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RUSVM Virology > Herpesvirales > Flashcards

Herpesvirales Flashcards

1
Q

Final production of infectious virions are released from the host cell by

A

Lysis

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2
Q

Characteristics of Equid Herpesvirus 3

A

Acute disease - mild

Does not cause systemic disease

Incidence of antibodies is 50% in sexually active horses

May be accompanied by respiratory disease in young horses

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3
Q

Infection of suid herpesvirus 1 during the first trimester results in

A

absorption of fetues and return to oestrrus

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4
Q

Categories of encoded genes of herpes viruses

A

Genes encoding proteins responsible for regulatory functions and virus replication (early genes)

Genes coding for structural proteins (late genes)

Optimal genes - not found in all herpes viruses and not essential for replication

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5
Q

Properties of herpes virions

A

Enveloped with core enclosed in capsid

Viral genome is simple linear dsDNA

Capsid surrounded by tegument covered by lipoprotein envelope

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6
Q

Suid Herpes Virus 1 disease may manifest as

A

Neurological, respiratory or reproductive failure

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7
Q

Clinical signs associated with equine herpesvirus 1 infection

A

Fever - 102-105

Decreased circulating WBCs

Mild serous or seromucous nasal discharge

Nasal mucosa bright red and congested with blood

Ocular discharge and conjunctivitis

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8
Q

Secondary hosts of Suid Herpesvirus 1

A

Cattle

Sheep

Dogs

Cats

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9
Q

Pathogenesis of Gallid Herpesvirus 2

A

Epithelial cells of respiratory tract infected productively

Viremia by macrophages leads to infection of lymphocytes

Proliferation of T cells transformed by the virus to produce lymphomas

Healthy chickens carry virus life long

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10
Q

Examples of diseases caused by Bovine Herpesvirus 1 (BHV 1)

A

Rhinotracheitis

Vulvovaginitis

Balanoposthitis

Conjunctivitis and Enteritis

Abortion

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11
Q

Ocular Lymphomatosis

A

Rare

Leads to graying of the iris of one or both eyes

Pupil irregular

Partial or total blindness

Mortality rare

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12
Q

Cutaneous Mareks Disease

A

Recognized after plucking the feathers

Round nodular lesions at feather follicles

Non feathered areas on legs are redded - Red leg syndrome

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13
Q

Transmission of Equid Herpesvirus 3

A

Direct genital contact

Nasogenital transmistion

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14
Q

Characteristics of Balanoposthitis in bulls

A

Similar clinical course as IPV

Lesions on penis and prepuce

Animal carries virus life long

Virus is latent in sciatic and trigeminal ganglia and sheds periodically

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15
Q

Characteristics of Gammaherpesvirinae

A

Narrow host range

Become latent in lymphocytes

Do not cause significant disease in natural host

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16
Q

Replication of herpes viruses

A
  1. Virion bind to cell PM, virion envelope fuses releasing capsid and tegument proteins into cytoplasm
  2. Capsid transported to nuclear pore, DNA released into nucleus
  3. Virion shut off protein (vhs) cause degradation of host mRNA
  4. VP16 localize in nucleus
  5. Viral DNA circularizes
  6. Viral DNA transcribed
  7. Alpha proteins transactivate Beta gene transcription
  8. Viral DNA synthesis stimulates Gamma gene expression
  9. Gamma proteins involved in assembling capsid in nucleus and modifying membranes for virion formation
  10. Viral DNA enclosed in capsid
  11. Capid buds through inner membrane to form enveloped virion
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17
Q

Etiology of malignant Catarrhal Fever (MCF)

A

Alcelaphine Herpesvirus

Ovine Herpesvirus 2

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18
Q

Processing of herpes virions occurs in the

A

Cytoplasm

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19
Q

Clinical signs of Infectious Bovine Rhinotrachitis

A

Fever

Depression

Inappetence

Profuse nasal discharge - serous to mucopurulent

Lesions in the nasal cavity

Smelly breath

Dyspnea

Bronchial cough

Conjunctivitis with profuse lacrimation

Gastroenteritis

Abortion

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20
Q

Synthesis of herpes viral DNA and capsid assembly occurs in the

A

Nucleus

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21
Q

Post mortem lesions of aborted fetuses infected with Equid herpesvirus 1

A

Advanced icterus

Excessive fluid in body cavities

Distention of lungs

Splenomegaly

Numerous pale necrotic foci on surface of liver and lung

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22
Q

Diagnosis of malignant catarrhal fever (MCF)

A

History

Clinical signs

Virus isolation from peripheral blood leukocytes

PCR

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23
Q

Malignant Catarrhal Fever (MCF)

A

Generalized lymphoproliferative disease of cattle and some wild ruminants

Often fatal

Virus infects lyphoid tissue and cells of the mucosal lining of the respiratory and GI tract

