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Advanced Pharm Fall 24' > Cancer and Chemotherapy > Flashcards

Cancer and Chemotherapy Flashcards

1
Q

Cyclophosphamide - Drug Class

A

Alkylating agent

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2
Q

Cyclophosphamide - Mechanism of Action

A

DNA cross-linking/alkylation

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3
Q

Cyclophosphamide - Drug Targets

A

DNA

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4
Q

Cyclophosphamide - Expected Time for Effect

A

Varies depending on the condition being treated

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5
Q

Cyclophosphamide - Pharmacodynamics

A

Interferes with DNA replication and RNA transcription

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6
Q

Cyclophosphamide - Pharmacokinetics - Absorption

A

> 75% (by mouth)

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7
Q

Cyclophosphamide - Pharmacokinetics - Distribution

A

Protein binding >60%

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8
Q

Cyclophosphamide - Pharmacokinetics - Metabolism

A

Liver

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9
Q

Cyclophosphamide - Pharmacokinetics - Excretion

A

Kidney

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10
Q

Cyclophosphamide - Pharmacokinetics - Half-life

A

3–12 hours

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11
Q

Cyclophosphamide - Dosage Ranges

A

Varies based on the condition and patient

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12
Q

Cyclophosphamide - Key Facts

A

Can cause sterility, birth defects, mutations, and cancer.

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13
Q

Chlorambucil - Drug Class

A

Alkylating agent

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14
Q

Chlorambucil - Mechanism of Action

A

DNA cross-linking/alkylation

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15
Q

Chlorambucil - Drug Targets

A

DNA

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16
Q

Chlorambucil - Expected Time for Effect

A

Varies depending on the condition being treated

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17
Q

Chlorambucil - Pharmacodynamics

A

Interferes with DNA replication and RNA transcription

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18
Q

Chlorambucil - Pharmacokinetics - Absorption

A

Rapid and complete (>70%) from GI tract; reduced with food

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19
Q

Chlorambucil - Pharmacokinetics - Distribution

A

Vd: ~0.31 L/kg

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20
Q

Chlorambucil - Pharmacokinetics - Metabolism

A

Hepatic (extensively); primarily to active metabolite, phenylacetic acid mustard

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21
Q

Chlorambucil - Pharmacokinetics - Excretion

A

Urine (~20% to 60% within 24 hours, primarily as inactive metabolites, <1% as unchanged drug or phenylacetic acid mustard)

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22
Q

Chlorambucil - Pharmacokinetics - Half-life

A

Chlorambucil: ~1.5 hours; Phenylacetic acid mustard: 1.8 ± 0.4 hours

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23
Q

Chlorambucil - Dosage Ranges

A

Varies based on the condition and patient

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24
Q

Chlorambucil - Key Facts

A

Can cause bone marrow suppression, is a known carcinogen, mutagenic, and teratogenic.

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25
Q

Nitrosoureas - Drug Class

A

Alkylating agents

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26
Q

Nitrosoureas - Mechanism of Action

A

Alkylation and carbamoylation of DNA

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27
Q

Nitrosoureas - Drug Targets

A

DNA

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28
Q

Nitrosoureas - Expected Time for Effect

A

Varies depending on the condition being treated

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29
Q

Nitrosoureas - Pharmacodynamics

A

Crosses the blood-brain barrier and binds irreversibly to cellular macromolecules

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30
Q

Nitrosoureas - Pharmacokinetics - Absorption

A

Varies

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31
Q

Nitrosoureas - Pharmacokinetics - Distribution

A

Crosses the blood-brain barrier

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32
Q

Nitrosoureas - Pharmacokinetics - Metabolism

A

Varies

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33
Q

Nitrosoureas - Pharmacokinetics - Excretion

A

Varies

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34
Q

Nitrosoureas - Pharmacokinetics - Half-life

A

Varies

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35
Q

Nitrosoureas - Dosage Ranges

A

Varies based on the condition and patient

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36
Q

Nitrosoureas - Key Facts

A

Used against a variety of human solid tumors, can cause severe bone marrow toxicity.

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37
Q

Cisplatin - Drug Class

A

Platinum-based chemotherapy

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38
Q

Cisplatin - Mechanism of Action

A

DNA cross-linking

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39
Q

Cisplatin - Drug Targets

A

DNA

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40
Q

Cisplatin - Expected Time for Effect

A

Varies depending on the condition being treated

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41
Q

Cisplatin - Pharmacodynamics

A

Forms DNA adducts, leading to apoptosis

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42
Q

Cisplatin - Pharmacokinetics - Absorption

A

Intravenous administration

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43
Q

Cisplatin - Pharmacokinetics - Distribution

A

Widely distributed in tissues

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44
Q

Cisplatin - Pharmacokinetics - Metabolism

A

Non-enzymatic

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45
Q

Cisplatin - Pharmacokinetics - Excretion

A

Primarily renal

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46
Q

Cisplatin - Pharmacokinetics - Half-life

A

Biphasic, with a terminal half-life of 20-30 hours

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47
Q

Cisplatin - Dosage Ranges

A

Varies based on the condition and patient

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48
Q

Cisplatin - Key Facts

A

Can cause nephrotoxicity, ototoxicity, and neurotoxicity.

