Mycology Flashcards
Fungi are eukaryotic or prokaryotic? chlorophyll?
Eukaryotic
No cholorphyll
What are unicellular fungi? aerobic?reproduction? agar?
Yeasts
Facultative Aerobes
budding
colonies
What are filamentous fungi? aerobic?reproduction? agar?
moulds
aerobes
asexual spores/conidia
mycelia on agar
what are dimorphic fungi?
switch between unicellular and filamentous forms
which fungi best adapted to grow in humans?
dimorphic fungi
what are dermatophytes?
grow on skin, not invasive
what are opportunists?
biggest problem in med for immunocompromised
most famous dermatophyte?
Tinea
Mycetoma or maduromycosis is unique because?
Can be caused by BOTH:
- Bacteria: Nocardia
- Fungal: Madurella
Candidiasis/Thrush : 3 kinds:
mucocutaneous
chronic mucocutaneous
systemic (AIDS, neonates, septic)
what do you find near river red gums?
C. gattii Cryptococcosis
Cryptococcosis cause 2 diseases:
pulmonary infection
meningitis
2 examples of Cryptococcosis?
C. neoformans
C. gattii
Aspergillosis can cause 3 things:
- Saprophytic
- allergic
- systemic:
Which Aspergillosis is worst kind?
systemic
Aspergillosis likes to infect what areas of body?
pre-existing cavities (can look like tumour)
Can you detect fungal antigen?
Yes, the capsules
Latex agglutination
Fungal detection today uses?
Mass Spec
4 systemic antifungals:
- polyenes
- triazoles
- echinocandins
- 5-flurocytosine (oldest)
2 topical anti-fungals:
- polyenes
2. imidazoles
What are the two main targets of antifungals?
- ergosterol in membrane (polyenes, triazoles)
2. nucleic acids (5-flurocytosine)
can you inject amphotericin B?
Nope. deadly.
Treatment for Candida?
fluconazole
amphotericin B
caspofungin
Treatment for cryptococcus?
amphtericin B + 5 flurocytosine
Treatment for aspergillus?
voriconazole; amphotericin B
Treatment for dimorphic fungi?
amphotericin B
Treatment for dermatophytosis? 3 topical?
- terbinafine
- clotrimazole
- amorolfine
Treatment for dermatophytosis? 3 systemic?
- terbinafine (only if widely disseminated)
- fluconazole
- griseofulvin
