Nursing Process - Theoretical Foundations of Nursing Practice

Question 1

An important early step in the application of knowledge to nursing practice was Orlando’s (1961) development of a problem-solving approach that came to be known as the:

Answer 1

nursing process.

Question 2

Originally involved four steps.

Answer 2

Nursing process

Question 3

1st step in the nursing process.

Answer 3

Assessment.

Question 4

2nd step in the nursing process.

Answer 4

Planning

Question 5

3rd step in the nursing process.

Answer 5

Intervention

Question 6

4th step in the nursing process.

Answer 6

Evaluation

Question 7

Each step in this process represents a distinct way in which general nursing knowledge could be applied to unique and individual nurse-patient situations.

Answer 7

Nursing process

Question 8

In this phase, nurses would gather information, including biological, sociocultural, environmental, spiritual, and psychological data, to create an understanding of the patient’s unique health or illness experience.

Answer 8

Assessment phase

Question 9

The nurse’s perspective on the appropriate focus for the patient.

Answer 9

Nursing diagnosis

Question 10

In this phase, nurses would prioritize the issues raised during assessment in relation to the nursing diagnoses, identify which issues could be supported or assisted by nursing intervention, and create a plan of care.

Answer 10

Planning phase

Question 11

In this phase, the plan of care would be carried out.

Answer 11

Intervention phase

Question 12

In this phase, the plan’s success or failure would be judged both against the plan itself and against the patient’s overall health status; that is, it would be determined whether the intended outcomes had been achieved or whether the nursing intervention strategies required revision.

Answer 12

Evaluation phase

Question 13

This process was intended as a sequence within which thoughtful interpretation always preceded action, and the effects of action were always evaluated in relation to the original situation.

Answer 13

Nursing process

Question 14

Widely accepted by nurses because it was a logical way to describe basic problem-solving processes in which knowledge was used effectively to guide nursing decisions.

Answer 14

Nursing process

Question 15

Although it was useful for organizing and applying knowledge to clinical practice, some later theorists began to challenge this process as being too linear and rigid for nursing’s purposes.

Answer 15

Nursing process

Question 16

Implies the systematic use of the nursing process to invoke the complex intuitive and conscious thinking strategies that are part of all clinical decision-making in nursing.

Answer 16

Clinical judgement

Question 17

In current practice, terms such as ___ ___ are used to refer to reasoning processes that rely on critical thinking and multiple ways of knowing.

Answer 17

clinical judgement