Circoviridae Flashcards
Clinical signs of Porcine Dermatitis and Nephropathy Syndrome (PDNS)
Necrotizing skin lesions
Necrotizing vasculitis
Necrotizing and fibrinous glomerulonephritis
Etiology of Chicken Infectious Anemia
Chicken Anemia VIrus (CAV)
Etiology of Post Weaning Multisystemic Wasting Syndrome (PMWS)
Porcine Circovirus 2
Circovirus viral DNA replication occurs in
the nucleus
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Requires cellular proteins and other components produced during the S phase of the cell cycle
Common co infections associated with Post weaning multisystemic wasting syndrome
Porcine Parvovirus
Porcine Reproductive and Respiratory Virus
SIV
Mycoplasma hyopneumoniae
Diagnosis of Circovirus
Clinical Signs
Samples
Histopathology
Serological Assays
PCV2 nucleic acids by PCR
Diagnosis of Chicken Infectious Anemia
Clinical Signs
Examination of blood
Necropsy
Histopathology
Serology
Virus isolation
PCR
Vaccination for Post weaning multisystemic wasting syndrome
Chimeric Vaccine - utilize the non pathogenic porcine circovirus 1 as a genetic backbone for expression of immunogenic capsid protien of PCV2
Diseases associated with genus gyrovirus
Chicken Infectious Anemia
Transmisison of Post weaning multisystemic wasting syndrome
Fecal-Oral Transmission
Virus found in all secretions
Vertical Transmission - Transplacental transmission
Stable and survies on fomites
Host of Chicken Infectious Anemia
Highly contagious disease of young chickens
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2-4 weeks of age
Distribution of post weaning multisystemic wasting syndrome (PMWS)
Worldwide
Clinical signs of post weaning multisystemic wasting syndrom
Subclinical infection is most common
Lethargy, weight loss, cough, dyspnea, slow growth, lymphadenopathy, diarrhea, skin discoloration, congenital tremors, icterus
Describe the genome of Genus Gyrovirus
Circular, Single stranded negative sense DNA
Clinical signs of Chicken Infectious Anemia
Chicks are anorectic, lethargic, depressed, reduced body weight, and pale
Blood may be watery and clot slowly
PCV low
Subcutaneous hemorrhages, skeletal hemorrhages and pale muscles
Characteristics of Porcine Dermatitis and Nephropathy Syndrome (PDNS)
Sporadic
Reported in older piglets
Transmission of Chicken Infectious Anemia
Virus shed in feces and feather dander
Horizontal transmission through inhalation or oral exposure
Vertical transmission through egg
Environmentally stable
Morphology of Chicken Infectious Anemia Virus
12 Trumpet like structures that are less obvious in other circoviruses
Porcine Circovirus 2 primarly targets
Cardiomyocytes
Hepatocytes
Macrophages - fetal life
Monocytes - post natal life
Apoptin Protein
Protein of Chicken Anemia Virus that induces apoptosis and cause destruction of infected lymphocytes
Etiology of Porcine Dermatitis and Nephropathy Syndrome (PDNS)
Porcine Circovirus 2
Circovirus replication occurs in
Actively dividing cell
Characteristics of Family Circoviridae
Small viruses
Circular single stranded DNA genomes
Virions are small, nonenveloped, spherical
Effect of transplacental infection on the fetus
Infection during the first and second trimesters - fetal death and resorption or aborted fetuses with severe cardiace congestion
Infection during the last trimester has minimal effect on fetus
Principal sites of Chicken Infectious Anemia Virus replication are
Hemocytoblasts in the bone marrow, precursor T cells in the cortex of the Thymus and dividing CD4 and CD8 cells in the spleen
Goal for vaccinating against chicken infectious anemia
Protect the progeny from vaccinated breeders from early infections by means of maternally derived antibodies
Post weaning multisystemic wasting syndrome is characterized by
Individual to coalescing foci of granulomatous inflammation in lymphoid tissues, lungs, liver, kidney, heart and intestines sometime with prominent botryoid intracytoplasmic inclusion bodies
Host of Post Weaning Multisystemic Wasting Syndrome (PMWS)
Pigs
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Most common at 4-6 wees or age or 2-3 weeks post weaning
Describe the genome of Genus Circovirus
Circular, single-stranded ambisense DNA
Consistent feature in pigs that develop clinical post weaning multisystemic wasting syndrome
Lymphoid depletion and lymphopenia
