Opioid Drugs Flashcards
1
Q
What is Morphine’s drug class?
A
Opioid analgesic
2
Q
What is the mechanism of action of Morphine?
A
Binds to opioid receptors in the brain and spinal cord to reduce pain perception
3
Q
What are the drug targets of Morphine?
A
Mu-opioid receptors
4
Q
What is the expected time for effect of Morphine?
A
15-60 minutes
5
Q
What are the pharmacodynamics of Morphine?
A
Provides analgesia, sedation, and euphoria
6
Q
What is the absorption characteristic of Morphine?
A
Well absorbed orally, but significant first-pass metabolism
7
Q
What is the distribution characteristic of Morphine?
A
Widely distributed throughout the body
8
Q
How is Morphine excreted?
A
Primarily renal
9
Q
What is the metabolism of Morphine?
A
Hepatic
10
Q
What are the dosage ranges for Morphine?
A
10-30 mg every 4 hours as needed
11
Q
What is a key fact about Morphine?
A
High potential for addiction and abuse
12
Q
What is Dilaudid’s drug class?
A
Opioid analgesic
13
Q
What is the mechanism of action of Dilaudid?
A
Binds to opioid receptors in the brain and spinal cord to reduce pain perception
14
Q
What are the drug targets of Dilaudid?
A
Mu-opioid receptors
15
Q
What is the expected time for effect of Dilaudid?
A
15-30 minutes
16
Q
What are the pharmacodynamics of Dilaudid?
A
Provides analgesia, sedation, and euphoria
17
Q
What is the absorption characteristic of Dilaudid?
A
Well absorbed orally
18
Q
What is the distribution characteristic of Dilaudid?
A
Widely distributed throughout the body
19
Q
How is Dilaudid excreted?
A
Primarily renal
20
Q
What is the metabolism of Dilaudid?
A
Hepatic
21
Q
What are the dosage ranges for Dilaudid?
A
2-4 mg every 4-6 hours as needed
22
Q
What is a key fact about Dilaudid?
A
More potent than morphine
23
Q
What is Codeine’s drug class?
A
Opioid analgesic
24
Q
What is the mechanism of action of Codeine?
A
Binds to opioid receptors in the brain and spinal cord to reduce pain perception
25
What are the drug targets of Codeine?
Mu-opioid receptors
26
What is the expected time for effect of Codeine?
30-60 minutes
27
What are the pharmacodynamics of Codeine?
Provides analgesia and cough suppression
28
What is the absorption characteristic of Codeine?
Well absorbed orally
29
What is the distribution characteristic of Codeine?
Widely distributed throughout the body
30
How is Codeine excreted?
Primarily renal
31
What is the metabolism of Codeine?
Hepatic (converted to morphine)
32
What are the dosage ranges for Codeine?
15-60 mg every 4-6 hours as needed
33
What is a key fact about Codeine?
Less potent than morphine
34
What is Oxycodone's drug class?
Opioid analgesic
35
What is the mechanism of action of Oxycodone?
Binds to opioid receptors in the brain and spinal cord to reduce pain perception
36
What are the drug targets of Oxycodone?
Mu-opioid receptors
37
What is the expected time for effect of Oxycodone?
10-30 minutes
38
What are the pharmacodynamics of Oxycodone?
Provides analgesia, sedation, and euphoria
39
What is the absorption characteristic of Oxycodone?
Well absorbed orally
40
What is the distribution characteristic of Oxycodone?
Widely distributed throughout the body
41
How is Oxycodone excreted?
Primarily renal
42
What is the metabolism of Oxycodone?
Hepatic
43
What are the dosage ranges for Oxycodone?
5-15 mg every 4-6 hours as needed
44
What is a key fact about Oxycodone?
High potential for addiction and abuse
45
What is Percadan/Percocet's drug class?
Opioid analgesic combination
46
What is the mechanism of action of Percadan/Percocet?
Binds to opioid receptors in the brain and spinal cord to reduce pain perception; acetaminophen inhibits prostaglandin synthesis
47
What are the drug targets of Percadan/Percocet?
Mu-opioid receptors
48
What is the expected time for effect of Percadan/Percocet?
10-30 minutes
49
What are the pharmacodynamics of Percadan/Percocet?
Provides analgesia, sedation, and euphoria
50
What is the absorption characteristic of Percadan/Percocet?
Well absorbed orally
51
What is the distribution characteristic of Percadan/Percocet?
Widely distributed throughout the body
52
How is Percadan/Percocet excreted?
