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Advanced Pharm Fall 24' > Opioid Drugs > Flashcards

Opioid Drugs Flashcards

1
Q

What is Morphine’s drug class?

A

Opioid analgesic

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2
Q

What is the mechanism of action of Morphine?

A

Binds to opioid receptors in the brain and spinal cord to reduce pain perception

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3
Q

What are the drug targets of Morphine?

A

Mu-opioid receptors

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4
Q

What is the expected time for effect of Morphine?

A

15-60 minutes

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5
Q

What are the pharmacodynamics of Morphine?

A

Provides analgesia, sedation, and euphoria

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6
Q

What is the absorption characteristic of Morphine?

A

Well absorbed orally, but significant first-pass metabolism

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7
Q

What is the distribution characteristic of Morphine?

A

Widely distributed throughout the body

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8
Q

How is Morphine excreted?

A

Primarily renal

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9
Q

What is the metabolism of Morphine?

A

Hepatic

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10
Q

What are the dosage ranges for Morphine?

A

10-30 mg every 4 hours as needed

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11
Q

What is a key fact about Morphine?

A

High potential for addiction and abuse

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12
Q

What is Dilaudid’s drug class?

A

Opioid analgesic

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13
Q

What is the mechanism of action of Dilaudid?

A

Binds to opioid receptors in the brain and spinal cord to reduce pain perception

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14
Q

What are the drug targets of Dilaudid?

A

Mu-opioid receptors

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15
Q

What is the expected time for effect of Dilaudid?

A

15-30 minutes

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16
Q

What are the pharmacodynamics of Dilaudid?

A

Provides analgesia, sedation, and euphoria

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17
Q

What is the absorption characteristic of Dilaudid?

A

Well absorbed orally

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18
Q

What is the distribution characteristic of Dilaudid?

A

Widely distributed throughout the body

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19
Q

How is Dilaudid excreted?

A

Primarily renal

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20
Q

What is the metabolism of Dilaudid?

A

Hepatic

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21
Q

What are the dosage ranges for Dilaudid?

A

2-4 mg every 4-6 hours as needed

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22
Q

What is a key fact about Dilaudid?

A

More potent than morphine

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23
Q

What is Codeine’s drug class?

A

Opioid analgesic

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24
Q

What is the mechanism of action of Codeine?

A

Binds to opioid receptors in the brain and spinal cord to reduce pain perception

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25
Q

What are the drug targets of Codeine?

A

Mu-opioid receptors

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26
Q

What is the expected time for effect of Codeine?

A

30-60 minutes

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27
Q

What are the pharmacodynamics of Codeine?

A

Provides analgesia and cough suppression

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28
Q

What is the absorption characteristic of Codeine?

A

Well absorbed orally

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29
Q

What is the distribution characteristic of Codeine?

A

Widely distributed throughout the body

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30
Q

How is Codeine excreted?

A

Primarily renal

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31
Q

What is the metabolism of Codeine?

A

Hepatic (converted to morphine)

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32
Q

What are the dosage ranges for Codeine?

A

15-60 mg every 4-6 hours as needed

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33
Q

What is a key fact about Codeine?

A

Less potent than morphine

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34
Q

What is Oxycodone’s drug class?

A

Opioid analgesic

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35
Q

What is the mechanism of action of Oxycodone?

A

Binds to opioid receptors in the brain and spinal cord to reduce pain perception

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36
Q

What are the drug targets of Oxycodone?

A

Mu-opioid receptors

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37
Q

What is the expected time for effect of Oxycodone?

A

10-30 minutes

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38
Q

What are the pharmacodynamics of Oxycodone?

A

Provides analgesia, sedation, and euphoria

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39
Q

What is the absorption characteristic of Oxycodone?

A

Well absorbed orally

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40
Q

What is the distribution characteristic of Oxycodone?

A

Widely distributed throughout the body

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41
Q

How is Oxycodone excreted?

