Pain Meds Exam Flashcards
tramadol
centrally acting analgesic
MOA: binds weakly to mu opioid receptors to inhibit reuptake of both norepi and serotonin
moderate to severe pain
SE: usually none: drowsy, dizzy, headache, nausea
-RARE: seizures when combined with other CNS depressants
gapapentin
anti-convulsants
MOA: thought to spontaneously suppress neuronal firing - suppresses neurons “talking”
Used for NEUROPATHIC PAIN
SE: drowsy, dizzy, visual problems
can be only PARTIALLY reversed by Naloxone
schedule 5
pregablin
anti-convulsant
MOA: spontaneously suppress neuronal firing
NEUROPATHIC PAIN
SE: drowsy, dizzy, visual problems
can only be partially reversed by Naloxone
T/F: Acetaminophen has anti-inflammatory properties?
False, acetaminophen is not a true NSAID and does not have anti-inflammatory properties
What are the types of NSAIDS
asprin, ibuprofen, naproxen, ketorolac, celecoxib
aspirin
non selective COX inhibitor
pain, fever, anti inflammatory
blocks pain impulses by inhibiting COX-1 and COX-2 in CNS and reduces inflammation by inhibition of prostaglandin
BLACK BOX: Cardiovascular Risk, GI Risk
SE: salicylate poisoning/toxicity, Reye’s Syndrome
DO NOT GIVE TO CHILDREN
ibuprofen
non-selective COX inhibitor
pain, fever, inflammation
MOA: blocks pain impulses by inhibiting COX-1 and COX-2 in CNS
BLACK BOX: GI, Cardiovascular
SE: GI upset, stomach ulcers, GI bleeding, kidney failure
naproxen
non selective COX inhibitor
pain, fever, inflammation
MOA: blocks pain stimuli by inhibiting COX-1 and COX-2 in CNS
BLACK BOX: GI, Cardiovascular
SE: GI upset, stomach ulcers, kidney failure, GI bleeding
ketorolac
non selective COX inhibitor
SHORT TERM pain, fever, inflammation
MOA: blocks pain stimuli by inhibiting COX-1 and COX-2 in CNS
BLACK BOX: GI, Cardiovascular
SE: GI upset, GI bleeding, stomach ulcers, kidney failure, HIGH RISK FOR RENAL DYSFUNCTION
Most potent NSAID used for 5 days or less
celecoxib
COX-2 selective NSAID
pain, fever, inflammation
MOA: blocks pain by only blocking COX-2
BLACK BOX: GI, Cardiovascular
SE: less GI issues, Cardiovascular thrombotic events
acetaminophen
Not a true NSAID
pain and fever NO ANTI-INFLAMMATORY
MOA: unknown
ceiling effect - taking high doses does not increase effect
SE: liver failure
adult does restriction 4 grams/24 hrs
do not mix with alcohol
morphine
opioid
moderate to severe pain
MOA: mu agonist –> mimics the action of endogenous opioids at the mu receptors
- binds to the mu receptor and creates a response
Schedule II drug –> high potential for abuse
SE: respiratory depression, CNS depression, constipation
hydromorphone
opioid
severe pain
Schedule II drug
SE: respiratory depression, CNS depression, constipation, dry mouth, drowsiness
fentanyl
opioid
moderate to severe pain
VERY STRONG
completely synthetic
meperidine
synthetic opioid & schedule II drug
moderate to severe pain
SE: seizures
lots of drug/drug interactions
