GI - Neonatal Hepatitis Syndrome

Question 1

Defintion

Answer 1

Inflammation of the liver in new-borns usually between 1-2 months after birth

Question 2

Aetiology

Answer 2

Viruses ~ 20% (mother to child or after birth)
- rubella
- cytomegalovirus
- hepatitis A, B and C
Idiopathic ~ 80%
- genetics e.g. Alpha-1-antitrypsin deficiency
- metabolic liver disease

Question 3

Symptoms

Answer 3

Jandice
FTT/poor feeding
Abdominal distention
Pale stool
Dark urine
Irritability and lethargy
Hepatosplenomegaly
Rashes
Pruritus

Question 4

Diagnosis

Answer 4

FIRST LINE = FBC, U+E, LFTs, Viral serology
Other: USS, MRCP,
- Liver biopsy multinucleated giant cells

Question 5

Management

Answer 5

● Identify and treat the underlying cause
● Antiviral medication: In cases of viral hepatitis,
● Management of metabolic disorders
● Monitor fluid and electrolyte balance
● Address jaundice
● Manage pruritus- moisturisers etc
● Specialist care and referral

Majority of babies recover with little to no damage to the liver but if jaundice md hepatitis continue for 6 months Chronic liver disease

Question 6

Complications

Answer 6

Chronic liver disease
Cirrhosis of liver
Liver failure