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Anes > Pain Managment > Flashcards

Pain Managment Flashcards

1
Q

which agents inhibit transuction (senesation via nociceptors)

A

local anes, opiods, NSAIDs

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2
Q

which agents inhibit transmission along peripheral nerves

A

local anes, a2 agonists

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3
Q

which agents inhibit modulation of spinal pathway/ central sensitization

A

opiods, NSAIDs, NMDA antagonists, a2 agonists, local anes

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4
Q

which agents inhibit perception via brain

A

general anes, opiods, as agonists

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5
Q

bupivicaine and lidocaine examples of

differences?

A

local anesthetics
lidocaine= faster onset, lasts 2-3 hr
bupivicaine= lasts 4-8 hr

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6
Q

what NSAID stands for

A

non-steroidal anti-inflammatory

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7
Q

mechanism of NSAID action (how they work)

A

inhibit inflammatory affects (edema, pain, etc) of prostaglandin by inhibiting enzymes involved in prostaglandin production

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8
Q

what NSAIDs do besides provide anti-inflammation

A

good for somatic pain, some visceral, antipyretic (fever reducer)

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9
Q

these 2 enzymes catalyze reactions that break down Arachidonic acid, making prostaglandins

A

COX-1 and COX-2

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10
Q

difference between prostaglndin formed by arachidonic acid broken down by COX-1 and COX-2

A

COX-1–> prostaglandin used for homeostatic funcitons

COX-2 –> for inflammation

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11
Q

inhibiting which enzyme, that helps form prostaglandin, gives the most analgesic effect

A

COX-2

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12
Q

side effects of NSAIDs (if inhibit COX1 and 2)

A

COX-1 isnt formed, prostaglandins for homeostasis not formed, animal prone to GI ulceration or GI bleeding bc weak mucousa, liver/renal disease, clotting inhibition

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13
Q

what is non-selective NSAIDs, examples?

A

inhibit COX-1 and 2; asprin, flunixin, meglumine, Ketorophen, phenylbutazone

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14
Q

what is a selective NSAID? examples?

A

only inhibit COX-2; carprofen, meloxicam, deracoxib, firocoxib, robenacoxib

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15
Q

NSAID safe for cats in renal failure

A

Meloxicam

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16
Q

NSAID for osteoarthritis pain in dogs and horses

A

Firocoxib

17
Q

good NSAID for musculoskeletal pain w DJD, hip dysplasia, etc.

A

Carprofen

18
Q

NSAID for cats in postoperative pain

A

Roberacoxib

meloxicam also usable for cats

19
Q

what is acetaminophen? what animals can it be given to?

A

Tylenol (not an NSAID!) used in humans to reduce pain and fever.
dont give to animals, esp. cats. v toxic to cats

20
Q

what a2 agonists cause (analgesia or sedation?)

A

both

21
Q

natural pain killers that opiods act as

A

enorphins

22
Q

syntetic opiods are called

example?

A

opiates

tramadol- activity on Mu receptors

23
Q

these agents can inhibit the NMDA receptors responsible for wind-up pain

A

dissociatives (ketamine, tiletimine)

24
Q

what phase general anesthesia inhibits

A

perception

25
Q

what is Gabapentin

A

an anticonvulsant, was used as an anti-depressant in humans, provides analgesia against neurologic pain

26
Q

we must wean animals off any analgesic drugs after prolonged use, why is this so important for Gabapentin

A

sudden stopage may result in seizures

27
Q

what is CBD? what is THC?

A

CBD= 2nd most active ingredient in cannabis
THC= 1st most acitve
both in medical marijuana

28
Q

which can be used on animals? medical marijauana, CBD oil, both?

A

CBD oil

29
Q

pros of CBD oil

A

decreased pain, increased mobility, seizure control

30
Q

what is crytherapy? pros?

A

cold therapy, decreases swelling and pain; use for acute trauma

31
Q

what is thermotherapy good for

A

musculoskeletal pain, use for chronic conditions

32
Q

what is physiotherapy, massage, and chiropractics (in terms of pain MGMT)
pros?

A

manual manipulation of joints, muscles, spine, etc. promotes mobility, increases range of motion

33
Q

what is TENS

pros?

A

transcutaneous electrical nerve stimulation,

use of electrical current to stimulate nerves; decreases pain esp. chronic musculoskeletal pain

34
Q

how a theraputic laser is used for pain MGMT? pros?

A

light at certain wavelengths stimulates cells and increased blood circulation -> aids in healing, decreases pain
promotes wound healing

Anes (29 decks)

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