Organelles Flashcards
organelle
a tiny cell structure that carries out a specific function within a cell
nucleus
stores DNA, double membrane, has nuclear envelop, attached to the ER through pores
cell membrane
thin, flexible barrier around a cell, it regulates what enters and leaves the cell
cytoplasm
everything outside the nucleus
chloroplasts
organelles that capture energy from the sunlight and use it to produce food for the cell
cell wall
In plant cells, this stiff wall surrounds the cell membrane, giving the cell a rigid, boxlike shape.
ribosome
can be free or associated with RER, protein synthesis
endoplasmic reticulum
the organelle that makes lipids, breaks down drugs and other substances, and packages proteins for the Golgi complex
mitochondria
convert food to ATP, double membrane, has DNA and Ribosomes
Golgi complex
packaging, sorting, and modifications of proteins
vacuole
stores water in plant cells
lysosome
the organelle that digests food particles, wastes, cell parts, and foreign invaders, has digestive enzymes
Difference between Rough ER and Smooth ER?
Rough ER has ribosomes while Smooth ER does not
Nucleolus
Located inside the nucleus
Makes ribosomes
Centriole
have microtubules that form spindles in cell division
Cytoskeleton
Cellular organelle composed of microfilaments, microtubules, and intermediate filaments that provide structure and shape for a cell and help the cell move.
thyloakoid
highly folded membrane in center of chloroplasts and is the site for photosynthetic electron chain
chlorophyll
helps cells capture energy from sunlight, its green because it can not absorb green wavelengths
Nuclear Envelope
cell structure, defines nucleus boundary
DNA
stores and transmits genetic information
RER
has ribosomes, protein synthesis
SER
lipid synthesis
Flagella
helps with swimming, long tails
vesicles
transports everything from one thing to another
cytosol
liquid portion of cytoplasm