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49
Q

Methotrexate - Drug Class

A

Antimetabolite

50
Q

Methotrexate - Mechanism of Action

A

Inhibits dihydrofolate reductase

51
Q

Methotrexate - Drug Targets

A

Dihydrofolate reductase

52
Q

Methotrexate - Expected Time for Effect

A

Varies depending on the condition being treated

53
Q

Methotrexate - Pharmacodynamics

A

Inhibits DNA synthesis

54
Q

Methotrexate - Pharmacokinetics - Absorption

A

Oral and parenteral

55
Q

Methotrexate - Pharmacokinetics - Distribution

A

Widely distributed in tissues

56
Q

Methotrexate - Pharmacokinetics - Metabolism

A

Hepatic

57
Q

Methotrexate - Pharmacokinetics - Excretion

A

Renal

58
Q

Methotrexate - Pharmacokinetics - Half-life

A

3-10 hours

59
Q

Methotrexate - Dosage Ranges

A

Varies based on the condition and patient

60
Q

Methotrexate - Key Facts

A

Can cause hepatotoxicity, myelosuppression, and mucositis.

61
Q

Antimetabolites - 6-MP, 5-FU - Drug Class

A

Antimetabolites

62
Q

Antimetabolites - 6-MP, 5-FU - Mechanism of Action

A

Inhibits DNA synthesis

63
Q

Antimetabolites - 6-MP, 5-FU - Drug Targets

A

Various enzymes involved in DNA synthesis

64
Q

Antimetabolites - 6-MP, 5-FU - Expected Time for Effect

A

Varies depending on the condition being treated

65
Q

Antimetabolites - 6-MP, 5-FU - Pharmacodynamics

A

Inhibits DNA synthesis

66
Q

Antimetabolites - 6-MP, 5-FU - Pharmacokinetics - Absorption

A

Oral and parenteral

67
Q

Antimetabolites - 6-MP, 5-FU - Pharmacokinetics - Distribution

A

Widely distributed in tissues

68
Q

Antimetabolites - 6-MP, 5-FU - Pharmacokinetics - Metabolism

A

Hepatic

69
Q

Antimetabolites - 6-MP, 5-FU - Pharmacokinetics - Excretion

A

Renal

70
Q

Antimetabolites - 6-MP, 5-FU - Pharmacokinetics - Half-life

A

Varies

71
Q

Antimetabolites - 6-MP, 5-FU - Dosage Ranges

A

Varies based on the condition and patient

72
Q

Antimetabolites - 6-MP, 5-FU - Key Facts

A

Can cause myelosuppression, mucositis, and gastrointestinal toxicity.

73
Q

Plant Based - Vincristine, Paclitaxel (Taxol) - Drug Class

A

Plant alkaloids

74
Q

Plant Based - Vincristine, Paclitaxel (Taxol) - Mechanism of Action

A

Inhibits microtubule formation

75
Q

Plant Based - Vincristine, Paclitaxel (Taxol) - Drug Targets

A

Microtubules

76
Q

Plant Based - Vincristine, Paclitaxel (Taxol) - Expected Time for Effect

A

Varies depending on the condition being treated

77
Q

Plant Based - Vincristine, Paclitaxel (Taxol) - Pharmacodynamics

A

Inhibits cell division

78
Q

Plant Based - Vincristine, Paclitaxel (Taxol) - Pharmacokinetics - Absorption

A

Intravenous administration

79
Q

Plant Based - Vincristine, Paclitaxel (Taxol) - Pharmacokinetics - Distribution

A

Widely distributed in tissues

80
Q

Plant Based - Vincristine, Paclitaxel (Taxol) - Pharmacokinetics - Metabolism

A

Hepatic

81
Q

Plant Based - Vincristine, Paclitaxel (Taxol) - Pharmacokinetics - Excretion

A

Renal and biliary

82
Q

Plant Based - Vincristine, Paclitaxel (Taxol) - Pharmacokinetics - Half-life

A

Varies

83
Q

Plant Based - Vincristine, Paclitaxel (Taxol) - Dosage Ranges

A

Varies based on the condition and patient

84
Q

Plant Based - Vincristine, Paclitaxel (Taxol) - Key Facts

A

Can cause neurotoxicity and myelosuppression.