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24
Q

Acute infection bovine rhinotrachitits occurs how long after infection

A

5-10 days

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25
Countries that claim to be free of Bovine Herpes Virus 1
Finland Sweden Denmark Switzerland Austria
26
Clinical features of malignant catarrhal fever (MCF)
Fever, depression, profuse nasal, ocular discharge and salivation Bilateral corneal opacity often leading to blindness Extensive nasal and GI mucosal erosion
27
Latent infections are common in herpes infections, reactivation can be due to
Stress
28
4 genera of Alphaherpesvirinae
Simplexvirus Varicellovirus Mardivirus Iltovirus
29
Variations of Gallid Herpesvirus 2
Acute Mareks Disease Ocular Lymphomatosis Cutaneous Mareks Disease
30
Acute Mareks Disease
Young Chicken Depression followed by ataxia Paralysis Mortality may occur without neurological signs Nerve lesions found on post mortem
31
Transmission of Suid Herpesvirus 1
Pigs recovering from infection - excrete virus in saliva and nasal secretions, urine and feces
32
Diagnosis of equine herpes virus 1
Clinical presentation of abortion Gross histiological lesions on aborted fetuses Intranuclear inclusion bodies in tissues Immunohistochemistry PCR Virus isolation Samples for testing
33
Clinical signs of Gallid Herpesvirus 2
Lymphoproliferative syndrome Lymphomas Symmetric or asymmetric paralysis of wings or legs Incoordination Wing drooping Twisted neck
34
T/F- Vaccination against Bovine Herpes Virus 1 prevents infection
False \_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_ Reduces incidence and severity of disease
35
Equid Herpesvirus 3 is analogous to
Human Genital Herpes caused by HSV 1 or 2
36
4 genera of Gammaherpesvirinae
Lymphocryptovirus Macavirus Rercavirus Rhadinovirus
37
Infectious pustular vulvaginitis may result from
Coitus or artificial insemination with infected semen
38
Diagnosis of bovine herpes virus 1
Clinical presentation PCR Immunoflorescence Virus isolation ELISA Histopathology Pulmotest BHV1 \_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_ Many infections may be subclinical
39
Encephalomyelitis caused by equine herpesvirus 1 is caused by
Destruction of endothelial cells of arterioles of the brain and spinal cord \_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_ NOT due to virus infection
40
Diagnosis of Gallid Herpesvirus 2
History, age, clinical signs and gross necropsy of large number of birds Histopathology Detection of viral antigens by immunofluorescence Virus neutralization PCR
41
Characteristics of respiratory disease caused by equine herpesvirus 1
Affects young horses Virus replicates in upper respiratory tract epithelium and local lymph nodes Mild illness
42
Transmission of herpes viruses
Mucosal contact Droplet infection Transplacental
43
Diagnosis of Equid Herpesvirus 3
Paired serology Isolation of EHV 3 from active lesions PCR
44
Biological properties of herpesviruses
Nucleic acid metabolism DNA synthesis Protein processing Synthesis of viral DNA and capsid assembly in nucleus Processing of virions in cytoplasm Infectious virions cause lysis of host cell Induce latency
45
Main method of control for Gallid Herpesvirus 2
Vaccination
46
Clinical signs of Suid Herpes Virus 1 in primary host
Young animal may die without symptoms High fever, depression, anorexia, tremors, dog sitting position, vomiting, foaming from mouth, paddling, convulsions
47
Lesions from infectious pustular vulvaginitis disappear within how long
10-14 days
48
Common name for diseases caused by Suid Herpes Virus 1
Pseudorabies (PRV) Aujeszky's Disease Virus
49
Microscopic lesions characterisitc of Equid Herpes Virus infection
Bronchiolitis and intestinal pneumonitis Severe necrosis of splenic white pulp Focal necrossi of liver and adrenal glands Presence of intranuclear inclusion bodies in many cells Encephalomyelitis
50
Infection of suid herpesvirus 1 close to term may result in
Infected piglets that die within a few days
51
Clinical signs of Infectious pustular vulvaginitis (IPV)
Fever Anorexia Tail head away from vulva area Frequent and painful micturtion Vulva labia swollen Light vulva discharge Small pustules that form ulceration
52
Clinical features of Equid Herpesvirus 1
Infection through the respiratory tract Virema and systemic disease manifestation Abortion may occur with no premonitory signs Systemic disease can occur in foals Mild ataxia, urinary inconsistence, hind limb paralysis and death
53
Pathogenesis of Suid Herpesvirus 1
Virus replicates in tonsil epithelium Short period of viremia Spreads to CNS and becomes latent
54
4 genera of Betaherpesvirus
Cytomegalovirus Muromegalovirus Proboscivirus Roseolovirus
55
Most important viral cause of abortion in horses world wide
Equid Herpesvirus 1
56
3 subfamilies of Herpesviridae family
Alphaherpesvirinae Betaherpesvirinae Gammaherpesvirinae
57
Transmission of Gallid Herpesvirus 2
Inhalation of dander
58
Diagnosis of Suid Herpesvirus 1
History Signs Gross and Macroscopic Leisons Serologic testing SN Immunofluorescence
59
Alloherpesviridae Family
Includes herpesviruses of fish and frogs
60
Infection of suid herpesvirus 1 in the second or third trimester results in
Bortion or mummified, stillborn or weak piglets
61
Characteristics of Gallid Herpesvirus 2 (Mareks Disease)
Alphaherpesvirus Important disease of chickens Lymphoproliferative disease
62
Virus identification of equine herpesvirus 1 is important becasue
Equid herpesvirus 4 can also cause abortions, but is more sporadic
63
Clinical signs of suid herpesvirus 1 in secondary host
Intense pruritis Psudorabies - paralysis of jaws and pharynx, drooling Frenzied animals due to intense pruritis
64
Clinical signs of Equid Herpesvirus 3
Formation of pustular ulceration on vaginal and vestibular mucosae Pustules develop on penis and prepuce
65
Malacoherpesviridae family
Includes herpesviruses of oysters

RUSVM Virology (35 decks)

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