Cancer and Chemotherapy Flashcards
1
Q
Cyclophosphamide - Drug Class
A
Alkylating agent
2
Q
Cyclophosphamide - Mechanism of Action
A
DNA cross-linking/alkylation
3
Q
Cyclophosphamide - Drug Targets
A
DNA
4
Q
Cyclophosphamide - Expected Time for Effect
A
Varies depending on the condition being treated
5
Q
Cyclophosphamide - Pharmacodynamics
A
Interferes with DNA replication and RNA transcription
6
Q
Cyclophosphamide - Pharmacokinetics - Absorption
A
> 75% (by mouth)
7
Q
Cyclophosphamide - Pharmacokinetics - Distribution
A
Protein binding >60%
8
Q
Cyclophosphamide - Pharmacokinetics - Metabolism
A
Liver
9
Q
Cyclophosphamide - Pharmacokinetics - Excretion
A
Kidney
10
Q
Cyclophosphamide - Pharmacokinetics - Half-life
A
3–12 hours
11
Q
Cyclophosphamide - Dosage Ranges
A
Varies based on the condition and patient
12
Q
Cyclophosphamide - Key Facts
A
Can cause sterility, birth defects, mutations, and cancer.
13
Q
Chlorambucil - Drug Class
A
Alkylating agent
14
Q
Chlorambucil - Mechanism of Action
A
DNA cross-linking/alkylation
15
Q
Chlorambucil - Drug Targets
A
DNA
16
Q
Chlorambucil - Expected Time for Effect
A
Varies depending on the condition being treated
17
Q
Chlorambucil - Pharmacodynamics
A
Interferes with DNA replication and RNA transcription
18
Q
Chlorambucil - Pharmacokinetics - Absorption
A
Rapid and complete (>70%) from GI tract; reduced with food
19
Q
Chlorambucil - Pharmacokinetics - Distribution
A
Vd: ~0.31 L/kg
20
Q
Chlorambucil - Pharmacokinetics - Metabolism
A
Hepatic (extensively); primarily to active metabolite, phenylacetic acid mustard
21
Q
Chlorambucil - Pharmacokinetics - Excretion
A
Urine (~20% to 60% within 24 hours, primarily as inactive metabolites, <1% as unchanged drug or phenylacetic acid mustard)
22
Q
Chlorambucil - Pharmacokinetics - Half-life
A
Chlorambucil: ~1.5 hours; Phenylacetic acid mustard: 1.8 ± 0.4 hours
23
Q
Chlorambucil - Dosage Ranges
A
Varies based on the condition and patient
24
Q
Chlorambucil - Key Facts
A
Can cause bone marrow suppression, is a known carcinogen, mutagenic, and teratogenic.
25
Nitrosoureas - Drug Class
Alkylating agents
26
Nitrosoureas - Mechanism of Action
Alkylation and carbamoylation of DNA
27
Nitrosoureas - Drug Targets
DNA
28
Nitrosoureas - Expected Time for Effect
Varies depending on the condition being treated
29
Nitrosoureas - Pharmacodynamics
Crosses the blood-brain barrier and binds irreversibly to cellular macromolecules
30
Nitrosoureas - Pharmacokinetics - Absorption
Varies
31
Nitrosoureas - Pharmacokinetics - Distribution
Crosses the blood-brain barrier
32
Nitrosoureas - Pharmacokinetics - Metabolism
Varies
33
Nitrosoureas - Pharmacokinetics - Excretion
Varies
34
Nitrosoureas - Pharmacokinetics - Half-life
Varies
35
Nitrosoureas - Dosage Ranges
Varies based on the condition and patient
36
Nitrosoureas - Key Facts
Used against a variety of human solid tumors, can cause severe bone marrow toxicity.
37
Cisplatin - Drug Class
Platinum-based chemotherapy
38
Cisplatin - Mechanism of Action
DNA cross-linking
39
Cisplatin - Drug Targets
DNA
40
Cisplatin - Expected Time for Effect
Varies depending on the condition being treated
41
Cisplatin - Pharmacodynamics
Forms DNA adducts, leading to apoptosis
42
Cisplatin - Pharmacokinetics - Absorption
Intravenous administration
43
Cisplatin - Pharmacokinetics - Distribution
Widely distributed in tissues
44
Cisplatin - Pharmacokinetics - Metabolism
Non-enzymatic
45
Cisplatin - Pharmacokinetics - Excretion
Primarily renal
46
Cisplatin - Pharmacokinetics - Half-life
Biphasic, with a terminal half-life of 20-30 hours
47
Cisplatin - Dosage Ranges
Varies based on the condition and patient
48
Cisplatin - Key Facts
Can cause nephrotoxicity, ototoxicity, and neurotoxicity.
