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Pediatric studying torture > Newborn shiet > Flashcards

Newborn shiet Flashcards

1
Q

Extremely Preterm

A

Less than 32 weeks gestation

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2
Q

Late Preterm

A

34-36 weeks gestation

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3
Q

Early Term

A

37-38 weeks gestation

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4
Q

Full term

A

39-40 weeks gestation

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5
Q

Low birth weight

A

Less than 2500 g

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6
Q

Very low birth weight

A

less than 1500 g

3 pounds 5 ounces

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7
Q

Post term

A

> 42 weeks

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8
Q

Extremely low birth weight

A

less than 1000 g

2 pounds 3 ounces

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9
Q

Prematurity risk factors

A 
Advanced maternal age
Hypertension
DM
C section
Assisted reproduction technology
Chromosomal abnormalities
Gestational disorders
Multiple births
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10
Q

New born screen

+ labs

A 
24 hours after a baby feeds
Blood type
Glucose
Bilirubin
CBC
Coombs test --> ABO incompatibility
Indirect coombs
Hearing test
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11
Q

Respiratory rate

A

30-60 bpm

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12
Q

Heart rate

A

100-160 bpm

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13
Q

Weight during the first week of life

A

Weight losses up to 10% in first 3 days
5-10% typical in 1 week. >10-12 is a concern
Regains birth weight by 1 week if formula fed, 2 weeks if breast fed.

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14
Q

Erythema toxicum neonatorum

A

Blotchy red spots on the skin with small, erythematous papules, vesicles, and, occasionally, pustules with a erythematous base. Benign and may appear on 2nd/3rd day and go away in 1 week. Spare the palms and soles

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15
Q

Head circumfrence

A 
0-3 months .5 cm a week
3-6 months .25 cm a week
1.25 cm a week=hydrocephalus
.5 inch per month 0-3 months
.25 inch per month 3-6 months
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16
Q

Anterior fontanel closure

A

18 months

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17
Q

Posterior fontanel closure

A

2-3 months

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18
Q

Sunken fontanel

A

Dehydration

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19
Q

Delayed fontanel closure

A

rickets, hypothyroidism, ICP, syphilis

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20
Q

Microcephaly causes

A 
herpes
syphilis
rubella
CMV
toxoplasmosis
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21
Q

Caput succedaneum

A

Pressure on fetal head from cervix causes edema
Crosses suture line parietal region
Resolves in 2-3 days

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22
Q

Cephalohematoma

A

Subperiosteal blood collection
Does not cross suture line
Localized swelling w well defined outline

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23
Q

Sagittal suture

A

Fibrous connective tissue joint between the two parietal bones of the skull. (bisects head into left and right)

24
Q

Coronal suture

A

The transverse suture in the skull separating the frontal bone from the parietal bones.

25
Q

Lambdoidal suture

A

The dense, fibrous connective tissue joint on the posterior aspect of the skull that connects the parietal bones with the occipital bone

26
Q

First trimester integrated screen

A

10-13 weeks

Free beta hCG and pregnancy associated plasma protein

27
Q

Nucal ultra sound

A

11 weeks 2 days to 14 weeks 2 days

Used to detect down syndrome and trisomy 18.

28
Q

Serum integrated screen

A 
15-20 weeks of pregnancy
Alpha fetal protein
human chorionic gonadotropin
unconjugated estriol 
inhibin A
Screens for neural tube defects
29
Q

Quad marker screen

A

Maternal blood screening test that looks at AFP, hCG, Estriol and inhibin A.
AFP will be low in down syndrome and trisomy 18.
High AFP=neural tube defects, renal anamaloies, duodenal atresia

30
Q

Head lag in a baby >6 mo

A

Sign of CP

31
Q

Premature calorie requirement

and supplements

A

137-165 cal/kg/day
Vitamin D 400 IU/day
Iron 2-4mg/kg/day in breastfed infants
Multivitamin 1 ml

32
Q

very low birth weight catch up

A

24 months for weight
18 months for head circumference
growth spurt at 38-48 weeks
Most catch up by 2-3 years

33
Q

Transient tachypnea of newborn

A

Rapid onset of breathing caused by alveolar retention of amniotic fluid
More common in c-section delivery or ges DM
Gets better over time

34
Q

Synagis (palivizumab)

A

Preterm infants born before 29 weeks need this
15 mg/kg
5 dose max
Stop if breakthrough RSV occurs w hospitalization

35
Q

Newborn hearing screen

A

OAE or ABR before dx on all newborns

If fail repeat. If fail again, refer.

36
Q

Newborn metabolic screen

A

heel stick blood for over 30 conditions

done between 24-48 hours. Must have 24 hours of feeding

37
Q

Preventing hemorrhagic disease of the newborn

A

Vitamin K 1 mg IM

38
Q

Sepsis work-up

A

CBC w diff, blood culture, urine culture, CSF culture and gram stain, CRP, consider chest xray if coughing

39
Q

Diagnosing RH incompatibility in newborn

A

Direct Coombs

40
Q

APGAR

A 
appearance
pulse
grimace
activity 
respiration
41
Q

When APGAR is done

A

At 1 and 5 minutes after birth

42
Q

Fluoride recommendations + dosages

A 
6mo-3y= .25 mg/day
3-6y= .5 mg/day
6-16y= 1 mg
43
Q

Iron screen recommended age

A

12 months

44
Q

Most common cause of dental carries

A

Going to bed with bottle

45
Q

ROP-patho

A

developmental vascular disorder that results in abnormal growth of retinal vessels and incomplete vascularization of the retina. Seen in EGA or LBW infants

46
Q

ROP S &S

A

leukokoria, optic nerve, pallor, glaucoma, cataracts, strabismus, detached retina

47
Q

ROP treatment

A

routine monitoring, refer to vision, yearly optho exam

48
Q

ROP treatment

A

routine monitoring, refer to vision, yearly optho exam

49
Q

most likely cause of sepsis in newborn

A

listeria

50
Q

cutis marmorata

A

bluish lacy skin because of cold temps. seen in 50% of newborns and is benign

51
Q

Harlequin color change

A

half of baby’s face is red. it is benign

52
Q

Transient neonatal pustular melanosis

A

vesiculopustular rash more common in black babies. Lesions lack surrounding erythema, and rupture easily. pigmented macule that fades over 3-4 weeks. Palms and soles may be affected.

53
Q

neonatal acne

A

closed comedones on the forehead, nose, and cheeks from stimulation of sebaceous glands by androgens. resolve on their own in 4 months. don’t need to tx but can give benzoyl peroxide

54
Q

Milia

A

1-2mm pearly white or yellow papules caused by retention of keratin within the dermis. Occur on forehead, cheekse, nose, and chin and mucous membranes. Go away within 1st month of life

55
Q

Miliaria

A

sweat retention caused by partial closure of eccrine structures two forms, crystallina and rubra. Crystallina has small vesciles w no erythema on head + neck. Rubra is deeper and has erythematous papules and vesicles

56
Q

Seborrheic dermatitis vs atopic derm

A

Seb is within 1st month, atopic derm is after 3 months.

Pediatric studying torture (23 decks)

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