Basic Elements of the Communication Process - Communication and Relational Practice

Question 1

Ongoing, dynamic, and multidimensional process.

Answer 1

Communication (process)

Question 2

Basic Elements of the Communication Process

Answer 2

Question 3

An active process between sender and receiver.

Answer 3

Communication

Question 4

Motivates one person to communicate with another.

Answer 4

Referent

Question 5

In a health care setting, sights, sounds, odours, time schedules, messages, objects, emotions, sensations, perceptions, ideas, and other cues trigger ___.

Answer 5

communication

Question 6

When a nurse knows the ___ that triggered communication, she or he can develop and organize messages for effective communication.

Answer 6

stimulus

Question 7

The person who encodes and delivers the message.

Answer 7

Sender

Question 8

Person who receives and decodes the message.

Answer 8

Receiver

Question 9

Puts ideas or feelings into a form that can be transmitted and is responsible for accuracy and emotional tone.

Answer 9

Sender

Question 10

Their message acts as a referent for the receiver, who is responsible for attending to, decoding, and responding to the their message.

Answer 10

Sender

Question 11

Sender and receiver roles are ___ and change back and forth as people interact; sometimes sending and receiving even occur simultaneously.

Answer 11

fluid

Question 12

The more the sender and receiver have in common and the ___ their relationship, the more likely they will accurately perceive one another’s meaning and respond accordingly.

Answer 12

closer

Question 13

The content of the communication.

Answer 13

Message

Question 14

It contains verbal, nonverbal, and symbolic expressions of thoughts or feelings that are transmitted from the sender to the receiver.

Answer 14

Message

Question 15

Personal ___ sometimes distort the receiver’s interpretation of the message.

Answer 15

perceptions

Question 16

Two nurses can provide the same information and yet convey very different ___ according to their personal communication styles. One nurse can send the same ___ to two people and be understood differently by each.

Answer 16

messages / message

Question 17

You can send effective ___ by expressing yourself clearly, directly, and in a manner ___ to the receiver.

Answer 17

messages / familiar

Question 18

By watching the listener for ___ cues that suggest confusion or misunderstanding, you can determine whether the message needs to be clarified.

Answer 18

nonverbal

Question 19

Communication can be difficult when participants have different levels of education and experience. “Your incision is well approximated without purulent drainage” means the same as “Your wound edges are together, with no signs of infection,” but the latter is easier to ___.

Answer 19

understand

Question 20

You must be sure patients can ___ before you send messages in writing.

Answer 20

read

Question 21

Means of conveying and receiving messages through visual, auditory, and tactile senses.

Answer 21

Channels

Question 22

Facial expressions send visual messages, spoken words travel through auditory ___, and touch crosses tactile ___.

Answer 22

channels x2

Question 23

The more ___ the sender uses to convey a message, the more clearly the message is usually understood. For example, when teaching about insulin self-injection, the nurse talks about and demonstrates the technique, gives the patient printed information, and encourages hands-on practice with the vial and syringe. Nurses use verbal, nonverbal, and mediated (technological) communication channels. They send and receive information in person; by informal or formal writing; over the telephone or pager; by audio and video recording; and through fax, email, and interactive electronic or social networking media.

Answer 23

channels

Question 24

The message returned by the receiver.

Answer 24

Feedback

Question 25

It indicates whether the intended meaning of the sender’s message was understood by the receiver.

Answer 25

Feedback

Question 26

Senders need to seek verbal and nonverbal ___ to ensure that clear communication has occurred.

Answer 26

feedback

Question 27

To be effective, the sender and receiver must be sensitive and ___ to each other’s messages, clarify the messages, and modify behaviour accordingly. In a social relationship, both participants assume equal responsibility for seeking openness and clarification, but in the nurse–patient relationship, this responsibility is primarily the ___.

Answer 27

open / nurse

Question 28

Characteristics within both the sender and receiver that influence communication; people perceive events differently. For example, a nurse might say, “You have been very quiet since your family left. Is something on your mind?” One patient might perceive the nurse’s question as showing caring and concern; another might perceive the nurse as being intrusive.

Answer 28

Interpersonal variables

Question 29

It is the responsibility of the ___ to seek out the variables and contexts that will communicate sensitively and effectively.

Answer 29

nurse

Question 30

Include educational and developmental levels, sociocultural backgrounds, values and beliefs, emotions, gender, physical health status, and roles and relationships.

Answer 30

Interpersonal variables

Question 31

___ associated with illness, such as pain, anxiety, and medication effects, can also affect nurse–patient communication and should all be considered in communication choices.

Answer 31

Variables

Question 32

Setting for sender–receiver interaction.

Answer 32

Environment

Question 33

For effective communication, the ___ should meet nurse and patient needs for physical and emotional comfort and safety.

Answer 33

environment

Question 34

Noise, temperature extremes, distractions, and lack of privacy or space create confusion, tension, and discomfort. ___ distractions are common in health care settings and interfere with messages sent between people. Establishing as comfortable an ___ as possible to create favourable conditions for effective communication is a role of the nurse.

Answer 34

Environmental / environment