Derm - Birth Marks

Question 1

Defintion

Answer 1

Coloured marks on the kin’s that are present at birth or soon afterwards. Most are harmless and disappear without treatment but some may need to be treated

Question 2

Salmon patches

Answer 2

Salmon patches are harmless clusters of blood vessels that create small, flat, pinkish-red marks and can appear on any area of the body
When salmon patches appear at the back of the neck, they are sometimes nicknamed “stork bites” and are often permanent Salmon patches may also appear on the centre of the face, including the forehead, eyelids, or lip. These almost always fade as the baby grows.

Question 3

Haemangiomas (strawberry marks)

Answer 3

Epidemiology/RF:
- Girls X3 ,
- Premature babies

Strawberry haemangiomas are named for their bright red colour. They appear on the surface of the skin and can be flat and splotchy or look like raised, hard bumps. Most of the time, haemangiomas grow rapidly during the first year of a baby’s life. Then they flatten out and slowly fade.
Many haemangiomas disappear completely by the time a child is 10 years old.
Sometimes appear under the skin, making it look blue or purple. May need treatment if they affect vision, breathing, or feeding

Question 4

Port wine stains

Answer 4

Port wine stains are usually present at birth. Port wine stains are commonly found on the face.
Initially appearing as flat pink or red areas on the skin, port wine stains can darken to a deeper red or purple colour over the years.
The underlying skin may become thicker. These birthmarks may also increase in size as children grow. Rarely, port wine stains are associated with a medical condition called Sturge-Weber syndrome, which carries an increased risk of glaucoma. Sturge-Weber syndrome may also cause seizures due to an abnormality of blood vessels in the lining covering the brain. The risk of this condition is highest in babies who have port wine stain birthmarks covering half of the face or more.

Question 5

Cafe-au-lait spot

Answer 5

Café-au-lait spots are named for their light brown colour and although some are present at birth, most appear after a child is born.

These birthmarks form when skin cells produce an excess of melanin and generally don’t fade and may get bigger or darker over time.

Most are harmless. However, the presence of 6 or more, regardless of their location on the body, may be linked to a genetic medical condition called neurofibromatosis type 1.

Question 6

Congential melanocytic naevi

Answer 6

Congenital nevi are moles that are present at birth and are often larger, may have hair sprouting from them, and appear on any part of the body.

These moles may range from light to dark brown or almost black.

Most moles are harmless, but the risk of developing cancer increases later in life if a baby is born wit a mole larger than 8cm.