49
Methotrexate - Drug Class
Antimetabolite
50
Methotrexate - Mechanism of Action
Inhibits dihydrofolate reductase
51
Methotrexate - Drug Targets
Dihydrofolate reductase
52
Methotrexate - Expected Time for Effect
Varies depending on the condition being treated
53
Methotrexate - Pharmacodynamics
Inhibits DNA synthesis
54
Methotrexate - Pharmacokinetics - Absorption
Oral and parenteral
55
Methotrexate - Pharmacokinetics - Distribution
Widely distributed in tissues
56
Methotrexate - Pharmacokinetics - Metabolism
Hepatic
57
Methotrexate - Pharmacokinetics - Excretion
Renal
58
Methotrexate - Pharmacokinetics - Half-life
3-10 hours
59
Methotrexate - Dosage Ranges
Varies based on the condition and patient
60
Methotrexate - Key Facts
Can cause hepatotoxicity, myelosuppression, and mucositis.
61
Antimetabolites - 6-MP, 5-FU - Drug Class
Antimetabolites
62
Antimetabolites - 6-MP, 5-FU - Mechanism of Action
Inhibits DNA synthesis
63
Antimetabolites - 6-MP, 5-FU - Drug Targets
Various enzymes involved in DNA synthesis
64
Antimetabolites - 6-MP, 5-FU - Expected Time for Effect
Varies depending on the condition being treated
65
Antimetabolites - 6-MP, 5-FU - Pharmacodynamics
Inhibits DNA synthesis
66
Antimetabolites - 6-MP, 5-FU - Pharmacokinetics - Absorption
Oral and parenteral
67
Antimetabolites - 6-MP, 5-FU - Pharmacokinetics - Distribution
Widely distributed in tissues
68
Antimetabolites - 6-MP, 5-FU - Pharmacokinetics - Metabolism
Hepatic
69
Antimetabolites - 6-MP, 5-FU - Pharmacokinetics - Excretion
Renal
70
Antimetabolites - 6-MP, 5-FU - Pharmacokinetics - Half-life
Varies
71
Antimetabolites - 6-MP, 5-FU - Dosage Ranges
Varies based on the condition and patient
72
Antimetabolites - 6-MP, 5-FU - Key Facts
Can cause myelosuppression, mucositis, and gastrointestinal toxicity.
73
Plant Based - Vincristine, Paclitaxel (Taxol) - Drug Class
Plant alkaloids
74
Plant Based - Vincristine, Paclitaxel (Taxol) - Mechanism of Action
Inhibits microtubule formation
75
Plant Based - Vincristine, Paclitaxel (Taxol) - Drug Targets
Microtubules
76
Plant Based - Vincristine, Paclitaxel (Taxol) - Expected Time for Effect
Varies depending on the condition being treated
77
Plant Based - Vincristine, Paclitaxel (Taxol) - Pharmacodynamics
Inhibits cell division
78
Plant Based - Vincristine, Paclitaxel (Taxol) - Pharmacokinetics - Absorption
Intravenous administration
79
Plant Based - Vincristine, Paclitaxel (Taxol) - Pharmacokinetics - Distribution
Widely distributed in tissues
80
Plant Based - Vincristine, Paclitaxel (Taxol) - Pharmacokinetics - Metabolism
Hepatic
81
Plant Based - Vincristine, Paclitaxel (Taxol) - Pharmacokinetics - Excretion
Renal and biliary
82
Plant Based - Vincristine, Paclitaxel (Taxol) - Pharmacokinetics - Half-life
Varies
83
Plant Based - Vincristine, Paclitaxel (Taxol) - Dosage Ranges
Varies based on the condition and patient
84
Plant Based - Vincristine, Paclitaxel (Taxol) - Key Facts
Can cause neurotoxicity and myelosuppression.