Primarily renal
53
What is the metabolism of Percadan/Percocet?
Hepatic
54
What are the dosage ranges for Percadan/Percocet?
2.5-10 mg oxycodone every 6 hours as needed
55
What is a key fact about Percadan/Percocet?
High potential for addiction and abuse
56
What is Methadone's drug class?
Opioid analgesic
57
What is the mechanism of action of Methadone?
Binds to opioid receptors in the brain and spinal cord to reduce pain perception
58
What are the drug targets of Methadone?
Mu-opioid receptors
59
What is the expected time for effect of Methadone?
30-60 minutes
60
What are the pharmacodynamics of Methadone?
Provides analgesia, sedation, and euphoria
61
What is the absorption characteristic of Methadone?
Well absorbed orally
62
What is the distribution characteristic of Methadone?
Widely distributed throughout the body
63
How is Methadone excreted?
Primarily renal
64
What is the metabolism of Methadone?
Hepatic
65
What are the dosage ranges for Methadone?
2.5-10 mg every 8-12 hours as needed
66
What is a key fact about Methadone?
Long half-life, used for opioid dependence treatment
67
What is Fentanyl's drug class?
Opioid analgesic
68
What is the mechanism of action of Fentanyl?
Binds to opioid receptors in the brain and spinal cord to reduce pain perception
69
What are the drug targets of Fentanyl?
Mu-opioid receptors
70
What is the expected time for effect of Fentanyl?
1-2 minutes (IV)
71
What are the pharmacodynamics of Fentanyl?
Provides analgesia, sedation, and euphoria
72
What is the absorption characteristic of Fentanyl?
Rapidly absorbed via IV, transdermal, and transmucosal routes
73
What is the distribution characteristic of Fentanyl?
Widely distributed throughout the body
74
How is Fentanyl excreted?
Primarily renal
75
What is the metabolism of Fentanyl?
Hepatic
76
What are the dosage ranges for Fentanyl?
25-100 mcg every 1-2 hours as needed
77
What is a key fact about Fentanyl?
Extremely potent, high risk of overdose
78
What is Meperidine's drug class?
Opioid analgesic
79
What is the mechanism of action of Meperidine?
Binds to opioid receptors in the brain and spinal cord to reduce pain perception
80
What are the drug targets of Meperidine?
Mu-opioid receptors
81
What is the expected time for effect of Meperidine?
10-15 minutes (IV)
82
What are the pharmacodynamics of Meperidine?
Provides analgesia, sedation, and euphoria
83
What is the absorption characteristic of Meperidine?
Well absorbed orally and parenterally
84
What is the distribution characteristic of Meperidine?
Widely distributed throughout the body
85
How is Meperidine excreted?
Primarily renal
86
What is the metabolism of Meperidine?
Hepatic
87
What are the dosage ranges for Meperidine?
50-150 mg every 3-4 hours as needed
88
What is a key fact about Meperidine?
Risk of neurotoxicity with prolonged use
89
What is Tramadol's drug class?
Opioid analgesic
90
What is the mechanism of action of Tramadol?
Binds to opioid receptors and inhibits reuptake of norepinephrine and serotonin
91
What are the drug targets of Tramadol?
Mu-opioid receptors
92
What is the expected time for effect of Tramadol?
30-60 minutes
93
What are the pharmacodynamics of Tramadol?
Provides analgesia and mild euphoria
94
What is the absorption characteristic of Tramadol?
Well absorbed orally
95
What is the distribution characteristic of Tramadol?
Widely distributed throughout the body
96
How is Tramadol excreted?
Primarily renal
97
What is the metabolism of Tramadol?
Hepatic
98
What are the dosage ranges for Tramadol?
50-100 mg every 4-6 hours as needed
99
What is a key fact about Tramadol?
Lower potential for abuse compared to other opioids
100
What is Buprenorphine's drug class?
Partial opioid agonist
101
What is the mechanism of action of Buprenorphine?
Binds to opioid receptors in the brain and spinal cord to reduce pain perception
102
What are the drug targets of Buprenorphine?
Mu-opioid receptors
103
What is the expected time for effect of Buprenorphine?
30-60 minutes
104
What are the pharmacodynamics of Buprenorphine?
Provides analgesia and mild euphoria
105
What is the absorption characteristic of Buprenorphine?
Well absorbed sublingually
106
What is the distribution characteristic of Buprenorphine?
Widely distributed throughout the body
107
How is Buprenorphine excreted?
Primarily renal
108
What is the metabolism of Buprenorphine?
Hepatic
109
What are the dosage ranges for Buprenorphine?
