Nervous System Flashcards
What are the 2 anatomical divisions of the nervous system?
- CNS (brain and spinal cord)
2. PNS (cranial and spinal nerves and sympathetic trunks)
What are the 2 functional divisions of the nervous system?
- Somatic (voluntary)
2. Autonomic (involuntary)
Where do cranial nerves arise?
Nuclei found in the brainstem
Name CN I
Olfactory
Name CN II
Optic
Name CN III and describe where it emerges
Oculomotor - Emerges on anterior surface of the brain
Name CN IV and describe where it emerges
Trochlear - Leaves posterior surface of brainstem but emerges from midbrain
Name CN V and describe where it emerges
Trigeminal - Leaves anterior aspect of lateral side of pons
Name CN VI
Abducent
Name CN VII
Facial
Name CN VIII
Vestibulocochlear
Where do CN VI, CN VII and CN VIII emerge?
Groove between lower boarder of pons and the medulla oblongata
Name CN IX
Glossopharyngeal
Name CN X
Vagus
Name CN XI
Accessory
Where do CN IX, CN X and cranial part of CN XI emerge?
Anterolateral surface of medulla between the olive and inferior cerebellar peduncle
Where does the spinal part of CN XI emerge?
Spinal cord and enters the skull through the foramen magnum
Name CN XII and describe where it emerges
Hypoglossal - Emerges from the anterior surface of medulla oblongata between pyramid and olive
How does CN I leave the skull?
Cribriform plate
How does CN II leave the skull?
Optic canal
How does CN V₁ leave the skull?
Superior orbital fissure
How does CN V₂ leave the skull?
Foramen rotundum
How does CN V₃ leave the skull?
Foramen ovale
How does CN III leave the skull?
Superior orbital fissure
How does CN IV leave the skull?
Superior orbital fissure
How does CN VI leave the skull?
Superior orbital fissure
What leaves the skull by the foramen spinosum?
Middle meningeal vessels
How does CN VII leave the skull?
Internal acoustic meatus
How does CN VIII leave the skull?
Internal acoustic meatus
How does CN IX leave the skull?
Jugular foramen
How does CN X leave the skull?
Jugular foramen
How does CN XI leave the skull?
Jugular foramen
How does CN XII leave the skull?
Foramen magnus