85
Q

Antibiotics - Dactinomycin, Doxorubicin, Bleomycin - Drug Class

A

Antitumor antibiotics

86
Q

Antibiotics - Dactinomycin, Doxorubicin, Bleomycin - Mechanism of Action

A

Intercalates into DNA

87
Q

Antibiotics - Dactinomycin, Doxorubicin, Bleomycin - Drug Targets

A

DNA

88
Q

Antibiotics - Dactinomycin, Doxorubicin, Bleomycin - Expected Time for Effect

A

Varies depending on the condition being treated

89
Q

Antibiotics - Dactinomycin, Doxorubicin, Bleomycin - Pharmacodynamics

A

Inhibits DNA synthesis

90
Q

Antibiotics - Dactinomycin, Doxorubicin, Bleomycin - Pharmacokinetics - Absorption

A

Intravenous administration

91
Q

Antibiotics - Dactinomycin, Doxorubicin, Bleomycin - Pharmacokinetics - Distribution

A

Widely distributed in tissues

92
Q

Antibiotics - Dactinomycin, Doxorubicin, Bleomycin - Pharmacokinetics - Metabolism

A

Hepatic

93
Q

Antibiotics - Dactinomycin, Doxorubicin, Bleomycin - Pharmacokinetics - Excretion

A

Renal and biliary

94
Q

Antibiotics - Dactinomycin, Doxorubicin, Bleomycin - Pharmacokinetics - Half-life

A

Varies

95
Q

Antibiotics - Dactinomycin, Doxorubicin, Bleomycin - Dosage Ranges

A

Varies based on the condition and patient

96
Q

Antibiotics - Dactinomycin, Doxorubicin, Bleomycin - Key Facts

A

Can cause cardiotoxicity, myelosuppression, and pulmonary toxicity.

97
Q

Hormonal Agents - Corticosteroids, Tamoxifen, Fulvestrant - Drug Class

A

Hormonal agents

98
Q

Hormonal Agents - Corticosteroids, Tamoxifen, Fulvestrant - Mechanism of Action

A

Varies (e.g., receptor antagonism)

99
Q

Hormonal Agents - Corticosteroids, Tamoxifen, Fulvestrant - Drug Targets

A

Hormone receptors

100
Q

Hormonal Agents - Corticosteroids, Tamoxifen, Fulvestrant - Expected Time for Effect

A

Varies depending on the condition being treated

101
Q

Hormonal Agents - Corticosteroids, Tamoxifen, Fulvestrant - Pharmacodynamics

A

Modulates hormone activity

102
Q

Hormonal Agents - Corticosteroids, Tamoxifen, Fulvestrant - Pharmacokinetics - Absorption

A

Oral and parenteral

103
Q

Hormonal Agents - Corticosteroids, Tamoxifen, Fulvestrant - Pharmacokinetics - Distribution

A

Widely distributed in tissues

104
Q

Hormonal Agents - Corticosteroids, Tamoxifen, Fulvestrant - Pharmacokinetics - Metabolism

A

Hepatic

105
Q

Hormonal Agents - Corticosteroids, Tamoxifen, Fulvestrant - Pharmacokinetics - Excretion

A

Renal and biliary

106
Q

Hormonal Agents - Corticosteroids, Tamoxifen, Fulvestrant - Pharmacokinetics - Half-life

A

Varies

107
Q

Hormonal Agents - Corticosteroids, Tamoxifen, Fulvestrant - Dosage Ranges

A

Varies based on the condition and patient

108
Q

Hormonal Agents - Corticosteroids, Tamoxifen, Fulvestrant - Key Facts

A

Can cause various side effects depending on the specific agent.

109
Q

Miscellaneous - -ibs and -mabs - Drug Class

A

Various (e.g., kinase inhibitors, monoclonal antibodies)

110
Q

Miscellaneous - -ibs and -mabs - Mechanism of Action

A

Varies (e.g., inhibition of specific kinases, targeting specific antigens)

111
Q

Miscellaneous - -ibs and -mabs - Drug Targets

A

Varies

112
Q

Miscellaneous - -ibs and -mabs - Expected Time for Effect

A

Varies depending on the condition being treated

113
Q

Miscellaneous - -ibs and -mabs - Pharmacodynamics

A

Varies

114
Q

Miscellaneous - -ibs and -mabs - Pharmacokinetics - Absorption

A

Varies

115
Q

Miscellaneous - -ibs and -mabs - Pharmacokinetics - Distribution

A

Varies

116
Q

Miscellaneous - -ibs and -mabs - Pharmacokinetics - Metabolism

A

Varies

117
Q

Miscellaneous - -ibs and -mabs - Pharmacokinetics - Excretion

A

Varies

118
Q

Miscellaneous - -ibs and -mabs - Pharmacokinetics - Half-life

A

Varies

119
Q

Miscellaneous - -ibs and -mabs - Dosage Ranges

A

Varies based on the condition and patient

120
Q

Miscellaneous - -ibs and -mabs - Key Facts

A

Can cause various side effects depending on the specific agent.

Advanced Pharm Fall 24' (14 decks)

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