Anti-Inflammatories

Question 1

Anti-inflammatory drugs target?

Answer 1

Eicosanoids

Question 2

glucocorticoids inhibit what release?

Answer 2

Arachadonic acid and metabolism

Question 3

NSAIDS inhibit what only?

Answer 3

cyclo-oxygenases: COX1 and COX2

Question 4

CysLT1 receptor antagonists block?

Answer 4

LTC4, LTD4 actions

Question 5

Cox1 found?

Answer 5

all cells

Question 6

COX2 found?

Answer 6

inducible

inflamm cells, smooth muscle, endothelium, fibroblasts

Question 7

What condition has high COX2?

Answer 7

tumours

Question 8

CB1 and CB2 (Canabinoids) receptors effects?

Answer 8

analgesia
anti-inflamm
sedation
appetite stim

Question 9

Why not prostaglandins as drugs? Eg.?

Answer 9

unstable and expensive
eg. PGI2 (pulmonary hypertension)
PGE1

Question 10

NSAIDS do 3 main things and 1 extra sometimes

Answer 10

1. anti-inflamm
2. analgesic
3. anti-pyretic
4. anti-aggregatory (aspirin)

Question 11

NSAIDS curative?

Answer 11

Nope. Palliative

Question 12

what is preferred for antipyretic?

Answer 12

paracetamol

Question 13

4 big adverse effects of NSAIDS?

Answer 13

1. GI
2. bleeding time
3. renal
4. pulmonary

Question 14

PGE2 does what?

Answer 14

GI: 
increase mucus
reduce acid
promote blood flow
promote angiogenesis

Question 15

NSAIDS inhibit which prostaglandins?

Answer 15

PGE2

PGI2

Question 16

how do NSAIDS affect bleeding time?

Answer 16

1. decreases thromboxane A2 synthesis

2. impaired platelet aggregation

Question 17

how do NSAIDS affect renal?

Answer 17

decreased prostaglandin dilatation so compromised blood flow

Question 18

NSAIDS can cause what kind of pulmonary effects?

Answer 18

bronchoconstriction in 10% of asthmatics d/t overproduction of leukotrienes

Question 19

Aspirin contraindicated in 3 things:

Answer 19

1. Reye’s Syndrome (kids causes hepatotoxicity)
2. Tinnitis
3. Gout

Question 20

Apirin 2 special features?

Answer 20

1. irreversible binding in platelets: increase PGI2, less TxA2
2. Aspirin triggered Lipoxins for inflamm resolution

Question 21

Aspirin lasts how long in blood?

Answer 21

few hours

Question 22

How much is low-dose aspirin?

Answer 22

80mg per day

Question 23

Aspirin triggered Lipoxin formed how?

Answer 23

acetylated COX2 and Ligands for FPR2

Question 24

Aspirin in kids?

Answer 24

Not under 12 years old

Question 25

Paracetamol an anti-inflammatory?

Answer 25

Nope

Question 26

purpose of paracetamol?

Answer 26

1. analgesic

2. antipyretic

Question 27

Celecoxib inhibits what?

Answer 27

COX2>COX1
less GI
less anti-platelets (platelets are COX1)

Question 28

COX-2 selectivity first year of a study?

Answer 28

No divergence then saw effect 2nd year

Question 29

Which COX is the main prostacyclin producer with blood flow?

Answer 29

COX2, COX1 in stasis

Question 30

Indication for glucocorticoids 2 main:

Answer 30

Addison’s

Anti-inflammatory

Question 31

Anti-inflammatory use of glucocorticoids?

Answer 31

1. asthma
2. topical
3. hypersensitivity: severe allergic reactions
4. rheumatoid arthritis

Question 32

glucocorticoids decrease inflamm how?

Answer 32

targets NFkB to decrease cytokines
Neural endopeptidase
GILZ

Question 33

glucocorticoids adverse effects?

Answer 33

immunosuppression
ulcers
slow wound healing

Question 34

The ‘mabs’ neutralize what? used in what?

Answer 34

TNF-alpha

used for Rheumatoid arthritis