A

Primarily renal

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42
Q

What is the metabolism of Oxycodone?

A

Hepatic

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43
Q

What are the dosage ranges for Oxycodone?

A

5-15 mg every 4-6 hours as needed

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44
Q

What is a key fact about Oxycodone?

A

High potential for addiction and abuse

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45
Q

What is Percadan/Percocet’s drug class?

A

Opioid analgesic combination

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46
Q

What is the mechanism of action of Percadan/Percocet?

A

Binds to opioid receptors in the brain and spinal cord to reduce pain perception; acetaminophen inhibits prostaglandin synthesis

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47
Q

What are the drug targets of Percadan/Percocet?

A

Mu-opioid receptors

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48
Q

What is the expected time for effect of Percadan/Percocet?

A

10-30 minutes

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49
Q

What are the pharmacodynamics of Percadan/Percocet?

A

Provides analgesia, sedation, and euphoria

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50
Q

What is the absorption characteristic of Percadan/Percocet?

A

Well absorbed orally

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51
Q

What is the distribution characteristic of Percadan/Percocet?

A

Widely distributed throughout the body

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52
Q

How is Percadan/Percocet excreted?

A

Primarily renal

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53
Q

What is the metabolism of Percadan/Percocet?

A

Hepatic

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54
Q

What are the dosage ranges for Percadan/Percocet?

A

2.5-10 mg oxycodone every 6 hours as needed

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55
Q

What is a key fact about Percadan/Percocet?

A

High potential for addiction and abuse

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56
Q

What is Methadone’s drug class?

A

Opioid analgesic

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57
Q

What is the mechanism of action of Methadone?

A

Binds to opioid receptors in the brain and spinal cord to reduce pain perception

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58
Q

What are the drug targets of Methadone?

A

Mu-opioid receptors

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59
Q

What is the expected time for effect of Methadone?

A

30-60 minutes

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60
Q

What are the pharmacodynamics of Methadone?

A

Provides analgesia, sedation, and euphoria

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61
Q

What is the absorption characteristic of Methadone?

A

Well absorbed orally

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62
Q

What is the distribution characteristic of Methadone?

A

Widely distributed throughout the body

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63
Q

How is Methadone excreted?

A

Primarily renal

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64
Q

What is the metabolism of Methadone?

A

Hepatic

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65
Q

What are the dosage ranges for Methadone?

A

2.5-10 mg every 8-12 hours as needed

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66
Q

What is a key fact about Methadone?

A

Long half-life, used for opioid dependence treatment

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67
Q

What is Fentanyl’s drug class?

A

Opioid analgesic

68
Q

What is the mechanism of action of Fentanyl?

A

Binds to opioid receptors in the brain and spinal cord to reduce pain perception

69
Q

What are the drug targets of Fentanyl?

A

Mu-opioid receptors

70
Q

What is the expected time for effect of Fentanyl?

A

1-2 minutes (IV)

71
Q

What are the pharmacodynamics of Fentanyl?

A

Provides analgesia, sedation, and euphoria

72
Q

What is the absorption characteristic of Fentanyl?

A

Rapidly absorbed via IV, transdermal, and transmucosal routes

73
Q

What is the distribution characteristic of Fentanyl?

A

Widely distributed throughout the body

74
Q

How is Fentanyl excreted?

A

Primarily renal

75
Q

What is the metabolism of Fentanyl?

76
Q

What are the dosage ranges for Fentanyl?

A

25-100 mcg every 1-2 hours as needed

77
Q

What is a key fact about Fentanyl?

A

Extremely potent, high risk of overdose

78
Q

What is Meperidine’s drug class?

A

Opioid analgesic

79
Q

What is the mechanism of action of Meperidine?

A

Binds to opioid receptors in the brain and spinal cord to reduce pain perception

80
Q

What are the drug targets of Meperidine?

