P1 - Gas exchange Flashcards
Explain the process off gas exchange at rest in the alveoli (lungs)
There is a diffusion gradient between the alveoli and the blood capillary. In the air there is a high particle pressure off oxygen, and in the blood capillary there is a low particle pressure off oxygen. so the oxygen diffuses into the blood as There is a diffusion gradient between the alveoli and the blood capillary as gasses move from an area of high partial pressure to an area of low partial pressure. In the air there is a low particle pressure off carbon dioxide, and in the blood capillary there is a high particle pressure off carbon dioxide. so the carbon dioxide moves into the the lungs and is expired out. due to diffusion.
Other than the partial pressure of oxygen lowering, what other effects cause an increase in the dissociation of oxygen? (bhor effect)
What is the bhor affect?
Increase in dissociation from increase in muscle temperature, increased production of c02 and increased production of lactic acid and carbonic acid.
Bohr shift is a move in the oxyhaemoglobin dissociation curve to the right
Whats the difference between gas exchange at lungs and muscles?
At the lungs co2 diffuses out of the capillaries into the alveoli and 02 from the alveoli into the blood capillaries . At the muscle the c02 diffuse from the muscle cells to the capillary and the 02 from the capillary to the muscle cell
Whats happens during exercise too gas exchange? what happens to the diffusion gradients? and rate? why?
During exercise there is a greater diffusion gradient between the o2 in the air and the 02 in the capillaries, so gas exchange happens at a faster rate. This is also because more oxygen is dissociated with around the body as the demand for 02 is higher. There is also a greater diffusion gradient between the co2 in the blood and the air because more co2 is produced so there is a greater particle pressure so gas exchange happens quicker.
What is association? (gas exchange)
what is dissociation?
association is the combining of oxygen with haemoglobin to form oxyhaemoglobin.
Dissociation is the release of oxygen from haemoglobin for gaseous exchange
how many oxygen molecules does a oxyhaemoglobin have?
What percentage of oxygen is dissociated during rest and exercise for the muscle?
- 25% dissociated at rest to diffuse with the muscle cells.
75% during exercise
What does the bohr curve do during recovery?
Associates back to the left to keep o2 saturation in the blood high so it can flush the body out of toxins and get it back to a pre exercise state
