P3 - 21st century sport

Question 1

how was sport in the 21st century? (upper middle lower did what, why?) what were participation rates like for classes and gender?

Answer 1

Some sports are still associated with certain classes.

Eg. Rugby, Golf - middle/upper
Eg. Football, Darts - working class

Social mobility is possible through sport - ‘rags to riches’ eg Boxing, Anthony Joshua.
Participation rates for 16+ are greater from higher socio-economic groups

40% participation from higher socio-economic groups

25% from manual and unemployed socio-economic groups
40% of men and only 20% of women take part in regular competitive sport.

Question 2

How did education change in 21st century sport?

Answer 2

Compulsory education with exams at the end of secondary school, then college and university for many.

Access to PE lessons, courses, and wide range of sports clubs for many.

But is sport equal or elitist?

87% of all pupils attend state comprehensive school vs 7% at private schools, BUT over 30% of medal winners from London 2012 were privately educated.

Question 3

How did law and order change in 21st century sport?

Answer 3

sport and law have become more closely linked than ever before.

Safety

Officials & coaches have a ‘duty of care’ to ensure the safety of the performers.

Event organisers have a responsibility to ensure a ‘duty of care’ to ensure the safety of spectators and performers.

All professional football grounds in the 21st century are still ALL-SEATER to improve safety.

In 2018, petition gained significant support to allow safe standing areas.

Sport is more equal.

Private clubs are now unable to discriminate against members based on gender.

Deviance

More laws are now in place to prevent the many forms of deviance (violence, gambling, illegal ergogenic aids).

Drugs

Bribery and corruption

Question 4

what are the pros and cons of the equality act?

Answer 4

Pros
Equal opportunities = fair
Increase female participation 
Increase female role models in the media = inspire others
Challenge stereotypes in sport

Against
Takes money away from male sports
Going to take years to catch up with men’s sport
Is it/could it ever actual work?
Still got gendering of activities
Not a sport-specific legislation e.g. media coverage, female presenters etc.

Question 5

How is time transport and money affected?

Answer 5

Most adults have weekends and evenings free to participate in physical activity.

Transport networks improve eg. Reduced air fares and more SMART motorways.

More disposable income - Many households have significant disposable income despite 2008 economic recession.