Cromolyn, Antihist, monoclonal, anticholinergic Flashcards
What is Cromolyn (Intal) used for?
Prophylactic treatment of asthmatic attacks, allergies, or exercise induced asthma.
Cromolyn is not a rescue medication as it does not bronchodilate.
What is the mechanism of action of Cromolyn?
a mast cell “stabilizer”;
Reduces mast cell release of histamine in response to an allergen–> reduces mucus secretion and congestion.
What is the first generation antihistamine example?
Diphenhydramine (Bendaryl)
can be given peri-op to prevent n/v
What are the uses of diphenhydramine?
Treatment of acute allergic reactions:
* Rhinitis
* Urticaria
* Conjunctivitis
* Motion sickness
It reduces histamine-induced mucus secretion and congestion.
What is the name of a second generation antihistamine?
loratidine (claritin)
Why are antihistamines useful in motion sickness/N/V?
there’s a receptor in your inner ear for it that has to do with motion sickness so giving histamine receptor antagonist helps
What is a key feature of second generation antihistamines like loratadine?
Does not pass the blood-brain barrier as readily as first generation antihistamines
This reduces CNS sedation.
What class is omalizumab (Xolair)?
Monoclonal Anti-IgE Antibodies.
What is the mechanism of action of omalizumab (Xolair)?
Selectively binds to IgE antibodies in the blood, preventing IgE from attaching to mast cells, thus preventing histamine release after exposure to an allergen.
What is omalizumab used for?
It is used to treat moderate to severe forms of allergic asthma.
advantages include: Improved lung functions, reduction in asthmatic attacks, reduced treatment with glucocorticoids
What are the potential risks associated with omalizumab?
Injection site infection, increased risk of cancer, potential for anaphylaxis
Anaphylaxis can happen at any time in txt even if you went for years.
It must be administered in a supervised setting.
What is ipratropium classified as?
Muscarinic cholinergic receptor antagonist
anticholinergic/cholinolytic
It is used to reduce bronchoconstriction in respiratory disorders like COPD.
What are the systemic side effects of ipratropium?
Low systemic side effects
consider what conditions it could affect as anticholinergic
However, it can still cause dry mouth and dry throat.
Fill in the blank: Cromolyn is a _____ stabilizer.
Mast Cell
True or False: Omalizumab can cause anaphylaxis at any point during treatment.
True
Fill in the blank: Ipratropium is one of the only reversible elements of … for patients with COPD.
airway obstruction
