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Pediatric studying torture > Newborn shiet > Flashcards

Newborn shiet Flashcards

1
Q

Extremely Preterm

A

Less than 32 weeks gestation

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2
Q

Late Preterm

A

34-36 weeks gestation

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3
Q

Early Term

A

37-38 weeks gestation

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4
Q

Full term

A

39-40 weeks gestation

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5
Q

Low birth weight

A

Less than 2500 g

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6
Q

Very low birth weight

A

less than 1500 g

3 pounds 5 ounces

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7
Q

Post term

A

> 42 weeks

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8
Q

Extremely low birth weight

A

less than 1000 g

2 pounds 3 ounces

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9
Q

Prematurity risk factors

A 
Advanced maternal age
Hypertension
DM
C section
Assisted reproduction technology
Chromosomal abnormalities
Gestational disorders
Multiple births
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10
Q

New born screen

+ labs

A 
24 hours after a baby feeds
Blood type
Glucose
Bilirubin
CBC
Coombs test --> ABO incompatibility
Indirect coombs
Hearing test
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11
Q

Respiratory rate

A

30-60 bpm

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12
Q

Heart rate

A

100-160 bpm

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13
Q

Weight during the first week of life

A

Weight losses up to 10% in first 3 days
5-10% typical in 1 week. >10-12 is a concern
Regains birth weight by 1 week if formula fed, 2 weeks if breast fed.

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14
Q

Erythema toxicum neonatorum

A

Blotchy red spots on the skin with small, erythematous papules, vesicles, and, occasionally, pustules with a erythematous base. Benign and may appear on 2nd/3rd day and go away in 1 week. Spare the palms and soles

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15
Q

Head circumfrence

A 
0-3 months .5 cm a week
3-6 months .25 cm a week
1.25 cm a week=hydrocephalus
.5 inch per month 0-3 months
.25 inch per month 3-6 months
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16
Q

Anterior fontanel closure

A

18 months

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17
Q

Posterior fontanel closure

A

2-3 months

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18
Q

Sunken fontanel

A

Dehydration

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19
Q

Delayed fontanel closure

A

rickets, hypothyroidism, ICP, syphilis

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20
Q

Microcephaly causes

A 
herpes
syphilis
rubella
CMV
toxoplasmosis
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21
Q

Caput succedaneum

A

Pressure on fetal head from cervix causes edema
Crosses suture line parietal region
Resolves in 2-3 days

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22
Q

Cephalohematoma

A

Subperiosteal blood collection
Does not cross suture line
Localized swelling w well defined outline

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23
Q

Sagittal suture

A

Fibrous connective tissue joint between the two parietal bones of the skull. (bisects head into left and right)

24
Q

Coronal suture

A

The transverse suture in the skull separating the frontal bone from the parietal bones.

25
Lambdoidal suture
The dense, fibrous connective tissue joint on the posterior aspect of the skull that connects the parietal bones with the occipital bone
26
First trimester integrated screen
10-13 weeks | Free beta hCG and pregnancy associated plasma protein
27
Nucal ultra sound
11 weeks 2 days to 14 weeks 2 days | Used to detect down syndrome and trisomy 18.
28
Serum integrated screen
``` 15-20 weeks of pregnancy Alpha fetal protein human chorionic gonadotropin unconjugated estriol inhibin A Screens for neural tube defects ```
29
Quad marker screen
Maternal blood screening test that looks at AFP, hCG, Estriol and inhibin A. AFP will be low in down syndrome and trisomy 18. High AFP=neural tube defects, renal anamaloies, duodenal atresia
30
Head lag in a baby >6 mo
Sign of CP
31
Premature calorie requirement | and supplements
137-165 cal/kg/day Vitamin D 400 IU/day Iron 2-4mg/kg/day in breastfed infants Multivitamin 1 ml
32
very low birth weight catch up
24 months for weight 18 months for head circumference growth spurt at 38-48 weeks Most catch up by 2-3 years
33
Transient tachypnea of newborn
Rapid onset of breathing caused by alveolar retention of amniotic fluid More common in c-section delivery or ges DM Gets better over time
34
Synagis (palivizumab)
Preterm infants born before 29 weeks need this 15 mg/kg 5 dose max Stop if breakthrough RSV occurs w hospitalization
35
Newborn hearing screen
OAE or ABR before dx on all newborns | If fail repeat. If fail again, refer.
36
Newborn metabolic screen
heel stick blood for over 30 conditions | done between 24-48 hours. Must have 24 hours of feeding
37
Preventing hemorrhagic disease of the newborn
Vitamin K 1 mg IM
38
Sepsis work-up
CBC w diff, blood culture, urine culture, CSF culture and gram stain, CRP, consider chest xray if coughing
39
Diagnosing RH incompatibility in newborn
Direct Coombs
40
APGAR
``` appearance pulse grimace activity respiration ```
41
When APGAR is done
At 1 and 5 minutes after birth
42
Fluoride recommendations + dosages
``` 6mo-3y= .25 mg/day 3-6y= .5 mg/day 6-16y= 1 mg ```
43
Iron screen recommended age
12 months
44
Most common cause of dental carries
Going to bed with bottle
45
ROP-patho
developmental vascular disorder that results in abnormal growth of retinal vessels and incomplete vascularization of the retina. Seen in EGA or LBW infants
46
ROP S &S
leukokoria, optic nerve, pallor, glaucoma, cataracts, strabismus, detached retina
47
ROP treatment
routine monitoring, refer to vision, yearly optho exam
48
ROP treatment
routine monitoring, refer to vision, yearly optho exam
49
most likely cause of sepsis in newborn
listeria
50
cutis marmorata
bluish lacy skin because of cold temps. seen in 50% of newborns and is benign
51
Harlequin color change
half of baby's face is red. it is benign
52
Transient neonatal pustular melanosis
vesiculopustular rash more common in black babies. Lesions lack surrounding erythema, and rupture easily. pigmented macule that fades over 3-4 weeks. Palms and soles may be affected.
53
neonatal acne
closed comedones on the forehead, nose, and cheeks from stimulation of sebaceous glands by androgens. resolve on their own in 4 months. don't need to tx but can give benzoyl peroxide
54
Milia
1-2mm pearly white or yellow papules caused by retention of keratin within the dermis. Occur on forehead, cheekse, nose, and chin and mucous membranes. Go away within 1st month of life
55
Miliaria
sweat retention caused by partial closure of eccrine structures two forms, crystallina and rubra. Crystallina has small vesciles w no erythema on head + neck. Rubra is deeper and has erythematous papules and vesicles
56
Seborrheic dermatitis vs atopic derm
Seb is within 1st month, atopic derm is after 3 months.

Pediatric studying torture (23 decks)

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