Antacids

Question 1

Name 3 types of antacids.

Answer 1

magnesium oxide/hydroxide
aluminum oxide
calcium carbonate

Question 2

What is the MoA of antacids?

Answer 2

Buffers neutralize gastric acids and decrease pH-dependent conversion of pepsinogen to pepsin

reduces gastric damage to mucosal lining

Increasing gastric pH to above 3.5 reduces proteolysis catalyzed by pepsin.

Question 3

How do antacids affect gastric damage?

Answer 3

Reduces gastric damage to mucosal lining

This effect helps in managing conditions like gastritis and peptic ulcer disease.

Question 4

What is the duration of action for antacids?

Answer 4

1-2 hours

This short duration means they may need to be taken multiple times for effective relief.

Question 5

What interactions can occur with antacids?

Answer 5

Can interfere with actions of H2 receptor antagonists and sucralfate

or

decreased absorption of cimetidine (H2 blocker) d/t pH change, so should be separated by 1-2 hours.

Antacids should be separated by 1-2 hours from these medications due to pH changes.

Question 6

What side effects can antacids cause?

Answer 6

Aluminum and calcium agents can causes constipation. Magnesium agents can cause diarrhea.

Question 7

What is necessary for the good absorption of certain foods and minerals?

Answer 7

Some food and minerals need an acidic environment for good absorption i.e. calcium, iron, magnesium

(people who might be anemic might be d/t this, overdoing it)

Question 8

What cells secrete pepsinogen?

Answer 8

Chief or zymogenic cells

These cells play a crucial role in protein digestion.

Question 9

At what pH does pepsinogen convert to pepsin?

Answer 9

pH < 3.5

This conversion is essential for protein breakdown in the stomach.

Question 10

What can lead to damage of the gastric lining?

Answer 10

Absence of mucus protecting the lining.

This can occur due to bad prostaglandins turning off mucus production., then pepsin gets to cells and digests them.