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RxPrep NAPLEX > Oncology > Flashcards

Oncology Flashcards

1
Q

When can live vaccines generally be given after chemo

A

3 months

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2
Q

Carcinoma

A

Cancer that starts in skin or in the tissues that line or cover internal organs

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3
Q

Sarcoma

A

Cancer in connective tissues

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4
Q

Types of skin cancer

A

Basal
Squamous
Melanoma (most deadly)

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5
Q

Breast cancer screening

A

45-54 yrs begging yearly mammograms

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6
Q

Cervical cancer screening

A

21-29 yrs - PAP smears q3yrs

30-65 yrs - PAP smears q5yrs

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7
Q

Colon cancer screening

A

45 yrs - FIT test q year

Colonoscopy q 10 yrs

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8
Q

Prostate cancer screening

A

50 years - PSA and digital rectal exam

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9
Q

Bleomycin max dose

A

400 units

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10
Q

Doxorubicin max doses

A

450-550mg/m2

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11
Q

Cisplatin max dose

A

100mg/m2

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12
Q

Vincristine max dose

A

2mg

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13
Q

Common oncology toxicities: myelosuppression

A

ALL except

-asparaginase, bleomycin, vincristine

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14
Q

Common oncology toxicities: NV

A

Cisplatin
Cyclophosphamide
Fosfamide

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15
Q

Common oncology toxicities: mucositis

A

MTX

Fluorouracil

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16
Q

Common oncology toxicities: Diarrhea

A

Ironotecan
Capecitabine
MTX
Fluorouracil

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17
Q

Common oncology toxicities: Constipation

A

Vincristine

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18
Q

Common oncology toxicities: cardiomyopathy

A

Anthracyclines (doxorubicin)

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19
Q

Common oncology toxicities: QT prolongation

A

Arsenic trioxide

Many TKIs

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20
Q

Common oncology toxicities: pulmonary fibrosis

A

Bleomycin, busulfan, carmustine, lomustine

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21
Q

Common oncology toxicities: hepatotoxicity

A

Antiandrogens (bicalutamide)

22
Q

Common oncology toxicities: nephrotoxicity

A

Cisplatin

MTX

23
Q

Pilocarpine MOA

A

Cholinergic

-used to dry mouth (xerostomia) and dry eyes

24
Q

Common oncology toxicities: hemorrhagic cystitis

A

Ifosfamide

Cyclophosphamide

25
Common oncology toxicities: neuropathy
Vinca alkaloids Platinums Taxanes
26
What is given with doxorubicin to prevent cardiomyopathy
Dexrazoxane (Zinecard)
27
What is myelosuppression
Decrease in bone marrow activity, resulting in fewer RBCs, WBC, and platelets
28
Colony stimulating factors (CSF)
If WBCs dont recover after chemo Filgastrim (daily) Pegfilgastrim (once per cycle)
29
Neutropenia
<1,000 cells/mm3
30
Severe neutropenia
<500 cells/mm3
31
Fever
>38.3 C (101 F) x 1 reading OR | >38.0 C (100.4 F) x 1 hr long
32
Aromatase inhibitors MOA
Blocks conversion of androgens to estrogens
33
Raloxifene
SERM - antagonist in BONE - not used to tx of breast cancer, but prophylaxis - used to tx of osteoporosis prevention
34
1 foot = ___ inches
12
35
1 inch = ___ cm
2.54
36
Prostate cancer tx : androgen deprivation therapy
GnRH AGONIST + antiandrogen -works through neg feedback -leuprolide (Lupron Dept), goserelin (Zoladex) + Bicalutamide, Flutamide, Nilutamide ``` GnRH ANTAGONIST (alone) -degarelix (Firmagon) ```
37
Alkylating Agents
``` Cyclophosphamide Ifosfamide --both must be given with mesna (chemoprotectant) that inactivates a toxic metabolite in the bladder Carmustine Busulfan ```
38
Platinum-Based compounds SE
Neuropathy, ototoxicity, nephrotoxicity
39
Platinum-Based Compounds
Cisplatin (increased nephrotoxicity, and most CINV) Carboplatin Oxaliplatin (neuropathy)
40
Anthrocyclines SEs
Cardiotoxicity | Vesicants
41
Anthrocyclines
Doxorubicin (discolours urine red) + dexrazoxane (Zinecard) Daunorubicin Mitoxantrone (discolours urine blue)
42
Cell-cycle independent drugs
All Awesome Pharmacists - Alkylating Agents - Anthrocyclines - Platinum-based compounds
43
Vinca Alkaloids
IV only - Vincristine (CNS toxicity-neuropathies, constipation, parasthesia) - Vinblastine (bone marrow suppression)
44
Cell Cycle Specific Drugs
``` Vinca Alkaloids Taxanes Topoisomerase I Inhibitors Topoisomerase II Inhibitors Pyrimidine Analog Antimetabolites Folate Antimetabolites Tyrosine Kinase Inhibitors ```
45
Taxanes
Hypersensitivity rxn (premeds), neuropathies - Paclitaxel - Docetaxel
46
Topoisomerase I inhibitors
Irinotecan (D)
47
Topoisomerase II Inhibitors
Bleomycin - pulmonary toxicity, hypersensitivity rxn (need test dose)
48
Pyrimidine Analog Antimetabolites
Fluorouracil (hand-foot syndromes) | Capecitabine (oral prodrugs of fluorouracil) take w/ food
49
Folate Antimetabolites
Nephrotoxicity | MTX - high doses (over 500mg/m2) require levcovarin (folinic acid) rescue
50
Tyrosine Kinase Inhibitors (TKIs) end in "-nib"
Require pharmacogenomic testing first to see who is likely to respond

RxPrep NAPLEX (33 decks)

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