Non-opioid analgesics Flashcards
What are the main types of Non-Opioid Analgesics?
NSAIDs (aspirin, ibuprofen, naproxen) and acetaminophen
Non-Opioid Analgesics are primarily classified into NSAIDs and acetaminophen.
What is the mechanism of action for NSAIDs?
Inhibition of COX pathway, leading to decreased prostaglandin synthesis, decreased sensitization of nociceptors, and decreased neurotransmission by nociceptors
COX inhibitors reduce the inflammatory response and pain perception.
What are some common toxic side effects of NSAIDs?
Gastric irritation, spontaneous hemorrhaging, tinnitus
These side effects arise from the inhibition of COX enzymes affecting gastric mucosa and platelet function.
How does acetaminophen differ from other NSAIDs?
It is the weakest COX inhibitor, likely a COX-3 inhibitor, and does not produce the same side effects
Acetaminophen primarily acts in the brain and lacks anti-inflammatory benefits.
What is the primary site of action for acetaminophen?
Inhibition of COX in the brain
This localized action contributes to its mild analgesic properties without significant peripheral effects.
What potential benefit can occur when acetaminophen is combined with other pain medications?
A synergistic effect
Combining acetaminophen with other analgesics can enhance pain relief, even if the other medications have minimal effects on their own.
What can overdose of acetaminophen lead to?
Liver failure: Overdose inhibits glutathione transferase, depleting glutathione and damaging liver cells.