85
Antibiotics - Dactinomycin, Doxorubicin, Bleomycin - Drug Class
Antitumor antibiotics
86
Antibiotics - Dactinomycin, Doxorubicin, Bleomycin - Mechanism of Action
Intercalates into DNA
87
Antibiotics - Dactinomycin, Doxorubicin, Bleomycin - Drug Targets
DNA
88
Antibiotics - Dactinomycin, Doxorubicin, Bleomycin - Expected Time for Effect
Varies depending on the condition being treated
89
Antibiotics - Dactinomycin, Doxorubicin, Bleomycin - Pharmacodynamics
Inhibits DNA synthesis
90
Antibiotics - Dactinomycin, Doxorubicin, Bleomycin - Pharmacokinetics - Absorption
Intravenous administration
91
Antibiotics - Dactinomycin, Doxorubicin, Bleomycin - Pharmacokinetics - Distribution
Widely distributed in tissues
92
Antibiotics - Dactinomycin, Doxorubicin, Bleomycin - Pharmacokinetics - Metabolism
Hepatic
93
Antibiotics - Dactinomycin, Doxorubicin, Bleomycin - Pharmacokinetics - Excretion
Renal and biliary
94
Antibiotics - Dactinomycin, Doxorubicin, Bleomycin - Pharmacokinetics - Half-life
Varies
95
Antibiotics - Dactinomycin, Doxorubicin, Bleomycin - Dosage Ranges
Varies based on the condition and patient
96
Antibiotics - Dactinomycin, Doxorubicin, Bleomycin - Key Facts
Can cause cardiotoxicity, myelosuppression, and pulmonary toxicity.
97
Hormonal Agents - Corticosteroids, Tamoxifen, Fulvestrant - Drug Class
Hormonal agents
98
Hormonal Agents - Corticosteroids, Tamoxifen, Fulvestrant - Mechanism of Action
Varies (e.g., receptor antagonism)
99
Hormonal Agents - Corticosteroids, Tamoxifen, Fulvestrant - Drug Targets
Hormone receptors
100
Hormonal Agents - Corticosteroids, Tamoxifen, Fulvestrant - Expected Time for Effect
Varies depending on the condition being treated
101
Hormonal Agents - Corticosteroids, Tamoxifen, Fulvestrant - Pharmacodynamics
Modulates hormone activity
102
Hormonal Agents - Corticosteroids, Tamoxifen, Fulvestrant - Pharmacokinetics - Absorption
Oral and parenteral
103
Hormonal Agents - Corticosteroids, Tamoxifen, Fulvestrant - Pharmacokinetics - Distribution
Widely distributed in tissues
104
Hormonal Agents - Corticosteroids, Tamoxifen, Fulvestrant - Pharmacokinetics - Metabolism
Hepatic
105
Hormonal Agents - Corticosteroids, Tamoxifen, Fulvestrant - Pharmacokinetics - Excretion
Renal and biliary
106
Hormonal Agents - Corticosteroids, Tamoxifen, Fulvestrant - Pharmacokinetics - Half-life
Varies
107
Hormonal Agents - Corticosteroids, Tamoxifen, Fulvestrant - Dosage Ranges
Varies based on the condition and patient
108
Hormonal Agents - Corticosteroids, Tamoxifen, Fulvestrant - Key Facts
Can cause various side effects depending on the specific agent.
109
Miscellaneous - -ibs and -mabs - Drug Class
Various (e.g., kinase inhibitors, monoclonal antibodies)
110
Miscellaneous - -ibs and -mabs - Mechanism of Action
Varies (e.g., inhibition of specific kinases, targeting specific antigens)
111
Miscellaneous - -ibs and -mabs - Drug Targets
Varies
112
Miscellaneous - -ibs and -mabs - Expected Time for Effect
Varies depending on the condition being treated
113
Miscellaneous - -ibs and -mabs - Pharmacodynamics
Varies
114
Miscellaneous - -ibs and -mabs - Pharmacokinetics - Absorption
Varies
115
Miscellaneous - -ibs and -mabs - Pharmacokinetics - Distribution
Varies
116
Miscellaneous - -ibs and -mabs - Pharmacokinetics - Metabolism
Varies
117
Miscellaneous - -ibs and -mabs - Pharmacokinetics - Excretion
Varies
118
Miscellaneous - -ibs and -mabs - Pharmacokinetics - Half-life
Varies
119
Miscellaneous - -ibs and -mabs - Dosage Ranges
Varies based on the condition and patient
120
Miscellaneous - -ibs and -mabs - Key Facts
Can cause various side effects depending on the specific agent.
