Domains of Learning - Patient Education Flashcards
Occurs in three domains: cognitive (understanding), affective (attitudes), and psychomotor (motor skills).
Learning
Cognitive =
understanding
Patients with diabetes learning how diabetes affects the body and how to control blood glucose levels for better health is an example of this learning domain.
Cognitive domain
Affective =
attitudes
Psychomotor =
motor skills
Patients with diabetes learning to accept the chronic nature of diabetes through positive coping mechanisms is an example of this learning domain.
Affective domain
Patients with diabetes learning to test their blood glucose levels at home with a glucose meter is an example of this learning domain.
Psychomotor domain
This cognitive teaching method includes the following:
● May involve nurse and one patient or nurse with several patients
● Promotes active participation and focuses on topics of interest to patient
● Facilitates peer support
● Enhances application and analysis of new information
Discussion (one-on-one or group)
This cognitive teaching method includes the following:
● Can involve individual or group
● Facilitates cultural relevance and safety
● Enhances application of new information to a familiar context
Storytelling
This cognitive teaching method includes the following:
● Formal method of instruction because it is teacher controlled
● Helps learners acquire new knowledge and gain comprehension
Lecture
This cognitive teaching method includes the following:
● Designed specifically to address patient’s concerns
● Assists patient in applying knowledge
Question-and-answer session
This cognitive teaching method includes the following:
● Encourages patient to actively apply knowledge in controlled situation
● Promotes synthesis of information and problem solving
Role play and discovery
This cognitive teaching method includes the following:
● Assists patient to assume responsibility for learning at own pace
● Promotes analysis, synthesis, and evaluation of new information and skills
Independent projects (e.g., computer-assisted instruction) and field experience
This affective teaching method includes the following:
● Encourages expression of values, feelings, and attitudes
Role play
This affective teaching method includes the following:
● Enables patient to acquire support from other people in group
● Encourages patient to learn from other people’s experiences
● Promotes responding, valuing, and organizing
Discussion (group)
This affective teaching method includes the following:
● Facilitates discussion of personal, sensitive topics of interest or concern
Discussion (one-on-one)
This psychomotor teaching method includes the following:
● Provides presentation of procedures or skills by nurse
● Encourages patient to model nurse’s behaviour
● Allows nurse to control questioning during demonstration
Demonstration
This psychomotor teaching method includes the following:
● Enables patient to perform skills by using equipment in a controlled setting
● Allows repetition
Practice
This psychomotor teaching method includes the following:
● Enables patient to perform skill as nurse observes
● Provides excellent source of feedback and reinforcement
Return demonstrations
This psychomotor teaching method includes the following:
● Requires teaching method that promotes adaptation and initiation of psychomotor learning
● Enabled learner to use new skills
Independent projects and games
Includes all intellectual behaviours and requires thinking.
Cognitive learning
In the hierarchy of cognitive behaviours, the simplest behaviour is re___, whereas the most complex is cr___.
re-membering / cr-eating
This domain of learning includes the following:
- Remembering: the ability to learn new information and to retrieve knowledge from long-term memory
- Understanding: the ability to construct the meaning of learned material
- Applying: the use of abstract, newly learned ideas in a practical situation
- Analyzing: the breaking down of information into organized parts and determining how the parts relate to one another
- Evaluating: making judgements based on criteria and standards
- Creating: combining elements to form a coherent and functional whole
Cognitive learning
Concerns expressions of feelings and acceptance of attitudes, opinions, or values.
Affective learning
Values clarification is an example of this domain of learning.
Affective learning
The simplest behaviour in the affective learning hierarchy is rec___, and the most complex is cha___.
rec-eviving / cha-racterizing
This domain of learning includes the following:
- Receiving: the willingness to attend to another person’s words
- Responding: active participation through listening and reacting verbally and nonverbally
- Valuing: attachment of worth to an object, concept, or behaviour, demonstrated by the learner’s actions
- Organizing: development of a value system by identifying and organizing values and resolving conflicts
- Characterizing: action and response with a consistent value system
Affective learning
Involves acquiring skills that require the integration of mental and muscular activity, such as the ability to walk or to use an eating utensil.
Psychomotor learning
The simplest behaviour in the hierarchy of psychomotor learning is per___ and the most complex is origin___.
per-ception / orgin-ation
This domain of learning includes:
- Perception: awareness of objects or qualities through the use of sense organs
- Set: a readiness (mental, physical, or emotional) to take a particular action
- Guided response: the performance of an act under the guidance of an instructor, involving imitation of a demonstrated act
- Mechanism: a higher level of behaviour by which a person gains confidence and skill in performing a behaviour that is more complex or involves several more steps than does a guided response
- Complex overt response: the smooth and accurate performance of a motor skill that requires a complex movement pattern
- Adaptation: the ability to change motor response when unexpected problems occur
- Origination: use of existing psychomotor skills and abilities to perform a highly complex motor act that involves creating new movement patterns
Psychomotor learning
