. Sphenoid sinus
23
Q

What shape is the maxillary sinus?

A

Pyramidal shape

24
Q

Where is the maxillary sinus located?

A

Within body of maxilla above alveolar arch, beneath the eyes and next to the nose

25
Q

What forms the roof of the maxillary sinus?

A

Floor of the orbit

26
Q

What is the nerve supply of the maxillary sinus?

A

Branches from the maxillary division of trigeminal

27
Q

What is the floor of the maxillary sinus related to?

A

Roots of premolars and molar teeth are visible in floor

28
Q

Where are the frontal sinuses located?

A

Within frontal bone

29
Q

What shape are the frontal sinuses?

A

Triangular

30
Q

Where do the sphenoidal sinuses lie?

A

Within the body of the sphenoid bone below sella turcica

31
Q

Where are the ethmoid sinuses found?

A

Ethmoid bone between nose and orbit

32
Q

What are the 3 ethmoid sinuses?

A
  1. Anterior
  2. Middle
  3. Posterior
33
Q

What is the nerve supply of the frontal sinus?

A

Ophthalmic division of trigeminal

34
Q

What is the nerve supply of the sphenoid sinus?

A

Ophthalmic division of trigeminal

35
Q

What is the nerve supply of the ethmoid sinus?

A

Ophthalmic division of trigeminal

36
Q

Where does the posterior ethmoidal sinus open?

A

Superior meatus

37
Q

Where does the middle ethmoidal sinus open?

A

On or above bulla ethmoidalis of middle meatus

38
Q

Where does the anterior ethmoidal sinus open?

A

Anterior end of hiatus semilunaris of middle meatus via infundibulum with frontal sinus

39
Q

Where does the frontal sinus open?

A

Anterior end of hiatus semilunaris of middle meatus via infundibulum with anterior ethmoidal sinus

40
Q

Where does the maxillary sinus open?

A

Hiatus semilunaris of middle meatus

41
Q

What opens in the inferior meatus?

A

Nasolacrimal duct

42
Q

Where does the sphenoid sinus open?

A

Sphenoethmoidal recess

43
Q

What are the 2 areas of the middle meatus?

A
  1. Hiatus semilunaris

2. Bulla ethmoidalis

44
Q

Describe the lymphatic drainage of paranasal sinus

A
  1. Submandibular LN
    Frontal sinus
    Maxillary sinus
    Anterior and middle ethmoidal
  2. Retropharyngeal LN
    Posterior ethmoidal
    Sphenoidal
45
Q

Give 6 functions of the paranasal sinuses

A
  1. Heats air
  2. Moistens nose
  3. Traps particles
  4. Lessens weight of skull
  5. Strengthens skull
  6. Resonance chamber for voice
46
Q

What is oroantral fistula?

A

Pathological communication between oral cavity and maxillary sinus

47
Q

What 4 things can cause an oroantral fistula?

A
  1. Dental infections
  2. Osteomyelitis
  3. Radiation therapy
  4. Trauma

Anatomy 2 (24 decks)

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