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Anatomy 2 > Oral Cavity and Tongue > Flashcards

Oral Cavity and Tongue Flashcards

1
Q

What causes a tongue-tie?

A

Thickening of the lingual frenulum

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2
Q

What are the ridges found on the palate called?

A

Palatal rugae

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3
Q

What structure is formed by the end of the soft palate?

A

Uvula

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4
Q

What is the isthmus of the fauces?

A

Demarcation between oral cavity and pharynx

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5
Q

Name the 5 muscles of the soft palate

A
  1. Tensor palatini
  2. Levator palatini
  3. Palatoglossus
  4. Palatopharyngeus
  5. Musculus uvulae
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6
Q

What is the function of tensor palatini?

A

Tighten the soft palate

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7
Q

What is the function of levator palatini?

A

Elevate the soft palate

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8
Q

What is the motor supply of the soft palate?

A

Cranial part of accessory travelling with the vagus except tensor palatini which is supplied by mandibular nerve

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9
Q

What branch of CN IX is involved in the pharyngeal plexus?

A

Pharyngeal branch - Sensory

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10
Q

What 2 branches of CN X are involved in the pharyngeal plexus?

A
  1. Pharyngeal branch - Motor

2. Superior cervical ganglion

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11
Q

What branch of CN XI is involved in the pharyngeal plexus?

A

Cranial part

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12
Q

What is the sensory supply of the soft palate?

A

Maxillary and glossopharyngeal nerve

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13
Q

What is the arterial supply of the soft palate?

A

Ascending palatine branch of facial artery

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14
Q

What is found on either side of the frenulum on the inferior surface of the tongue?

A

Lingual vein

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15
Q

What is found lateral to the lingual vein on the inferior surface of the tongue?

A

Fimbriated fold

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16
Q

What is found on either side of the frenulum in the floor of the mouth?

A

Sublingual papilla

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17
Q

What is the significance of the sublingual papilla?

A

It is where the sublingual duct opens

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18
Q

Where does the submandibular gland open in the mouth?

A

Sublingual caruncle

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19
Q

What are intrinsic muscles of the tongue?

A

Muscles which lie within the substance of the tongue

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20
Q

What is the general function of intrinsic muscles of the tongue?

A

Change shape of the tongue

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21
Q

Give 3 specific ways the intrinsic muscles of the tongue work

A
  1. Shorten the tongue via longitudinal intrinsic muscles
  2. Narrow the tongue via transverse intrinsic muscles
  3. Flatten the tongue via vertical intrinsic muscles
22
Q

What is the nerve supply of the intrinsic muscles of the tongue?

23
Q

What are extrinsic muscles of the tongue?

A

Muscles which lie external to substance of the tongue

24
Q

What is the function of the extrinsic muscles of the tongue?

A

Changes the direction of the tongue

25
Q

What is the nerve supply of the extrinsic muscles of the tongue?

A

CN XII except palatoglossus which is supplied by CN XI via CN X

26
Q

What are the 3 possible arrangements of intrinsic muscle fibres?

A
  1. Longitudinal
  2. Transverse
  3. Vertical
27
Q

What are the 4 extrinsic muscles of the tongue?

A
  1. Palatoglossus
  2. Hypoglossus
  3. Styloglossus
  4. Genioglossus
28
Q

What is the origin of the genioglossus?

A

Superior mental tubercles on the posterior surface of mandibular symphysis

29
Q

What is the insertion of the superior and middle fibres of the genioglossus?

30
Q

What is the insertion of the inferior fibres of the genioglossus?

A

Body of the hyoid

31
Q

What is the nerve supply of the genioglossus?

A

Hypoglossal nerve

32
Q

What is the action of the genioglossus?

A

Protrude the apex of the tongue through the mouth

33
Q

What is the origin of the hyoglossus muscle?

A

Hyoid bone

34
Q

What is the insertion of the hypoglossus muscle?

A

Blends with other muscles of the tongue

35
Q

What is the nerve supply of the hypoglossus muscle?

A

Hypoglossal nerve

36
Q

What is the function of the hypoglossus muscle?

A

Depress the tongue

37
Q

What is the origin of the styloglossus muscle?

A

Styloid process of temporal bone

38
Q

What is the insertion of the styloglossus?

A

Lateral aspect of the tongue

39
Q

What is the nerve supply of the styloglossus?

A

Hypoglossal nerve

40
Q

What is the action of the styloglossus muscle?

A

Draw tongue upwards and backwards

41
Q

What is the origin of the palatoglossus?

A

Palatine aponeurosis

42
Q

What is the insertion of the palatoglossus?

A

Side of the tongue

43
Q

What is the nerve supply of the palatoglossus?

A

Accessory via the vagus

44
Q

What are the 2 actions of the palatoglossus?

A
  1. Pulls roots of tongue upwards and backwards

2. Narrow oropharyngeal isthmus

45
Q

What is the arterial supply of the tongue?

A

Lingual artery

46
Q

Where does the lingual artery originate?

A

As a branch from the external carotid

47
Q

Where does the lingual artery originate?

A

Adjacent to the tip of the greater horn of hyoid bone

48
Q

What is the venous drainage of the tongue?

A

Lingual veins

49
Q

Where do lingual veins drain to?

A

Internal jugular vein

50
Q

What are the 4 lymph nodes which drain the tongue?

A
  1. Retropharyngeal
  2. Deep cervical
  3. Submental
  4. Submadibular

Anatomy 2 (24 decks)

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