Infectious Disease Flashcards
Perioperative antibiotic prophylaxis
Coverage of staph and strep
- cefazolin
- cefuroxime
Meningitis tx
Mostly viral
Strep pneumoniae, neisseria meningitidis, haemophilus influenzae
-ceftriaxone or cefotaxime + vancomycin (ampicillin for neonates, or >50yrs for listeria coverage)
Acute otitis media tx
Mostly viral, observation periods
- high dose amoxicillin 80-90mg/kg/day, or amoxi/clav
- cefdinir, cefuroxime, ceftriaxone
Sinusitis tx
Mostly viral, only tx if 10 days or more of sx
-amoxi/clav
CAP tx
S pneumoniae, M pneumoniae, H influenzea
- if no antibiotics in last 3 months- macrolide, or doxycycline
- if antibiotic use in last 3 months, comorbidities, immunocompromised- amoxi, amoxi/clav, cefdinir, cefuroxime + macrolide/doxy OR moxi, levo, gemifloxacin as monotherapy
HAP tx
Pip/taz
Cefepime
Levofloxacin
-if suspect MRSA add vancomycin/linezolid
Active Tuberculosis tx
RIPE:
-rifampin, isoniazid, pyrazinamide, ethambutol x 2 months
Less intensive:
-rifampin, isoniazid x 4 months (BOTH ON EMPTY STOMACH)
Lots of DIs and must monitor liver function
Oral meds that cover MRSA
SMX/TMP Doxycycline Minocycline Linezolid Clindamycin
Syphilis tx
Pen G benzathine IM
Gonorrhea tx
Ceftriaxone IM x 1 + azithromycin 1g po x 1
Chlamydia tx
Azithrommycin 1g po x 1
Bacterial vaginitis tx
Metronidazole po or vaginally
Trichomoniasis tx (green and frothy)
Metronidazole 2g po x 1
Dimorphic fungi
Exists as mold at low temps, and yeast at high temps
Broad spectrum active against yeasts, molds, and dimorphic fungi
Amphotericin B
- infusion rxn, and nephrotoxic
- requires pre-meds
