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Anatomy 2 > Facial Structures and Parotid Gland > Flashcards

Facial Structures and Parotid Gland Flashcards

1
Q

What is the nerve supply of the platysma?

A

Cervical branch of facial nerve

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2
Q

Where does the common carotid artery terminate?

A

Upper boarder of thyroid cartilage

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3
Q

Where does the external carotid artery terminate?

A

Level of neck of mandible

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4
Q

What are the 2 terminal branches of external carotid artery?

A
  1. Maxillary artery

2. Superficial temporal artery

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5
Q

What 2 arteries originate from the external carotid artery before its terminal bifurcation?

A
  1. Occipital artery

2. Posterior auricular artery

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6
Q

Name 6 lymph nodes which make up superficial ring of lymph nodes

A
  1. Submental
  2. Submandibular
  3. Superficial parotid
  4. Deep parotid
  5. Mastoid
  6. Occipital
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7
Q

From what 3 areas does the submental lymph nodes receive afferents?

A
  1. Lower lip
  2. Chin
  3. Tip of the tongue
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8
Q

From what 5 areas does the submandibular lymph nodes receive afferents?

A
  1. Submental LN
  2. Cheek
  3. Nose
  4. Upper lip
  5. Tongue
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9
Q

From what 3 areas does the superficial parotid lymph nodes receive afferents?

A
  1. Eyelids
  2. Temples
  3. Auricles
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10
Q

From what 3 areas does the deep parotid lymph nodes receive afferents?

A
  1. Superficial parotid LN
  2. Middle ear
  3. Soft palate
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11
Q

From what 2 areas does the mastoid lymph nodes receive afferents?

A
  1. Posterior part of scalp

2. Auricle

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12
Q

From what area does the occipital lymph nodes receive afferents?

A
  1. Posterior part of scalp
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13
Q

To what 2 lymph nodes does the submental lymph node drain?

A
  1. Submandibular LN

2. Deep cervical LN

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14
Q

To what lymph node does the submandibular lymph node drain?

A

Deep cervical LN

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15
Q

To what lymph node does the superficial parotid lymph node drain?

A

Deep parotid LN

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16
Q

To what lymph node does the deep parotid lymph node drain?

A

Deep cervical LN

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17
Q

To what lymph node does the mastoid lymph node drain?

A

Deep cervical LN

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18
Q

To what lymph node does the occipital lymph node drain?

A

Deep cervical LN

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19
Q

From what 2 areas does the retropharyngeal lymph nodes receive afferents?

A
  1. Posterior nasal cavity

2. Nasopharynx

20
Q

To what lymph node does the retropharyngeal lymph node drain?

A

Deep cervical LN

21
Q

Where is the deep cervical lymph node found?

A

Runs parallel to internal jugular vein

22
Q

Describe the position of the parotid gland

A
  1. Wedges between ramus of mandible and sternocleidomastoid
  2. Upper end fits into external acoustic meatus
  3. Lower end reaches angle of ramus of mandible
  4. Overlaps masseter anteriorly
23
Q

Describe the course of the parotid duct

A
  1. Leaves anterior process of gland
  2. Pierces buccal fat and buccinator
  3. Enters oral cavity opposite upper second molar
24
Q

What is the arterial supply of the parotid gland?

A

External carotid gland and its terminal branches

25
Q

What is the venous drainage of the parotid gland?

A

Retromandibular vein

26
Q

What are the 2 possible lymphatic drainage of the parotid gland?

A
  1. Deep parotid

2. Superficial parotid

27
Q

Name 5 major structures which pass through parotid gland in order of most superficial to deepest

A
  1. Facial nerve
  2. Retromandibular vein
  3. External carotid artery
  4. Beginning of superficial temporal artery
  5. Beginning of maxillary artery
28
Q

What is the sensory nerve supply of the parotid gland?

A

Auriculotemporal nerve

29
Q

What is the sympathetic nerve supply of the parotid gland?

A

Sympathetic plexus around external carotid artery

30
Q

What is the parasympathetic nerve supply of the parotid gland?

A

Postganglionic fibres from the otic ganglion carried by the auriculotemporal nerve

31
Q

What are the 4 parasympathetic ganglion found in the head?

A
  1. Pterygopalatine ganglion
  2. Otic ganglion
  3. Ciliary ganglion
  4. Submandibular ganglion
32
Q

Where is the pterygopalatine ganglion found?

A

Suspended from the maxillary nerve in pterygopalatine fossa

33
Q

Describe the preganglionic parasympathetic fibres to the pterygopalatine ganglion

A
  1. Greater petrosal nerve joins deep petrosal nerve
  2. Forms nerve of pterygoid canal
  3. Relay in the pterygopalatine ganglion
34
Q

Describe the postganglionic fibres of the pterygopalatine ganglion

A
  1. Joins maxillary nerve
  2. Enters zygomatic nerve
  3. Reach lacrimal nerve and are distributed to lacrimal gland
35
Q

Where is ciliary ganglion located?

A

Orbit

36
Q

Describe the preganglionic fibres to the ciliary ganglion

A

Fibres from Edinger-Westphal nucleus travel along inferior division of oculomotor nerve

37
Q

Describe the postganglionic fibres of the ciliary ganglion

A

Run in short ciliary nerves

38
Q

What 2 muscles of the eye are innervated by the ciliary ganglion?

A
  1. Sphincter pupillae

2. Ciliary muscles

39
Q

What is the function of the sphincter pupillae?

A

Constricts the pupil

40
Q

Where is the otic ganglion located?

A

Attached to mandibular nerve

41
Q

Describe the preganglionic fibres to the otic ganglion

A

Fibres from inferior salivatory nucleus pass to lesser petrosal nerve

42
Q

Describe the postganglionic fibres of the otic ganglion

A

Gives secretomotor fibres to parotid gland via auriculotemporal nerve

43
Q

Where is the submandibular ganglion located?

A

Suspended from lingual nerve

44
Q

Describe the preganglionic fibres to the submandibular ganglion

A

Fibres from the superior salivatory nucleus of the pons, via chorda tympani

45
Q

Describe the postganglionic fibres of the submandibular ganglion

A

Gives parasympathetic secretomotor fibres to oral mucosa, submandibular gland and sublingual gland

Anatomy 2 (24 decks)

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