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RxPrep NAPLEX > Oncology > Flashcards

Oncology Flashcards

1
Q

When can live vaccines generally be given after chemo

A

3 months

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2
Q

Carcinoma

A

Cancer that starts in skin or in the tissues that line or cover internal organs

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3
Q

Sarcoma

A

Cancer in connective tissues

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4
Q

Types of skin cancer

A

Basal
Squamous
Melanoma (most deadly)

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5
Q

Breast cancer screening

A

45-54 yrs begging yearly mammograms

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6
Q

Cervical cancer screening

A

21-29 yrs - PAP smears q3yrs

30-65 yrs - PAP smears q5yrs

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7
Q

Colon cancer screening

A

45 yrs - FIT test q year

Colonoscopy q 10 yrs

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8
Q

Prostate cancer screening

A

50 years - PSA and digital rectal exam

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9
Q

Bleomycin max dose

A

400 units

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10
Q

Doxorubicin max doses

A

450-550mg/m2

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11
Q

Cisplatin max dose

A

100mg/m2

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12
Q

Vincristine max dose

A

2mg

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13
Q

Common oncology toxicities: myelosuppression

A

ALL except

-asparaginase, bleomycin, vincristine

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14
Q

Common oncology toxicities: NV

A

Cisplatin
Cyclophosphamide
Fosfamide

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15
Q

Common oncology toxicities: mucositis

A

MTX

Fluorouracil

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16
Q

Common oncology toxicities: Diarrhea

A

Ironotecan
Capecitabine
MTX
Fluorouracil

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17
Q

Common oncology toxicities: Constipation

A

Vincristine

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18
Q

Common oncology toxicities: cardiomyopathy

A

Anthracyclines (doxorubicin)

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19
Q

Common oncology toxicities: QT prolongation

A

Arsenic trioxide

Many TKIs

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20
Q

Common oncology toxicities: pulmonary fibrosis

A

Bleomycin, busulfan, carmustine, lomustine

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21
Q

Common oncology toxicities: hepatotoxicity

A

Antiandrogens (bicalutamide)

22
Q

Common oncology toxicities: nephrotoxicity

A

Cisplatin

MTX

23
Q

Pilocarpine MOA

A

Cholinergic

-used to dry mouth (xerostomia) and dry eyes

24
Q

Common oncology toxicities: hemorrhagic cystitis

A

Ifosfamide

Cyclophosphamide

25
Q

Common oncology toxicities: neuropathy

A

Vinca alkaloids
Platinums
Taxanes

26
Q

What is given with doxorubicin to prevent cardiomyopathy

A

Dexrazoxane (Zinecard)

27
Q

What is myelosuppression

A

Decrease in bone marrow activity, resulting in fewer RBCs, WBC, and platelets

28
Q

Colony stimulating factors (CSF)

A

If WBCs dont recover after chemo
Filgastrim (daily)
Pegfilgastrim (once per cycle)

29
Q

Neutropenia

A

<1,000 cells/mm3

30
Q

Severe neutropenia

A

<500 cells/mm3

31
Q

Fever

A

> 38.3 C (101 F) x 1 reading OR

>38.0 C (100.4 F) x 1 hr long

32
Q

Aromatase inhibitors MOA

A

Blocks conversion of androgens to estrogens

33
Q

Raloxifene

A

SERM

  • antagonist in BONE
  • not used to tx of breast cancer, but prophylaxis
  • used to tx of osteoporosis prevention
34
Q

1 foot = ___ inches

A

12

35
Q

1 inch = ___ cm

A

2.54

36
Q

Prostate cancer tx : androgen deprivation therapy

A

GnRH AGONIST + antiandrogen
-works through neg feedback
-leuprolide (Lupron Dept), goserelin (Zoladex)
+ Bicalutamide, Flutamide, Nilutamide

GnRH ANTAGONIST (alone)
-degarelix (Firmagon)
37
Q

Alkylating Agents

A 
Cyclophosphamide 
Ifosfamide
--both must be given with mesna (chemoprotectant) that inactivates a toxic metabolite in the bladder
Carmustine
Busulfan
38
Q

Platinum-Based compounds SE

A

Neuropathy, ototoxicity, nephrotoxicity

39
Q

Platinum-Based Compounds

A

Cisplatin (increased nephrotoxicity, and most CINV)
Carboplatin
Oxaliplatin (neuropathy)

40
Q

Anthrocyclines SEs

A

Cardiotoxicity

Vesicants

41
Q

Anthrocyclines

A

Doxorubicin (discolours urine red) + dexrazoxane (Zinecard)
Daunorubicin
Mitoxantrone (discolours urine blue)

42
Q

Cell-cycle independent drugs

A

All Awesome Pharmacists

  • Alkylating Agents
  • Anthrocyclines
  • Platinum-based compounds
43
Q

Vinca Alkaloids

A

IV only

  • Vincristine (CNS toxicity-neuropathies, constipation, parasthesia)
  • Vinblastine (bone marrow suppression)
44
Q

Cell Cycle Specific Drugs

A 
Vinca Alkaloids
Taxanes
Topoisomerase I Inhibitors
Topoisomerase II Inhibitors 
Pyrimidine Analog Antimetabolites
Folate Antimetabolites
Tyrosine Kinase Inhibitors
45
Q

Taxanes

A

Hypersensitivity rxn (premeds), neuropathies

  • Paclitaxel
  • Docetaxel
46
Q

Topoisomerase I inhibitors

A

Irinotecan (D)

47
Q

Topoisomerase II Inhibitors

A

Bleomycin - pulmonary toxicity, hypersensitivity rxn (need test dose)

48
Q

Pyrimidine Analog Antimetabolites

A

Fluorouracil (hand-foot syndromes)

Capecitabine (oral prodrugs of fluorouracil) take w/ food

49
Q

Folate Antimetabolites

A

Nephrotoxicity

MTX - high doses (over 500mg/m2) require levcovarin (folinic acid) rescue

50
Q

Tyrosine Kinase Inhibitors (TKIs) end in “-nib”

A

Require pharmacogenomic testing first to see who is likely to respond

RxPrep NAPLEX (33 decks)

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