Oncology - Neuroblastoma Flashcards
1
Q
Definition
A
Malignant tumour from neural crest tissue of the adrenal medulla (MC site) and symptomatic nervous system
2
Q
Epidemiology
A
Most patients diagnosed 5 years old
Median age of onset is 20 months
3
Q
Aetiology
A
Unknown
4
Q
Signs
A
Abdominal mass
Pallor
Weight loss
Bone pain,
Limp
Hepatosplenomegaly
Paraplegia
Exopthalmos/Proptosis
5
Q
Diagnosis
A
- FIRST LINE: Serum LDH
- Raised urinary vanillylmandelic acid (VMA) and homovanillic acid (HVA) levels - highly sensitive and specific for neuroblastomas
- Calcification may be seen on abdominal x-ray
- GOLD STANDARD: Biopsy
6
Q
Treatment
A
Dependant on grade:
- Surgery
- Chemotherapy
- Autologous bone marrow transplant
- Radiotherapy
7
Q
Complications
A
Ototoxicity,
Future infertility,
Spinal cord compression