A

Mu-opioid receptors

81
Q

What is the expected time for effect of Meperidine?

A

10-15 minutes (IV)

82
Q

What are the pharmacodynamics of Meperidine?

A

Provides analgesia, sedation, and euphoria

83
Q

What is the absorption characteristic of Meperidine?

A

Well absorbed orally and parenterally

84
Q

What is the distribution characteristic of Meperidine?

A

Widely distributed throughout the body

85
Q

How is Meperidine excreted?

A

Primarily renal

86
Q

What is the metabolism of Meperidine?

87
Q

What are the dosage ranges for Meperidine?

A

50-150 mg every 3-4 hours as needed

88
Q

What is a key fact about Meperidine?

A

Risk of neurotoxicity with prolonged use

89
Q

What is Tramadol’s drug class?

A

Opioid analgesic

90
Q

What is the mechanism of action of Tramadol?

A

Binds to opioid receptors and inhibits reuptake of norepinephrine and serotonin

91
Q

What are the drug targets of Tramadol?

A

Mu-opioid receptors

92
Q

What is the expected time for effect of Tramadol?

A

30-60 minutes

93
Q

What are the pharmacodynamics of Tramadol?

A

Provides analgesia and mild euphoria

94
Q

What is the absorption characteristic of Tramadol?

A

Well absorbed orally

95
Q

What is the distribution characteristic of Tramadol?

A

Widely distributed throughout the body

96
Q

How is Tramadol excreted?

A

Primarily renal

97
Q

What is the metabolism of Tramadol?

98
Q

What are the dosage ranges for Tramadol?

A

50-100 mg every 4-6 hours as needed

99
Q

What is a key fact about Tramadol?

A

Lower potential for abuse compared to other opioids

100
Q

What is Buprenorphine’s drug class?

A

Partial opioid agonist

101
Q

What is the mechanism of action of Buprenorphine?

A

Binds to opioid receptors in the brain and spinal cord to reduce pain perception

102
Q

What are the drug targets of Buprenorphine?

A

Mu-opioid receptors

103
Q

What is the expected time for effect of Buprenorphine?

A

30-60 minutes

104
Q

What are the pharmacodynamics of Buprenorphine?

A

Provides analgesia and mild euphoria

105
Q

What is the absorption characteristic of Buprenorphine?

A

Well absorbed sublingually

106
Q

What is the distribution characteristic of Buprenorphine?

A

Widely distributed throughout the body

107
Q

How is Buprenorphine excreted?

A

Primarily renal

108
Q

What is the metabolism of Buprenorphine?

109
Q

What are the dosage ranges for Buprenorphine?

A

2-8 mg every 6-8 hours as needed

110
Q

What is a key fact about Buprenorphine?

A

Used for opioid dependence treatment

111
Q

What is Butorphanol’s drug class?

A

Mixed opioid agonist-antagonist

112
Q

What is the mechanism of action of Butorphanol?

A

Binds to opioid receptors in the brain and spinal cord to reduce pain perception

113
Q

What are the drug targets of Butorphanol?

A

Mu-opioid receptors

114
Q

What is the expected time for effect of Butorphanol?

A

10-15 minutes (IV)

115
Q

What are the pharmacodynamics of Butorphanol?

A

Provides analgesia and mild euphoria

116
Q

What is the absorption characteristic of Butorphanol?

A

Well absorbed intranasally and parenterally

117
Q

What is the distribution characteristic of Butorphanol?

A

Widely distributed throughout the body

118
Q

How is Butorphanol excreted?

A

Primarily renal

119
Q

What is the metabolism of Butorphanol?

120
Q

What are the dosage ranges for Butorphanol?

A

1-4 mg every 3-4 hours as needed

121
Q

What is a key fact about Butorphanol?

A

Lower potential for abuse compared to other opioids

122
Q

What is Dextromethorphan’s drug class?

A

Antitussive

123
Q

What is the mechanism of action of Dextromethorphan?

