Injectable Gen Anes (Dissociatives) Flashcards
Dissociative anesthetics are called
Cyclohexamines
an animal in a dissociated state is in a ______ state
cataleptoid state (cataplexy)
what is a cataleptoid state (what is seen in animal)
patient unresponsive, muscles rigid, unaware, good superficial analgesia, no visceral analgesia
in a cataleptoid which reflexes are still present
PLR, palpebral, swallowing
characteristics of an animals eyes in a cataleptoid state
open, eyeball rotation centers pupils, fixed dilation
dissociative anesthetics affect on cardiovascular system
stimulate sympathetic NS causing increased HR, increased CO, increased Blood Pressure, may decrease intropy (arrythmics have higher risks)
define intropy
strength of heart contractions
dissociative anesthetics affect on respirations
v little depression, high doses cause apneustic breathing, increase in respiratory secretions
define apneustic breathing
pause at end of inspiration, short expiration, appears to hold breath
why you should not use dissociatives in patients undergoing CNS procedures
dissociatives lower seizure threshold
what occurs during recovery from these dissociative drugs (unique behaviors)
face-pawing (may be because of hallucinations)
Nystagmus
why we use anticholinergics before dissociative drugs
In what case would we not use the two
anticholinergics cause a decrease in salivation, dissociatives cause an increase.
both increase HR, don’t use in heart patients
2 dissociative drugs
Ketamine hydrochloride and Tiletamine (+zolazapam= telazol)
only instance in which a dissociative would be given PO
Ketamine for fractious cats
only instance in which a dissociative would be given SQ
Telazol (rare)
when would we give Ketamine on its own
for cats undergoing minor procedures
why we use diazapam with ketamine
ketamine causes stiff muscles, diazapam relaxes muscles
ketamine also lowes seizure threshold, diazepam is anticonvulsant
Ketamine recovery time for c/d
30-60 minutes IV, 2-6 hr IM (longer in cats)
why cats take longer to recover from ketamine than dogs
cats cant metabolize ketamine in liver, excrete intact via kidneys
what is Val-Ket, what is it for
Valium (Diazapam +Ketamine) for Ketamine effects+ sedation, muscle relaxation, and anti convulsant
an ARK procedure involves 3 shots of what 3 drugs
atropine, rompun, ketamine
how long reconstituted telazol lasts
ab 14 days
recovery may be longer in (ketamine or telazol)
telazol
reversing agent for cyclohexamines
none
why we dont use cylcohexamines for head trauma or eye Sx
increases the intraoccular and intracranial pressure
why we shoulnt use ketamine on its own for dogs
seizure potential
