Opportunistic Infections Flashcards
Local Host factors that affect infection?
anatomical defectssurgical woundsburnscatheterisationforeign bodies
systemic host factors?
extremes of ageleucopeniamalignancymalnutritiondiabetesliver disease
what infections cause immune suppression?
HIVMeasles
2 Sources of opportunistic infections?
- Endogenous2. exogenous
which strains are often multiresistant?
nosocomial
Prevention of opportunistic infections?
Hand Hygiene
Pseudomonas is Gram?
-ve
Pseudomoas motile or non motile?
motile
Pseudomonas fermenting or sporing?
None for both
Pseudomonas aerobes? anaerobes?
Facultative anaerobes of aerobes
What colour is Pseudomonas pus?
pyocyanin
What normal environments do you find Pseudomonas?
moist environments: vases, sinks, bathes
what is a saprophyte?
grows freely in environment
Where is burkholderia pseudomallei: melioidosis?
Northern Territory
Pseudomonas sp. and antibiotics?
intrinsically resistant
Pseudomonas major problem in in people with?
cystic fibrosis
what is a fomite?
inanimate objects
Pseudomonas acquire resitance how?
other bacteria via plasmids
pathogenesis of Pseudomonas aeruginosa include 2 big strategies:
- biofilms
2. quorum sensing
2 superficial Pseudomonas aeruginosa infections?
- skin
2. eye
2 deep/systemic infections of Pseudomonas aeruginosa?
- pulmonary: CF
2. UTI, septicaemia
how does Pseudomonas aeruginosa adhere?
via flagella, pili, LPS
LPS of Pseudomonas aeruginosa binds normally to CFTR, what about in CF?
in CF, it’s not locked in so Pseudomonas aeruginosa can form biofilm
in biofilm mode: describe Pseudomonas aeruginosa?
increased resistance to antibiotics non-motile more capsular/mucoid less invasive slower growth
What happens when the biofilm reaches quorum?
genes change and turn back into bacterial mode
how does quorum sensing work in Pseudomonas aeruginosa?
light emission at high cell density
Why is Pseudomonas aeruginosa in biofilm bad for CF patients?
resist mechanical removal
Can’t remove Pseudomonas aeruginosa from environment so do what?
Prevention
Hand Hygiene
Pseudomonas aeruginosa low or high nutritional requirements?
Low
Pseudomonas aeruginosa prefers when what is reduced?
innate immunity