A

Suppresses cough reflex by acting on the cough center in the medulla

124
Q

What are the drug targets of Dextromethorphan?

A

Sigma-1 receptors

125
Q

What is the expected time for effect of Dextromethorphan?

A

15-30 minutes

126
Q

What are the pharmacodynamics of Dextromethorphan?

A

Provides cough suppression

127
Q

What is the absorption characteristic of Dextromethorphan?

A

Well absorbed orally

128
Q

What is the distribution characteristic of Dextromethorphan?

A

Widely distributed throughout the body

129
Q

How is Dextromethorphan excreted?

A

Primarily renal

130
Q

What is the metabolism of Dextromethorphan?

131
Q

What are the dosage ranges for Dextromethorphan?

A

10-20 mg every 4-6 hours as needed

132
Q

What is a key fact about Dextromethorphan?

A

Non-opioid, low potential for abuse

133
Q

What is Naloxone’s drug class?

A

Opioid antagonist

134
Q

What is the mechanism of action of Naloxone?

A

Binds to opioid receptors and displaces opioid molecules

135
Q

What are the drug targets of Naloxone?

A

Mu-opioid receptors

136
Q

What is the expected time for effect of Naloxone?

A

1-2 minutes (IV)

137
Q

What are the pharmacodynamics of Naloxone?

A

Reverses opioid effects

138
Q

What is the absorption characteristic of Naloxone?

A

Rapidly absorbed via IV, IM, and intranasal routes

139
Q

What is the distribution characteristic of Naloxone?

A

Widely distributed throughout the body

140
Q

How is Naloxone excreted?

A

Primarily renal

141
Q

What is the metabolism of Naloxone?

142
Q

What are the dosage ranges for Naloxone?

A

0.4-2 mg every 2-3 minutes as needed

143
Q

What is a key fact about Naloxone?

A

Used for opioid overdose reversal

144
Q

What is Naltrexone’s drug class?

A

Opioid antagonist

145
Q

What is the mechanism of action of Naltrexone?

A

Binds to opioid receptors and blocks opioid effects

146
Q

What are the drug targets of Naltrexone?

A

Mu-opioid receptors

147
Q

What is the expected time for effect of Naltrexone?

A

15-30 minutes

148
Q

What are the pharmacodynamics of Naltrexone?

A

Blocks opioid effects

149
Q

What is the absorption characteristic of Naltrexone?

A

Well absorbed orally

150
Q

What is the distribution characteristic of Naltrexone?

A

Widely distributed throughout the body

151
Q

How is Naltrexone excreted?

A

Primarily renal

152
Q

What is the metabolism of Naltrexone?

153
Q

What are the dosage ranges for Naltrexone?

A

50 mg once daily

154
Q

What is a key fact about Naltrexone?

A

Used for opioid and alcohol dependence treatment

155
Q

What is Naloxegol’s drug class?

A

Opioid antagonist

156
Q

What is the mechanism of action of Naloxegol?

A

Binds to opioid receptors in the gastrointestinal tract to reduce opioid-induced constipation

157
Q

What are the drug targets of Naloxegol?

A

Mu-opioid receptors

158
Q

What is the expected time for effect of Naloxegol?

A

6-12 hours

159
Q

What are the pharmacodynamics of Naloxegol?

A

Reduces opioid-induced constipation

160
Q

What is the absorption characteristic of Naloxegol?

A

Well absorbed orally

161
Q

What is the distribution characteristic of Naloxegol?

A

Limited to the gastrointestinal tract

162
Q

How is Naloxegol excreted?

A

Primarily renal

163
Q

What is the metabolism of Naloxegol?

164
Q

What are the dosage ranges for Naloxegol?

A

25 mg once daily

165
Q

What is a key fact about Naloxegol?

A

Used for opioid-induced constipation

Advanced Pharm Fall 24' (18 decks)

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