2-8 mg every 6-8 hours as needed
110
What is a key fact about Buprenorphine?
Used for opioid dependence treatment
111
What is Butorphanol's drug class?
Mixed opioid agonist-antagonist
112
What is the mechanism of action of Butorphanol?
Binds to opioid receptors in the brain and spinal cord to reduce pain perception
113
What are the drug targets of Butorphanol?
Mu-opioid receptors
114
What is the expected time for effect of Butorphanol?
10-15 minutes (IV)
115
What are the pharmacodynamics of Butorphanol?
Provides analgesia and mild euphoria
116
What is the absorption characteristic of Butorphanol?
Well absorbed intranasally and parenterally
117
What is the distribution characteristic of Butorphanol?
Widely distributed throughout the body
118
How is Butorphanol excreted?
Primarily renal
119
What is the metabolism of Butorphanol?
Hepatic
120
What are the dosage ranges for Butorphanol?
1-4 mg every 3-4 hours as needed
121
What is a key fact about Butorphanol?
Lower potential for abuse compared to other opioids
122
What is Dextromethorphan's drug class?
Antitussive
123
What is the mechanism of action of Dextromethorphan?
Suppresses cough reflex by acting on the cough center in the medulla
124
What are the drug targets of Dextromethorphan?
Sigma-1 receptors
125
What is the expected time for effect of Dextromethorphan?
15-30 minutes
126
What are the pharmacodynamics of Dextromethorphan?
Provides cough suppression
127
What is the absorption characteristic of Dextromethorphan?
Well absorbed orally
128
What is the distribution characteristic of Dextromethorphan?
Widely distributed throughout the body
129
How is Dextromethorphan excreted?
Primarily renal
130
What is the metabolism of Dextromethorphan?
Hepatic
131
What are the dosage ranges for Dextromethorphan?
10-20 mg every 4-6 hours as needed
132
What is a key fact about Dextromethorphan?
Non-opioid, low potential for abuse
133
What is Naloxone's drug class?
Opioid antagonist
134
What is the mechanism of action of Naloxone?
Binds to opioid receptors and displaces opioid molecules
135
What are the drug targets of Naloxone?
Mu-opioid receptors
136
What is the expected time for effect of Naloxone?
1-2 minutes (IV)
137
What are the pharmacodynamics of Naloxone?
Reverses opioid effects
138
What is the absorption characteristic of Naloxone?
Rapidly absorbed via IV, IM, and intranasal routes
139
What is the distribution characteristic of Naloxone?
Widely distributed throughout the body
140
How is Naloxone excreted?
Primarily renal
141
What is the metabolism of Naloxone?
Hepatic
142
What are the dosage ranges for Naloxone?
0.4-2 mg every 2-3 minutes as needed
143
What is a key fact about Naloxone?
Used for opioid overdose reversal
144
What is Naltrexone's drug class?
Opioid antagonist
145
What is the mechanism of action of Naltrexone?
Binds to opioid receptors and blocks opioid effects
146
What are the drug targets of Naltrexone?
Mu-opioid receptors
147
What is the expected time for effect of Naltrexone?
15-30 minutes
148
What are the pharmacodynamics of Naltrexone?
Blocks opioid effects
149
What is the absorption characteristic of Naltrexone?
Well absorbed orally
150
What is the distribution characteristic of Naltrexone?
Widely distributed throughout the body
151
How is Naltrexone excreted?
Primarily renal
152
What is the metabolism of Naltrexone?
Hepatic
153
What are the dosage ranges for Naltrexone?
50 mg once daily
154
What is a key fact about Naltrexone?
Used for opioid and alcohol dependence treatment
155
What is Naloxegol's drug class?
Opioid antagonist
156
What is the mechanism of action of Naloxegol?
Binds to opioid receptors in the gastrointestinal tract to reduce opioid-induced constipation
157
What are the drug targets of Naloxegol?
Mu-opioid receptors
158
What is the expected time for effect of Naloxegol?
6-12 hours
159
What are the pharmacodynamics of Naloxegol?
Reduces opioid-induced constipation
160
What is the absorption characteristic of Naloxegol?
Well absorbed orally
161
What is the distribution characteristic of Naloxegol?
Limited to the gastrointestinal tract
162
How is Naloxegol excreted?
Primarily renal
163
What is the metabolism of Naloxegol?
Hepatic
164
What are the dosage ranges for Naloxegol?
25 mg once daily
165
What is a key fact about Naloxegol?
Used for opioid-induced constipation
