Paramyxoviridae

Question 1

Clinical sings of NIPAH virus in older animals ( > 6 months)

Answer 1

Acute fever

Neurologic signs

Open mouthed breathing

Sialorrhea

Abortions

Question 2

Bovine Parainfluenza Virus 3

Answer 2

Cattle and Sheep

Respiratory Disease

Cessation of ciliary beating predisposes to secondary bacterial infection

Question 3

Ribonucleoproteins (RNP) assciated with paramyxoviruses

Answer 3

RNA binding protein

Phosphoprotein

Large Polymerase

Question 4

Diagnosis of Newcaste Disease

Answer 4

Inoculation of embryonated specific pathogen free eggs and test for hemagglutination activity

ELISA

PCR

Question 5

Syncytia, cytoplasmic acidophilic inclusion bodies and acidophilic intranuclear inclusion bodies are histologic findings due to the replication of what type of viruses

Answer 5

Paramyxoviruses

Question 6

Replication of paramyxoviruses occurs

Answer 6

In the cytoplasm of infected cells

_________________

Also in the presence of actinomycin D or in enucleated cells - no nuclear function is required

Question 7

Diagnose NIPAH virus

Answer 7

Virus isolation - African Green Monkey Kidney and Rabbit Kidney Cells

Question 8

Transmssion of Newcastle Disease Virus

Answer 8

Direct Contact

Fomites

Question 9

5 Pathotypes of Newcastle Disease Virus

Answer 9

Viscerotropic Velogenic

Neurotropic Velogenic

Mesogenic

Lentogenic

Asymptomatic

Question 10

Diagnosis of Canine Distemper

Answer 10

Virus isolation

Question 11

Characteristics of the Mesogenic Strain of Newcastle Disease

Answer 11

Acute respiratory disease with neurological signs

Question 12

NIPAH Virus

Answer 12

Newly emerging zoonosis

Causes encephalitis and respiratory illness

Question 13

Newcastle Disease Virus belongs to what paramyxovirus genus

Answer 13

Avulavirus

Question 14

Pathogenesis of Canine Distemper

Answer 14

• Virus replicates in upper respiratory tract macrophages
• Spreads to tonsils and lymph nodes
• Infects all cells expressing CD150 - signal lymphocyte activation
• Enters blood stream and infects T and B cells
• Infection of lungs, bladder , skin

Question 15

Important role in the pathogenesis of paramyxoviruses

Answer 15

Spike glycoproteins

Question 16

Clinical signs of NIPAH virus in young pigs (1-6 months old)

Answer 16

Acute fever

Respiratory signs

Labored breathing

Nasal discharge

Loud non productive cough

Muscle fasciculation, myoclonus, limb weakness and spastic paralysis

Question 17

Characteristics of the Lentogenic Strain of Newcastle Disease Virus

Answer 17

Associated with subclinical disease, mild respiratory signs

Question 18

Clinical sign of what paramyxovirus disease

Answer 18

Canine Distemper

Canine Distemper Virus

Question 19

Characteristics of the Velogenic Strain of Newcastle Disease

Answer 19

Severe disease in chickens

Respiratory and Nervous System Signs

Ruffled feathers, oedema

Green or white watery diarrhea, dyspnea and inflammation of the head and neck often with cyanotic discoloration

Wing/leg paresis or paralysis, torticollis and aberrant circuling behavior

Sharp drop in egg production - eggs contain watery albumin

Sudden death

Question 20

Canine Distemper Virus belongs to what paramyxovirus genus

Answer 20

Morbilivirus

Question 21

Newcastle Disease

Answer 21

10 serotypes

5 pathotypes

Chickens highly susceptible

Wild brids and waterfowl harbor virus

Zoonotic

Question 22

Barking Pig Syndrome

Porcine Respiratory and Encephalitis Syndrome

Porcine Respiratory and Neurologic Syndrom

Answer 22

Disease in pigs caused by NIPAH Virus

Question 23

Clinical features of Canine Distemper

Answer 23

Inappetence

Fever

Respiratory Tract Infections

Conjunctivitis

GI Signs

Neurological signs - indicate poor prognosis

Hyperkeratosis

Question 24

T/F: NIPAH Virus can be used as a biological weapon

Answer 24

True

Question 25

NIPAH virus causes what in pigs

Answer 25

Severe respiratory disease

Question 26

Clinical sign of what paramyxovirus disease

Answer 26

Newcastle Disease Newcastle Disease Virus

Question 27

Which Newcastle Disease Virus strain is distributed worldwide

Answer 27

Lentogenic

Question 28

Membrane Proteins of Paramyxoviruses

Answer 28

Unglycosylated Matrix Protein Fusion protein Attachment Protein Hemagglutinin

Question 29

Transmission of Canine Distemper Virus

Answer 29

Shed in all secretions and excretions after 5th day of infection Virus stable in environment

Question 30

Paramyxovirus virion properties

Answer 30

Pelomorphic Enveloped "Herringbone" shaped nucelocapsid Linear, single stranded (-) sense RNA

Question 31

NIPAH virus causes what in humans

Answer 31

Severe, rapidly progressive encephalitis

Question 32

Clinical signs of NIPAH virus in suckling pigs and piglets (\< 1 month old)

Answer 32

Labored breathing Muscle tremors Limb weakness

Question 33

NIPAH virus is what biosafety level

Answer 33

Biosafety level 4 agent

Question 34

Transmission of NIPAH virus is via

Answer 34

Flying Foxes - Fruit Bats

Question 35

Lesions associated with velogenic strains of newcastle disease

Answer 35

Swelling of periorbital area or entire head Edema of interstital or peritracheal tissue of neck Edema, hemorrhage or degeneration of ovaries Edema, hemorrhage, necrosis or ulceration of respiratory/digestive lymphoid tissue

Question 36

NIPAH virus is a memeber of what paramyxovirus genus

Answer 36

Henipavirus

Question 37

Impact of Paramyxoviruss has been reduced beacuse of

Answer 37

Vaccination

Question 38

Canine Distemper Virus

Answer 38

Highly contagious, acute febrile disease of dogs