Paramyxoviridae Flashcards
Clinical sings of NIPAH virus in older animals ( > 6 months)
Acute fever
Neurologic signs
Open mouthed breathing
Sialorrhea
Abortions
Bovine Parainfluenza Virus 3
Cattle and Sheep
Respiratory Disease
Cessation of ciliary beating predisposes to secondary bacterial infection
Ribonucleoproteins (RNP) assciated with paramyxoviruses
RNA binding protein
Phosphoprotein
Large Polymerase
Diagnosis of Newcaste Disease
Inoculation of embryonated specific pathogen free eggs and test for hemagglutination activity
ELISA
PCR
Syncytia, cytoplasmic acidophilic inclusion bodies and acidophilic intranuclear inclusion bodies are histologic findings due to the replication of what type of viruses
Paramyxoviruses
Replication of paramyxoviruses occurs
In the cytoplasm of infected cells
_________________
Also in the presence of actinomycin D or in enucleated cells - no nuclear function is required
Diagnose NIPAH virus
Virus isolation - African Green Monkey Kidney and Rabbit Kidney Cells
Transmssion of Newcastle Disease Virus
Direct Contact
Fomites
5 Pathotypes of Newcastle Disease Virus
Viscerotropic Velogenic
Neurotropic Velogenic
Mesogenic
Lentogenic
Asymptomatic
Diagnosis of Canine Distemper
Virus isolation
Characteristics of the Mesogenic Strain of Newcastle Disease
Acute respiratory disease with neurological signs
NIPAH Virus
Newly emerging zoonosis
Causes encephalitis and respiratory illness
Newcastle Disease Virus belongs to what paramyxovirus genus
Avulavirus
Pathogenesis of Canine Distemper
- Virus replicates in upper respiratory tract macrophages
- Spreads to tonsils and lymph nodes
- Infects all cells expressing CD150 - signal lymphocyte activation
- Enters blood stream and infects T and B cells
- Infection of lungs, bladder , skin
Important role in the pathogenesis of paramyxoviruses
Spike glycoproteins
Clinical signs of NIPAH virus in young pigs (1-6 months old)
Acute fever
Respiratory signs
Labored breathing
Nasal discharge
Loud non productive cough
Muscle fasciculation, myoclonus, limb weakness and spastic paralysis
Characteristics of the Lentogenic Strain of Newcastle Disease Virus
Associated with subclinical disease, mild respiratory signs
Clinical sign of what paramyxovirus disease
Canine Distemper
Canine Distemper Virus
Characteristics of the Velogenic Strain of Newcastle Disease
Severe disease in chickens
Respiratory and Nervous System Signs
Ruffled feathers, oedema
Green or white watery diarrhea, dyspnea and inflammation of the head and neck often with cyanotic discoloration
Wing/leg paresis or paralysis, torticollis and aberrant circuling behavior
Sharp drop in egg production - eggs contain watery albumin
Sudden death
Canine Distemper Virus belongs to what paramyxovirus genus
Morbilivirus
Newcastle Disease
10 serotypes
5 pathotypes
Chickens highly susceptible
Wild brids and waterfowl harbor virus
Zoonotic
Barking Pig Syndrome
Porcine Respiratory and Encephalitis Syndrome
Porcine Respiratory and Neurologic Syndrom
Disease in pigs caused by NIPAH Virus
Clinical features of Canine Distemper
Inappetence
Fever
Respiratory Tract Infections
Conjunctivitis
GI Signs
Neurological signs - indicate poor prognosis
Hyperkeratosis
T/F: NIPAH Virus can be used as a biological weapon
True
NIPAH virus causes what in pigs
Severe respiratory disease
Clinical sign of what paramyxovirus disease
Newcastle Disease
Newcastle Disease Virus
Which Newcastle Disease Virus strain is distributed worldwide
Lentogenic
Membrane Proteins of Paramyxoviruses
Unglycosylated Matrix Protein
Fusion protein
Attachment Protein Hemagglutinin
Transmission of Canine Distemper Virus
Shed in all secretions and excretions after 5th day of infection
Virus stable in environment
Paramyxovirus virion properties
Pelomorphic
Enveloped
“Herringbone” shaped nucelocapsid
Linear, single stranded (-) sense RNA
NIPAH virus causes what in humans
Severe, rapidly progressive encephalitis
Clinical signs of NIPAH virus in suckling pigs and piglets (< 1 month old)
Labored breathing
Muscle tremors
Limb weakness
NIPAH virus is what biosafety level
Biosafety level 4 agent
Transmission of NIPAH virus is via
Flying Foxes - Fruit Bats
Lesions associated with velogenic strains of newcastle disease
Swelling of periorbital area or entire head
Edema of interstital or peritracheal tissue of neck
Edema, hemorrhage or degeneration of ovaries
Edema, hemorrhage, necrosis or ulceration of respiratory/digestive lymphoid tissue
NIPAH virus is a memeber of what paramyxovirus genus
Henipavirus
Impact of Paramyxoviruss has been reduced beacuse of
Vaccination
Canine Distemper Virus
Highly contagious, acute febrile disease of dogs
